航空航天器配电变换器测试性设计及其仿真研究

文章首先介绍了航空航天器配电系统的组成和作用,进而指出了对配电系统进行测试性设计的实际工程意义。结合航空静止变流器为例详细论述了此类配电变换器装置的性能、组成结构和控制方法,提出了一种基于测试可控性设计以较低成本实现航空静止变流器的板级电路故障诊断方案,给出了系统故障诊断逻辑判断流程。最后搭建了航空静止变流器的仿真模型,通过详细分析变流器系统仿真结果,验证了该方案的可行性。     

Choroidal responses in microgravity. (SLS-1, SLS-2 and hindlimb-suspension experiments)

Fluid and electrolyte shifts occuring during human spaceflight have been reported and investigated at the level of blood, cardio-vascular and renal responses. Very few data were available concerning the cerebral fluid and electrolyte adaptation to microgravity, even in animal models. It is the reason why we developed several studies focused on the effects of spaceflight (SLS-1 and SLS-2 programs, carried on NASA STS 40 and 56 missions, which were 9- and 14-day flights, respectively), on structural and functional features of choroid plexuses, organs which secrete 70–90 % of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and which are involved in brain homeostasis. Rats flown aboard space shuttles were sacrificed either in space (SLS-2 experiment, on flight day 13) or 4–8 hours after landing (SLS-1 and SLS-2 experiments). Quantitative autoradiography performed by microdensitometry and image analysis, showed that lateral and third ventricle choroid plexuses from rats flown for SLS-1 experiment demonstrated an increased number (about x 2) of binding sites to natriuretic peptides (which are known to be involved in mechanisms regulating CSF production). Using electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry, we studied the cellular response of choroid plexuses, which produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain lateral, third and fourth ventricles. We demonstrated that spaceflight (SLS-2 experiment, inflight samples) induces changes in the choroidal cell structure (apical microvilli, kinocilia organization, vesicle accumulation) and protein distribution or expression (carbonic anhydrase II, water channels,…). These observations suggested a loss of choroidal cell polarity and a decrease in CSF secretion. Hindlimb-suspended rats displayed similar choroidal changes. All together, these results support the hypothesis of a modified CSF production in rats during long-term (9, 13 or 14 days) adaptations to microgravity.     

多体系统振动的传递矩阵法

本文是文献工作的继续。导得了空间运动的任意刚体的场传递矩阵，建立了多体系统振动的传递矩阵法，为多体系统振动特性的研究提供了新的理论和方法，从而有效地简化多体系统振动特性的研究，大大减小了计算工作量，并且便于解析讨论。     

线性回归模型岭迹选择主元方法及应用研究

针对线性回归模型的多重复共线性问题，在理论上，引入方差膨胀因子，从量化的角度探测线性回归模型的多重复共线性；并采用岭迹分析法对此类模型的结构辨识方法展开研究，归纳了岭迹选择主元的若干原则，并通过实际计算证实了该方法的有效性。     

预变形电场时效对1420Al-Li合金组织和性能的影响

本文研究了预变形电场时效对１４２０Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金组织和性能的影响。     

基于小波分解与分形内插相结合的地形数据压缩方法

地形匹配制导中需要使用大量的地形数据，因此有效的地形数据压缩技术是非常重要的。传统的地形数据压缩方法主要采用线性内插的方法，但这对于地形起伏较大的山区地形失真太大，不能满足高精度导航的要求。本文基于小波分解与分形内插相结合的方法，提出了一种新的地形数据压缩方法，它具有压缩比高，保真性好，解码快的特点，特别适合山区地形数据的压缩。     

Effect of fluid and salt supplements in preventing the development of "osteopenia" in hypokinetic rats

It has been suggested that a daily intake of fluid and salt supplements may be used to prevent bone demineralization in human subjects after prolonged exposure to hypokinesia (diminished muscular activity). Thus, the objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of fluid and salt supplementation in the prevention of development of osteoporosis in 64 Wistar rats with an initial body weight of 339-345 g, after exposure to 90 days of hypokinesia. They divided into 4 equal groups: the first group of rats placed under ordinary vivarium conditions and served as vivarium control; the second group were also placed under ordinary vivarium conditions but received daily fluid and salt supplements; the third group were subjected to pure hypokinesia, i.e. without the use of any preventive measures; and the fourth group were submitted to hypokinesia and received daily fluid and salt supplements. For the simulation of the hypokinetic effect the experimental group of rats were kept in small, individual, wooden cages. Through the experimental period the second and fourth group of rats received 8 ml/100 g body wt water and 5 ml 100 g body wt NaCl daily. By the end of the experimental period the animals were decapitated and the spongy matter of tibia and vertebrae of the rats were examined for changes referable to osteoporosis. It was found that the daily intake of fluid and salt supplements caused an increase in the volume density of primary spongiosa of bones. It was concluded that a daily intake of fluid and salt supplements may be used to prevent the development of osteoporosis in rats subjected to prolonged motor activity restriction.     

Changes in chromatin and nucleic acids in rat tissues after two-week spaceflight

The quantitative changes in nucleic acids and chromatin breakdown were followed in blood, thymus and spleen in rats after 14 day flights on board the biosatellites Cosmos-1887 and Cosmos-2044. Quantitative nucleic acid changes within 8-11 h after landing were only mild, most statistically non-significant. An analysis at 48 h after landing showed a marked decrease in a total content of DNA and RNA in spleen and thymus. Within 8-11 h after landing, the symptoms of chromatin breakdown were found as is seen in an increased concentration of its fragments-polydeoxyribonucleotides. The obtained results show that a partial adaptation to microgravity occurs up to flight day 14 in lymphoid organs. Adaptation is accompanied with a reappearing of the sensitive cells. Their chromatin breaks down, then, in a final phase of flight due to hypergravity stress manifesting itself by a temporary increase in polydeoxyribonucleotide concentration several hours after landing. The results are discussed in relation to the changes in chosen parameters after shorter or more prolonged flights.     

压控振荡器品质因数与其相位噪声的关系

讨论了压控振荡器的相位噪声与其品质因数的关系,某实际压控振荡器的相噪测试结果验证了经理论推导的相位噪声谱的正确性。     

关于薄膜反射镜成形机理的研究

聚酰亚胺薄膜反射镜是近几年发展起来的新概念。以Karman方程为基础讨论了薄膜反射镜的成型原理，分析了外载荷对薄膜反射镜面型的影响；给出了非线性耦合Karman方程的求解方法；以一种聚酰亚胺圆薄膜为例，用有限元法对Karman方程进行了数值求解，用zemike多项式拟合方法得到了圆薄膜在外载荷作用下的近似解析解，证明了把Karman方程解析解表示为多项式的合理性；用有限元法得到的不同外载荷作用下的薄膜的变形分析证明了通过控制外载荷的加载方式和载荷强度可以控制薄膜反射镜的面形，改善反射镜像差。