电励磁双凸极无刷直流发电机电压纹波分析

在电励磁双凸极无刷直流发电机结构参数一定,电阻性负载的条件下,考虑到铁芯材料的非线性饱和特性,在二维有限元非线性分析的基础上,通过仿真定量地分析解释了励磁磁场不同时,12/8电励磁双凸极发电机相电压波形在120~180°变化的原因及变化规律,并分析了励磁磁场强弱及电枢反应对发电机输出直流电压纹波的影响及其非线性变化规律,经过实验验证了分析结果的正确性。分析所得结论为电机性能的优化设计提供了理论依据,并对励磁控制的优化具有指导作用。同时,对双凸极电动机控制方式的选择具有指导意义。     

Design of Optical and Mechanical Structure for Lunar Simulator Based on Variable Shape and Adjustable Radiance

To simulate the different lunar phases and ensure continuous adjustability of the radiant brightness, a new broad spectrum light and frosted glass were applied and designed in the optical system for lunar simulator with the shapes and radiance being able to be adjusted. According to the engineering demand and index requirements of the optical system, three major design aspects are addressed, including the high reliability and maintainability for broad-spectrum light, heat dissipation in lunar simulator for long working hours, and bearing of the main frame under different working conditions. By designing a reasonable machine structure, and through the structure itself with the matrix arrangement of 48 axial flow fans, an effectively cooling air duct is established. Deformation and temperature were calculated by the finite element software ANSYS. The results showed that the displacement deformation reached 0.33mm and stress deformation reached 0.02MPa at the temperature of 20℃; when the main frame was in the temperature field between 20℃ and 65℃, the maximum displacement deformation reached 13.30mm and maximum stress deformation is 97.90MPa, and the amount of this deformation is very small in considering of the mechanical structure dimensions and weight of the lunar simulator.     

低纬(海南)地区电离层偶发E层的潮汐类周期研究

基于低纬(海南)台站(19.5°N,109.1°E)电离层测高仪在2004年观测到的偶发E层(Es)临界频率(f₀E_s)和虚高(h'E_s)数据,利用谱分析方法,给出了中国低纬地区Es层在全年和不同季节内的短周期变化特性.对全年数据谱分析表明,Es层除具有非常强的24h周期外,还具有显著的12h和8h周期.对不同季节内两个参数的谱分析进一步表明,8h周期主要出现在f₀E_s参数的春秋分季和夏末及在h'E_s参数的几乎所有季节;6h周期主要出现在f₀E_s参数的11-12月.海南低纬Es层中具有显著的6h和8h周期特性,特别是这两个周期还能同时出现在冬季,这是以往研究中不曾发现的新结果.初步分析认为,Es层的6h和8h周期极可能是分别由1/4日和1/3日潮汐所造成的.     

基于性能可靠性约束的智能液压泵节能优化

考虑飞机飞行剖面的多变性,针对智能液压泵变压力变流量的特点,提出一种多模性能可靠性分析方法.推导2类工作模式的传递函数模型,分析智能泵性能的主要影响因素,基于累积损伤理论构建多阶段任务可靠性模型.以系统工作效率为目标函数,性能可靠性指标为约束条件,对智能泵作优化设计.最后用优化所得参数求系统在各阶段的性能可靠度,并与机载液压系统常用的恒压泵作节能对比.结果表明:提出的基于节能的智能泵性能可靠性分析方法符合系统实际工况要求,相比传统恒压泵系统,智能泵系统的平均效率可提高15.8%.     

Eliminating negative VTEC in global ionosphere maps using inequality-constrained least squares

Currently, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) are distributed unevenly around the world. Most of them are located on the mainland, while only a small part of them are scattered on some islands in the oceans. As a consequence, many unreasonable zero values (in fact negative values) appear in Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) of European Space Agency (ESA) and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) IONEX products, especially in 2008 and 2009 when the solar activities were rather quiet. To improve this situation, we directly implement non-negative physical constraints of ionosphere for global ionosphere maps (GIM) with spherical harmonic functions. Mathematically, we propose an inequality-constrained least squares method by imposing non-negative inequality constraints in the areas where negative VTEC values may occur to reconstruct GIM models. We then apply the new method to process the IGS data in 2008. The results have shown that the new algorithm efficiently eliminates the unwanted behavior of negative VTEC values, which could otherwise often be seen in the current CODE and ESA GIM products in both middle and high latitude areas of the Southern Hemisphere (45°S∼90°S) and the Northern Hemisphere (50°N∼90°N). About 64% of GPS receivers’ DCBs have been significantly improved. Finally, we compare the GIM results between with and without the inequality constraints, which has clearly shown that the GIM result with inequality constraints is significantly better than that without the inequality constraints. The inequality-constrained GIM result is also highly consistent with the final IGS products in terms of root mean squared (RMS) and mean VTEC.     

Ada动态测试中遗传算法的参数编码方法

介绍了将遗传算法应用在Ada程序结构测试中,被测单元参数按照遗传算法的运算规则进行编码的原则与方法.首先,介绍了包括枚举类型和变长数组的基本数据类型的参数编码方法.由于Ada语言允许使用动态数据结构类型的参数,如何在一个较高自动化的动态测试工具中实现对动态数据结构的自动测试,成为首要关注的问题.因此文中着重介绍了Ada程序的动态数据结构在遗传算法中的编码方法.     

面向用户的以太网可用性模型

带冲突检测的载波侦听多路访问协议(CSMA/CD)可以有效的解决竞争,提供高的吞吐量和低的延迟时间,并且成为了局域网设计中颇具吸引力的协议.基于计算机以太网CSMA/CD协议,面向用户探讨以太网可用度模型.通过定义工作站"拥塞状态"和"空闲状态",建立基于网络带宽、时隙的可用度模型.以信息成功发送概率作为衡量以太网可用性的指标.根据以太网中工作站的数量、平均字节长度、单机产生数据的速率以及单机数据重传速率对可用性影响的分析表明,随着局域网中接入的工作站的数量的增加在相同的时间内局域网的可用度将降低.随着数据产生率的升高,局域网的可用度将首先升高,当网络达到饱和后再增加数据产生率,局域网的可用度将降低.提高数据的重传率能够提高局域网的可用度.根据以上的分析,通过合理的设置网络参数,可以使局域网达到理想的可用度.      

导弹敌我识别系统中密码器设计及实现

导弹敌我识别系统的核心技术之一是询问信号与应答信号的加密传输.针对其要求密码容量大、随机性强的特点,引入了M序列,分析了其特点.利用剪接筛法和单片机设计了一个可产生并存储全部5 级M序列的密码器.给出了电路原理图,分析了其工作过程.给出了各层相交线对的产生流程图,分析了5级M序列单元电路的工作过程.完成了密码器软件和硬件的调试.密码器的容量为2048,密码长度为32.给出了密码器的序列波形及相应存储器中存储的内容,并对它们的特征进行了分析.实验结果表明所设计密码器是正确有效的.      

An improved approach to model regional ionosphere and accelerate convergence for precise point positioning

Given the severe effects of the ionosphere on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals, single-frequency (SF) precise point positioning (PPP) users can only achieve decimeter-level positioning results. Ionosphere-free combinations can eliminate the majority of ionospheric delay, but increase observation noise and slow down dual-frequency (DF) PPP convergence. In this paper, we develop a regional ionosphere modeling and rapid convergence approach to improve SF PPP (SFPPP) accuracy and accelerate DF PPP (DFPPP) convergence speed. Instead of area model, ionospheric delay is modeled for each satellite to be used as a priori correction. With the ionospheric, wide-lane uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) and residuals satellite DCBs product, the wide-lane observations for DF users change to be high-precision pseudorange observations. The validation of a continuously operating reference station (CORS) network was analyzed. The experimental results confirm that the approach considerably improves the accuracy of SFPPP. For DF users, convergence time is substantially reduced.     

被动型星载氢钟H型气体电离模型及参数优化

针对被动型星载氢钟气体电离装置低功耗、低电磁干扰的设计要求,设计了一种基于平面盘绕馈能天线的H型电离系统,并建立该电离方法的数学模型。首先,由Maxwell方程出发,推导出了电离泡中的电场和磁场的分布模型,得到气体电离机制;再由电磁场的分布方程推导出氢气击穿判据表达式,建立了气体电离条件的数学模型;最后,利用电离击穿条件判据方程优化了电离装置的设计参数。数值仿真与测试表明该模型是有效的,采用优化的设计参数可以使电离功耗和电磁干扰特性得到改善,且电离直流电源总功率可小于2W。