民机的一种新型布局形式——翼身融合体飞机

 讨论了一种区别于机翼与圆柱机身的传统民机外形——翼身融合体（BWB）外形。从给定容积下减少浸润面积和摩擦阻力的考虑发展出了翼身融合体的概念。在满足系列设计约束条件下讨论了适于大型（800座）客机的翼身融合体的技术和商业上的可能性。概念设计研究表明,翼身融合体外形可获得比常规外形更好的性能。巡航升阻比可从传统外形的19提高至23。480座的BWB外形与同量级的传统外形（A380-700）相比,最大起飞重量可减少18%,每座位燃油消耗可减少32%,具有良好的环保性。通过气动载荷分布规律的反设计,翼型修型和三维优化设计等气动设计方法可以有效减阻和提高BWB的气动性能。由于BWB的高度融合性,讨论了多学科优化设计方法的重要性和有效性。BWB概念能够发展成BWB系列机,进一步提高巡航马赫数也是可能的。     

A high-performance ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility for life support system in space

Vegetable cultivation plays a crucial role in dietary supplements and psychosocial benefits of the crew during manned space flight. Here we developed a ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility, named Horn-type Producer (HTP), which was capable of simulating the microgravity effect and the continuous cultivation of leaf–vegetables on root modules. The growth chamber of the facility had a volume of 0.12 m³, characterized by a three-stage space expansion with plant growth. The planting surface of 0.154 m² was comprised of six ring-shaped root modules with a fibrous ion-exchange resin substrate. Root modules were fastened to a central porous tube supplying water, and moved forward with plant growth. The total illuminated crop area of 0.567 m² was provided by a combination of red and white light emitting diodes on the internal surfaces. In tests with a 24-h photoperiod, the productivity of the HTP at 0.3 kW for lettuce achieved 254.3 g eatable biomass per week. Long-term operation of the HTP did not alter vegetable nutrition composition to any great extent. Furthermore, the efficiency of the HTP, based on the Q-criterion, was 7 × 10⁻⁴ g² m⁻³ J⁻¹. These results show that the HTP exhibited high productivity, stable quality, and good efficiency in the process of planting lettuce, indicative of an interesting design for space vegetable production.     

浇注温度对1种新型铸造镍基高温合金组织和拉伸性能的影响

为分析浇注温度与合金的组织结构和力学性能之间的变化关系,通过改变浇注温度获得不同枝晶组织试样,采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜来观察和分析合金的组织结构,结合拉伸性能测试研究了合金的组织结构对拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：降低浇注温度使γ＇相和碳化物得到细化;降低浇注温度提高了合金的拉伸强度,并改善了塑性。     

访问者关系管理在产品需求分析中的应用

产品设计的早期阶段对产品进行需求分析是产品取得成功的关键,快速获取需求、准确分析需求是需求分析的焦点。本文通过访问者关系管理实现了快速获取需求和产品的信息管理。     

基于层次结构的装配顺序规划

简要介绍了虚拟装配顺序规划的研究状况。在层次结构关系的基础上建立了一种较为简明的装配关联矩阵,并引入装配通道函数以保证装配的几何可行性,提高了装配顺序规划质量,在减少可行装配顺序遗漏的同时缩小了可行解的空间,提高了装配顺序规划的效率。     

位置不确定持续移动对象的离散表示

基于快照模型,提出对多个离散快照进行整体插值来生成不确定性二维移动点对象的离散模型用于时空数据库系统的实现。利用GM（1,1）模型,通过灰生成降低各个离散快照本身包含的不确定性,建立能够反映移动对象的整体运动趋势的离散实现模型。与线性插值模型的对比实验说明,信息受限情况下采用该模型计算位置不确定持续运动对象的时空运动情况能够保持稳定的低误筹率。     

基于FTA方法对某型飞机直流电源系统故障分析

对某型飞机直流电源系统的“一个整流器故障”进行了分析 ,介绍了故障树分析的应用方法 ,并且对实际故障建立了故障树     

Robust space-time adaptive processing for airborne radar in nonhomogeneous clutter environments

Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) holds tremendous potential for the new generation airborne surveillance radar, in which the phased array antennas and pulse Doppler processing mode are adopted. A new STAP approach using the multiple-beam and multiple Doppler channels is presented here for airborne phased array radar. The approach with space-time multiple-beam (STMB) architecture is robust to array errors and has very low system degrees of freedom (DOFs). Hence, it has low sample support requirement and it is very suitable for the practical planar phased array radar under nonhomogeneous clutter environments. Meanwhile, a new nonhomogeneous detector (NHD) based on the correlation dimension (CD) is also proposed here, which is used as an effective method to screen tracing data prior to detection processing. It can further improve the performance of the STAP approach in the severely nonhomogeneous clutter environments. Therefore, a scheme that incorporates the correlation dimension nonhomogeneity detector (CD-NHD) with the STMB is recommended, which we term CD-NHD-STMB. The experimental simulation results indicate that: 1) the STMB processor is robust to array element error and has high performance under nonhomogeneous clutter environments; 2) the CD-NHD is also effective on the nonhomogeneous clutter. As a result, the CD-NHD-STMB scheme is robust to array element error and nonhomogeneous clutter, and therefore available for airborne phased array radar applications.     

飞机机械操纵系统(MCS)优化设计

 针对国内飞机 MCS设计理论指导不足 ,MCS不能保证达到一级规范要求 ,提出以规范为目标 ,最优化设计 MCS的方法 ,并运用该方法对某飞机 MCS进行了改进设计 ,使该飞机的操纵品质在飞行包线内都达到一级品质要求     

Al－Al_3Ni自生复合材料的高周疲劳损伤断裂机制及其应力比的影响

实验观察和研究了Ａｌ－Ａｌ３Ｎｉ自生复合材料的高周疲劳损伤断裂行为以及应力比Ｒ的影响,结果显示在Ｒ＝－１疲劳过程中孔洞沿界面区基体的优先萌生、联接和扩展是其损伤断裂的主要机制;并且发现Ｒ对疲劳寿命及断裂过程有明显影响,当Ｒ＝０时滑移带裂纹生长相对容易,寿命减小,而Ｒ＝∞时,裂纹集中在类似于压缩变形的宏观形变带内发展,寿命很长