Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Satellite-observed biological variability in the equatorial Pacific during the 2009–2011 ENSO cycle

The event of 2009–2011 El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) provides an opportunity to gain insight into the biological variability of the equatorial Pacific Ocean for an entire ENSO cycle with satellite and in situ observations. Even though El Niño and La Niña in general led to respectively weakened and enhanced chlorophyll-a concentration and net primary production (NPP) along the equatorial Pacific Ocean during the 2009–2011 ENSO cycle, biological responses were highly disparate along the equator and attributed to different driving mechanisms. In the eastern equatorial Pacific east of 150°E, the El Niño-La Niña biological change was in general small except for the transition period even though sea surface temperature (SST) showed over ∼5 °C drop from El Niño to La Niña. In the central-eastern (170°W–140°W) equatorial Pacific, moderate change of biological activity is attributed to the changes of thermocline driven by the eastward propagating equatorial Kelvin waves and changes of zonal currents and undercurrents. Highest biological response in this ENSO cycle was located in the central (170°E–170°W) and central-western (150°E–170°E) equatorial Pacific with quadruple chlorophyll-a concentration and over ∼400 mg C m⁻² d⁻¹ increase of NPP from El Niño in 2009 to La Niña in 2010. However, spatial pattern of ENSO biological variability as represented with NPP is not exactly the same as chlorophyll-a variability. Wind-driving mixing of nutrients and eastward advection of the oligotrophic warm pool waters are attributed to this significant biological variability in this region.     

基于边频相对能量和的柱塞泵磨损状态识别

摩擦磨损是飞机柱塞泵典型的渐进性故障,因磨损量难以直接测量,通常采用振动信号进行间接测量.磨损引起的振动信号故障特征微弱,对磨损状态进行准确地识别比较困难.针对上述问题,提出了基于谐波分量边频相对能量和的磨损状态识别方法,该方法对壳体振动信号进行Hilbert包络解调消除高频周期干扰,得到清晰的谐波分量,在各谐波分量的特定边频区间内计算最大能量与平均能量的比值并求和,将该值作为新的特征量来表征柱塞泵的不同磨损状态,利用网格法对边频区间范围寻优.结果表明,边频相对能量和相比传统的特征频率能量对磨损状态的区分度更高,适于磨损状态识别.      

飞机环境控制系统并行设计

基于飞机环境控制系统(ECS)的研制,分析了系统设计的结构层次,借助于近年来飞速发展的信息技术、设计技术、仿真技术,提出了基于系统管理-结构设计-系统仿真为一体的面向对象的系统并行设计框架.设计体系贯穿于飞机环境控制系统设计的全生命周期.      

一种新的自适应模糊控制器的设计方法

在分析现有的自适应模糊控制器不足之处的基础上,提出了一种新的自适应模糊控制器设计方法.为保证系统性能的一致性,在启动自适应模糊控制器前,采用监督控制将初始跟踪误差镇定到给定范围.自适应模糊控制器可在存在模糊逻辑系统逼近误差的情况下,使系统跟踪误差小于预先给定的任意常数.文中用仿真算例验证了本方案的有效性.      

含无质量系绳的卫星系统平面运动和常规动力学

研究绳系卫星系统在同一轨道平面内运动,由于星-母星之间相对位置向量描述,亦即由该向量的长度变化和方位角的变化而决定.在引入距离速率控制算法之后,系统的动力学主要由方位角运动而定.当母星轨道为圆形时,系统运动状态具有极限点,而在椭圆轨道下则有极限环.采用了非线性动态系统的方法和技术来计算极限状态和分析它们的稳定特性.用本文中方法对TSS-1以及其他绳系卫星系统方案作了数值模拟.     

对8mm微波衰减参数计量的探讨

随着现代武器装备的更新换代和新型导弹的不断发展以及电子战中电子对抗的应用,对导弹制导雷达的要求越来越高.由于毫米波具有制导精确度高,抗干扰能力强、穿透性能好以及携带的信息量大等独特性能,因此被广泛应用于雷达、射频天线、通讯卫星、导弹等许多尖端领域.为了确保雷达的各项参数满足武器试验的要求,保障试验任务的顺利进行,对雷达的各项参数的计量检定是十分必要的.目前,"全自动8mm微波功率标准”已经建立,但8mm微波衰减参数的计量在军内还是一项空白,而衰减量值的准确与否直接影响到武器和装备性能的好坏,影响试验任务的成败.因此,我们提出了一种对8mm微波衰减参数的计量方法,以供广大从事微波计量工作的同行参考.     

喷丸对18％Ni型超高强度钢低周疲劳性能影响

对C250型18%Ni超高强度钢（C250钢）进行铸钢丸一次喷丸（单喷）和铸钢丸+玻璃丸二次喷丸（双喷）,研究喷丸前后的表面形貌、显微组织和低周疲劳性能的变化.结果表明,单喷后C250钢低周疲劳寿命提高了接近2.5倍,而双喷后试样疲劳寿命提高3倍.喷丸表面的亚晶粒细化是提高低周疲劳性能的主要因素,二次喷丸带来的平滑化效果进一步提高了低周疲劳性能.平滑化效果减小了表面应力集中程度,使经过双喷后试样疲劳断口为单源疲劳断口,而未喷丸试样和单喷试样的低周疲劳断口呈现多源疲劳状态.     

高低温环境模拟系统MATLAB仿真研究

在MATLAB仿真软件平台上,针对高低温环境模拟系统,首先以建立系统动态仿真模型为目的,以单个设备为基本模块,以状态、质量连续、能量守恒、动量守恒等方程为基础,以MS-Function函数与封装模块为基本方法,建立了高低温环境模拟系统MATLAB仿真模型库,然后在此基础上搭建了实际系统仿真模型,最后采用MATLAB图形窗口、ActiveX数据传输技术相结合的设计方法开发了系统仿真应用软件.实践证明该方法效率高,仿真研究及所开发的系统仿真软件都具有较好的扩展性和延续性.