“神舟八号”飞船γ源高度控制装置安装工具和方法的改进

1γ源高度控制装置功能＂神舟＂系列飞船返回舱在进入大气层时,通过静压高度控制器判定离地面高度,并自动打开伞舱盖,带出引导伞,引导伞再拉出减速伞;同时,航天员的缓冲座椅升起。在距地1.2m时,由安装在返回舱底部的γ源高度控制装置,通过向地面发射和接收经由地面散射的γ射线确定返回舱离地面高度,发出控制指令,启动返回舱的4个反推发动机点火工作,产生反向推力,使返回舱速度降到2 m/s以下。     

基于单边带OOFDM的TDM/WDM-PON

文章首次提出了基于单边带光正交频分复用（OOFDM）的TDM/WDM-PON方案并建立了一个通道的系统模型。下行采用80Gbit/s的单边带OFDM信号,节约WDM通道带宽资源,减小色散的影响,OLT调整各ONU的子载波个数即可实现动态带宽分配。上行采用20Gbit/s的NRZ信号。利用半导体光放大器（SOA）的增益饱和特性实现了ONU的无色管理。对系统模型进行了仿真,并对结果进行了分析。     

GPS/INS超紧耦合方法及其应用分析

超紧耦合是GPS/INS组合导航系统的最新研究方向,它采用INS测得的载体动态信息辅助GPS接收机跟踪环路,消除卫星信号中由于载体与卫星之间相对运动所产生的频率偏移,提高接收机在高动态环境下载波跟踪性能,同时还可以压缩带宽,有效增强接收机抗干扰性能。介绍GPS/INS超紧耦合技术,给出INS辅助GPS载波跟踪环路结构图和相应的数学模型,分析INS辅助GPS跟踪环路在动态环境下的动态残留及其对环路相位误差的影响,并进行了模型仿真,最后对仿真结果进行了验证分析。仿真结果显示,辅助动态残留及其导致的环路相位误差的大小与加加速度、环路辅助时间间隔成正比。     

LEO卫星通信系统模糊逻辑动态位置区方案

文章在基于自主定位的动态位置区方案的基础上提出了模糊逻辑动态位置区方案,通过对用户在给定时间内运动模式的判定来动态改变用户的更新半径,并仿真比较了用户在不同初始更新半径下两种方案的更新和寻呼开销,以及用户在不同模糊逻辑统计时间下的更新和寻呼开销。仿真结果表明用户在该方案下的位置管理总开销相对于普通动态位置区有了明显的降低,提高了位置管理效率。     

先进战斗机纵向飞行特性与放宽静稳定度研究

放宽静稳定度在先进战斗机设计领域已获得广泛应用,与其相关的主动控制技术仍有进一步研究的价值,需要对放宽静稳定度对飞机纵向飞行性能的影响进行更全面的分析。以重心后移作为放宽静稳定度的方式,分析放宽静稳定度与某型战斗机俯仰力矩系数的关系,构建战斗机非线性模型并进行开环特性分析,在此基础上,分析放宽静稳定度对飞机运行平衡点的影响机理,对战斗机非线性模型进行线性化,并分析放宽静稳定度对飞机纵向线性模型阶跃响应特性和长短周期模态特性的影响。结果表明：放宽静稳定度可增大战斗机的俯仰力矩系数,提高飞机性能,但可能会使飞机本体模态特性变差,需要在设计控制率时予以考虑。     

Research on failure criterion of composite based on unified macro- and micro-mechanical model

A new unified macro- and micro-mechanics failure analysis method for composite structures was developed in order to take the effects of composite micro structure into consideration. In this method, the macro stress distribution of composite structure was calculated by commercial finite element analysis software. According to the macro stress distribution, the damage point was searched and the micro-stress distribution was calculated by reformulated finite-volume direct averaging micromechanics (FVDAM), which was a multi-scale finite element method for composite. The micro structure failure modes were estimated with the failure strength of constituents. A unidirectional composite plate with a circular hole in the center under two kinds of loads was analyzed with the traditional macro-mechanical failure analysis method and the unified macro- and micro-mechanics failure analysis method. The results obtained by the two methods are consistent, which show this new method’s accuracy and efficiency.     

通气位置对潜射航行体流体动力特性影响分析

基于均质平衡流理论,通过求解混合介质的RANS方程、SST湍流输运方程和各相之间的质量输运方程,开展了通气位置对潜射航行体流体动力特性影响的三维数值模拟研究,对比分析了不同通气位置条件下空泡形态特性、表面压力分布以及阻力变化特性.结果表明:当两个通气口间距增加到一定值后,在两个通气口之间区域空泡发生断裂,在断裂区域迎流面和背流面表面压力值升高,且在空泡断裂闭合位置出现压力峰值;在相同通气量条件下,随着通气口间距的增大,压差阻力系数和粘性阻力系数均呈减小趋势变化.     

The microbial habitability of weathered volcanic glass inferred from continuous sensing techniques

Basaltic glasses (hyaloclastite) are a widespread habitat for life in volcanic environments, yet their interior physical conditions are poorly characterized. We investigated the characteristics of exposed weathered basaltic glass from a surface outcrop in Iceland, using microprobes capable of continuous sensing, to determine whether the physical conditions in the rock interior are hospitable to microbial life. The material provided thermal protection from freeze-thaw and rapid temperature fluctuations, similar to data reported for other rock types. Water activity experiments showed that at moisture contents less than 13% wet weight, the glass and its weathering product, palagonite, had a water activity below levels suitable for bacterial growth. In pore spaces, however, these higher moisture conditions might be maintained for many days after a precipitation event. Gas exchange between the rock interior and exterior was rapid (< 10 min) when the rocks were dry, but when saturated with water, equilibration took many hours. During this period, we demonstrated the potential for low oxygen conditions within the rock caused by respiratory stimulation of the heterotrophic community within. These conditions might exist within subglacial environments during the formation of the rocks or in micro-environments in the interior of exposed rocks. The experiments showed that microbial communities at the site studied here could potentially be active for 39% of the year, if the depth of the community within the outcrop maintains a balance between access to liquid water and adequate protection from freezing. In the absence of precipitation, the interior of weathered basaltic glass is an extreme and life-limiting environment for microorganisms on Earth and other planets.     

薄壁铸件基准面加工工装改进

针对薄壁铸件精基准面机械加工精度低、变形大的问题,分析了工装改进的原因,对工装的主要结构进行了改进,并以实例辅助说明,改进后的工装应用效果良好。     

含缺陷结构非概率可靠性分析方法研究

将基于分段描述的结构非概率可靠性模型引入含缺陷结构的可靠性分析,结合断裂判据,并用分段描述模型刻画未确知变量,实现了非概率的断裂力学分析,克服了概率断裂力学方法对原始数据要求高的局限和未确知信息区间均匀分布模型过于保守的缺陷,有效解决了含裂纹结构在小样本、贫信息场合的可靠性评定问题.通过算例,对文中方法的可行性和有效性...