Microstructure evolution of a hypereutectic Nb–Ti–Si–Cr–Al–Hf alloy processed by directional solidification

In this work, the Nb–14Si–24Ti–10Cr–2Al–2Hf–0.1Y alloy(at.%) was processed by the liquid–metal-cooled directional solidification(DS) at 1750 C with withdrawal rates of 1.2, 6,18 mm/min and post heat treatment(HT) at 1450 C for 10 h. The microstructures of the directionally solidified and heat treated samples were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified alloy mainly consists of petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics and Ti-rich Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics. With the increase of withdrawal rate, the primary Nb5Si3is eliminated, Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectic cells turn round and connected with the microstructure refinement and Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics turn to a river-like morphology. After heat treatment,Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics disappeared and petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics turn to a specific fiber-mesh structure gradually, which is promoted by higher withdrawal rates. Furthermore,both the volume fraction of Cr2Nb and the content of Cr in Nbssof Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics change regularly with the increase of withdrawal rate and heat treatment at 1450 C for 10 h.     

Grinding behavior and surface appearance of（TiC_p＋ TiB_w）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites

（TiCp＋ TiBw）/Ti-6Al-4V titanium matrix composites（PTMCs） have broad application prospects in the aviation and nuclear field. However, it is a typical difficult-to-cut material due to high hardness of the reinforcements, high strength and low thermal conductivity of Ti-6Al-4V alloy matrix. Grinding experiments with vitrified CBN wheels were conducted to analyze comparatively the grinding performance of PTMCs and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Grinding force and force ratios, specific grinding energy, grinding temperature, surface roughness, ground surface appearance were discussed. The results show that the normal grinding force and the force ratios of PTMCs are much larger than that of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Low depth of cut and high workpiece speed are generally beneficial to achieve the precision ground surface for PTMCs. The hard reinforcements of PTMCs are mainly removed in the ductile mode during grinding. However, the removal phenomenon of the reinforcements due to brittle fracture still exists, which contributes to the lower specific grinding energy and grinding temperature of PTMCs than Ti-6Al-4V alloy.     

薄膜冷却射流的水模拟显示

本文通过水模拟实验,对涡轮叶片气膜冷却时射流的流场进行了研究。实验是在不同的攻角和不同的密流比下进行的。实验结果表明,当攻角一定时,密流比增加到某一数值后,薄膜不再是稳定的而是变成一群“旋涡串”。这种“旋涡串”的出现将大大削弱薄膜冷却的保护作用,故在设计时应竭力避免。本文还对“旋涡串”的出现机理作了初步分析,并根据实验结果提出了相应的经验公式。     

复合材料修理技术研究

国内先进复合材料在飞机上的应用研究已上了一个新台阶,而复合材料修理技术的研究,相关技术标准或规范建立工作却相对滞后.大量复合材料部件在生产﹑使用和维护过程中,不可避免地会发生结构缺陷或损伤,必须进行及时修理以减少生产中部件的报废率,提高部件使用完好率,在保证安全的同时,降低复合材料使用成本.因此,复合材料构件修理问题的重要性便凸现出来.为了了解目前国内外复合材料修理技术的现状,在这重点介绍了美国空军于70年代起在复合材料修理技术领域的一些研究情况及国内在这方面的研究进展及趋势.     

涡轮叶片复合冷却的实验研究

按照涡轮叶片复合冷却的全过程 ,本文由三部分组成。首先 ,研究了冲击射流对复合冷却叶片前缘内壁的冲击—对流冷却 ,从而整理出在驻点处的内换热系数经验公式以及沿前缘内壁的换热系数变化规律。其次 ,研究了由于从气膜孔喷出的射流引起的气膜冷却效果在不同的吹风比下沿前缘外壁的变化规律。第三 ,由于气膜射流对主流的扰动作用 ,造成了传热的强化 ,由此 ,本文整理出一组局部外换热系数的经验关系式     

主动式电液伺服加载系统的分析和实验研究

建立了阀控非对称缸主动式电液伺服加载系统的数学模型,设计了复合校正的控制策略,并作了仿真和实验研究 。     

航天器交会对接地面综合验证技术研究进展

为短时间内在有限的几次飞行试验中突破并掌握交会对接技术,通过对地面验证试验的需求分析与整合,规划和设计了一系列系统级综合试验;采用局部模拟与整体模拟相结合、单一环境与综合环境相结合、试验与仿真相结合等方法开展了系统级验证试验,获得了大量的试验数据;并应用多种数据评估技术对试验数据进行了统计分析,提高了试验数据的有效性。这些工作的开展为交会对接的地面验证试验技术进一步发展打下了坚实的基础。     

Review on monolayer CBN superabrasive wheels for grinding metallic materials

A state-of-the-art review on monolayer electroplated and brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) superabrasive wheels for grinding metallic materials has been provided in this article. The fabrication techniques and mechanisms of the monolayer CBN wheels are discussed. Grain distri-bution, wheel dressing, wear behavior, and wheel performance are analyzed in detail. Sample appli-cations of monolayer CBN wheel for grinding steels, titanium alloys, and nickel-based superalloys are also provided. Finally, this article highlights opportunities for further investigation of mono-layer CBN grinding wheels.     

Interplanetary magnetic field control of plasma distribution in the polar ionosphere

We used the TEC (Total electron content) data of 5 min resolution obtained from the Madrigal database during solar-maximum winter (Nov. 6, 2000–Feb. 4, 2001) to study statistically the polar ionospheric plasma distribution response to different intensity and orientation of IMF By/Bz components. The sunlit high-density plasma extension from dayside to nightside is favored in negative IMF By and Bz conditions. With the magnitude of the negative Bz increasing, the time range corresponding to the distinct high-density extension feature expands, and the plasma density along the extension path enhances, which can be attributed to the interaction between dayside solar-produced ionization whose poleward limit is decided by terminator and convection extent mainly modulated by IMF Bz component. As for IMF By component influence on the sunlit plasma extension, the combination effect of convection and corotation electric fields is necessary to be considered.     

一种实用的归一化互相关景象匹配算法

相关匹配算法是景象匹配定位系统的核心。本文提出一种用于景象匹配定位系统的相关匹配算法，称之为归一化互相关景象匹配算法，并进行了理论分析和用真实的景象数字地图进行了大量的计算机仿真试验。试验结果表明，该算法在信噪比不小于１并且实时图大小不小于１０×１０个网格的条件下，其正确匹配概率大于９７％，圆概率误差在一个景象数字地图的网格以内，满足景象匹配定位系统的要求