飞机跑道荷载响应深度变化规律

针对目前刚性道面未考虑道面结构参数、起落架机型及滑跑速度与响应深度之间关系的现状,借助ANSYS软件建立45m×15m×10m的有限元模型,计算了8种面层厚度、6种面层模量、5种基层厚度、5种基层模量和5种土基模量下B737-800动荷载的响应深度,并类比另4种机型的计算结果,分析了起落架构型对结果的影响;同时形成了B737-800起飞过程中响应深度的动态变化曲线.研究结果表明,响应深度随面层厚度、面层模量、基层厚度与基层模量的增大呈线性减小趋势,随土基模量的增大而增大,两者关系服从二次函数,且土基模量对响应深度最为敏感;同时起落架构型对响应深度也有较大贡献;飞机起飞过程中,响应深度呈先小幅增加而后迅速减小的非线性变化.研究结果为机场道面结构参数的选取和场道维护提供了理论依据和参考.      

基于SIFT,K-Means和LDA的图像检索算法

图像检索一直是信息检索领域的难题。提出了一种基于尺度不变特征变换（SIFT,Scale Invariant Feature Transform）,K-Means和潜在狄利克雷分布（LDA,Latent Dirichlet Allocation）的图像检索算法。算法主要分为两个阶段。预备工作得到分类完成的图库、概率分配参数表和基本词库;实现检索是在预备工作的基础上归类测试图片,然后在该类下搜索最相似图片。对比传统的基于文本或内容的检索方法,该算法在检索之前将图片库中所有图片按其本身特征进行自动分类,取代人工标注图像信息的过程,同时由于整个算法完全基于图像特征,故此方法不会引入人工因素的干扰。实验结果表明,该算法能够较为准确地将要检索的图片归为图片库对应的类别中,有效地提高图像检索效率。     

Groebner基方法在LEO卫星网络路由优化中的应用

卫星网络中的服务质量(QoS,Quality of Service)多目标约束路由问题已被证明是一个非确定性多项式完全(NPC,Non-deterministic Polynomial Complete)问题.根据低轨(LEO,Low Earth Orbit)卫星网络拓扑变化有规律、可预知的特点,将Groebner基方法引入满足QoS多目标约束的路由算法中,应用算法前将QoS多目标约束问题转化为单目标约束问题,使它能够被多项式的最短路径优先(SPF,Shortest Path First)路由算法求解,从而通过Groebner基方法解决QoS多目标约束路由问题,保证了QoS参数的有效性.最后,将所提出的算法与启发式算法和最短路径优先算法进行了仿真比较.仿真实验结果表明,Groebner基方法有效降低了星上计算的难度,比传统方法能提供更好的QoS保证.     

基于ADRC的涡轴发动机／直升机子系统抗扰控制

主要研究涡轴发动机转速抗扰控制问题,提出了一种基于自抗扰控制技术(ADRC,Adaptive Disturbance Rejection Control)的涡轴发动机增量型串级抗扰控制器设计方法.一方面,采用串级控制结构,内环控制块模态的燃气涡轮转速,外环控制功率涡轮转速,使得内环扰动得到快速抑制.另一方面,每个子回路中通过扩张状态量观测实时地对被控对象内环进行扰动补偿.最后,基于直升机/发动机非线性综合仿真模型的数字仿真表明该控制方法显著改善了涡轴发动机功率跟随特性,提升了直升机/涡轴发动机综合闭环系统的可操控极限.     

Imaging interplanetary CMEs at radio frequency from solar polar orbit

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent a great concentration of mass and energy input into the lower corona. They have come to be recognized as the major driver of physical conditions change in the Sun–Earth system. Consequently, observations of CMEs are important for understanding and ultimately predicting space weather conditions. This paper discusses a proposed mission, the Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) mission, which will observe the propagation of interplanetary CMEs to distances of near 0.35 AU from the Sun. The orbit of SPORT is an elliptical solar polar orbit. The inclination angle between the orbit and ecliptic plane should be about 90°. The main payload on board SPORT will be an imaging radiometer working at the meter wavelength band (radio telescope), which can follow the propagation of interplanetary CMEs. The images that are obtained by the radio telescope embody the brightness temperature of the objectives. Due to the very large size required for the antenna aperture of the radio telescope, we adopt interferometric imaging technology to reduce it. Interferometric imaging technology is based on indirect spatial frequency domain measurements plus Fourier transformation. The SPORT spacecraft will also be equipped with a set of optical and in situ measurement instruments such as a EUV solar telescope, a solar wind ion instrument, an energetic particle detector, a magnetometer, a wave detector and a solar radio burst spectrometer.     

规则图像特征的标准互相关相似函数

利用标准互相关算子对机器视觉领域常用的十字图像特征进行匹配运算,发现相似函数在峰值区域的分布特征为4个互相对称的双曲面.受此启发,对规则几何图像特征(如矩型、圆型等)的标准互相关相似函数展开了研究.以图像特征概率分布的形式给出了NCCO算子在二值图像匹配下的相似函数计算式.推导并证明了矩型、圆型等典型图像特征相似函数在峰值点区域具有确定的数学模型.基于上述数学模型,在微装配显微视觉系统上进行了实验验证,对模板优化、图像特征的尺寸等优化方法进行了探讨.上述结论对图像定位、图像标定、图像跟踪等技术研究具有实用价值.      

Leaf proteomic analysis of three rice heritable mutants after seed space flight

To explore the proteomic changes of heritable variant rice plants induced by space environment, three mutants were selected after seed space flight by comparing the phenotypes with their on-ground controls. R955 grew more tillers and became dwarf, 971-5 acquired higher grain yield and better stress resistance, 974-5 matured earlier. Leaf proteins were extracted during the tiller development and analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE). More than 300 proteins were detected as reproducible Coomassie Brilliant Blue stained spots with pI values from around 4.0 to 7.0. Five proteins that changed significantly over the controls were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The main functions of these proteins were photosynthesis, stress defense and metabolism including RuBisCO activase, glycine rich RNA binding protein, peroxidase, triosephosphate isomerase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, which might be probably associated with the altered phenotypes. Quantitative analyses were also applied: less total protein spots and more down-regulated protein spots were detected in the mutants, indicating there might be a major loss of protein in heritable variant rice plants after seed space flight. These results may provide new insights to understand the biological effects of space environment to rice.     

多敏感器联邦SSUKF融合姿态确定算法

针对四元数姿态估计问题,提出了一种分布式非线性滤波融合结构。通过引入基于超球面分布采样点变换(SSUT)技术的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法(SSUKF),以较低的计算量实现了高数据更新率、高精度的非线性滤波,并通过融合重构,保障系统无间断可靠工作,不受敏感器故障、视场盲区等因素影响。应用该算法对陀螺、磁强计、太阳敏感器、星敏感器构成的系统进行了具体设计并开展仿真研究,验证了算法的有效性。     

已知初始匹配对的图像四元松弛匹配算法

提出了已知初始匹配对的四元松弛匹配算法,该算法以向量旋转角的旋转和缩放不变性特征作为匹配对的优化准则,首先计算向量旋转角度差值,然后通过构造支持度函数和剔除策略选出最优匹配对.在初始错误匹配比例较高和游动误差较大的情况下能够实现正确匹配.通过大量图像实验证明,该算法在匹配速度和正确率上优于桑农松弛匹配算法.     

火星尘埃与探测

火星表面尘埃与太阳辐射、热辐射的相互作用直接影响火星大气的结构、热平衡和动力学过程,并会产生改变火星表面反照率和火星地貌的长期效应.火星尘埃环境还对登陆于火星表面的着陆器能源系统和光学载荷等系统构成影响.为此需开展火星大气尘埃的直接就位探测.在介绍了火星的尘埃特性与主要探测方法基础上,提出了采用微质量计技术开展火星表面尘埃就位探测的综合探测器方案.探测器包含3种传感器.尘埃累积传感器通过设置其敏感晶体表面朝上,可以探测火星表面尘埃的沉积质量与速率;荷电尘埃传感器通过加置不同极性的偏置电压,可以探测荷正电尘埃和荷负电尘埃的累积特性;磁尘传感器通过在敏感晶体后加设小型永久磁铁,可以探测磁性尘埃的累积特性.传感器感测质量范围为10^-11~10^-4g.火星尘埃综合探测器可应用于未来的火星着陆探测计划.