超精密定位中的几项相关关键技术

通过结合自已的实际工作，分别从伺服进给机构，位置检测技术，数控及伺服控制等几个方面对超精密机床的定位系统进行了说明     

微颗粒表面磁控溅射镀金属膜实验

采用磁控溅射方法,成功地在微颗粒表面沉积了金属铜膜和金属镍膜.利用光学显微镜(OM)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、多功能扫描探针显微镜(SPM)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)和光电子能谱仪(XPS)等测试仪器对其表面形貌、膜厚和组份进行了表征.重点讨论了不同的沉积条件对薄膜结晶的影响,并用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对其进行了表征.结果表明,溅射镀膜时,通过控制微颗粒的运动方式,可以在微颗粒表面镀上均匀性好、附着力强和致密性好的金属膜.溅射时间越长或溅射功率越大或装载量越少,都有利于薄膜结晶.      

自由虚拟实景空间的构造

使用基于图像的绘制技术构造虚拟实景空间是目前虚拟现实领域研究的热点. 如何扩大自由度是虚拟实景空间需要解决的关键问题.自由虚拟实景空间是能够自由操纵的 虚拟实景空间. 提出同心球拼图的方法构造自由虚拟实景空间,能满足用户在自由漫游时俯 视和仰视的需要.另外在自由虚拟实景空间中引入超链的思想,通过对虚拟空间中虚拟对象 进行有效的组织,为用户提供丰富的空间操纵能力.试验结果表明,用户在自由虚拟实景空 间中能够自由地操纵虚拟空间.      

空间材料Kapton的真空紫外与 原子氧复合效应研究

对空间常用聚合物材料Kapton开展了真空紫外辐射及其与原子氧复合效应的地面模拟试验研究,总结了试验前后试样外观、质量、表面形貌、光学参数和表面成分的变化规律,并对反应机理作了初步的分析.结果表明:在原子氧的作用下,Kapton的剥蚀主要是碳氮等元素的氧化所致.而在真空紫外辐射的作用下,Kapton表面会交联形成大分子,从而提高了试样的抗原子氧剥蚀性能.但是,随着原子氧累积通量的增大,这层大分子会逐渐被剥蚀掉,而真空紫外辐射,对Kapton的原子氧效应试验结果没有影响.      

一种鲁棒性盲水印算法

鲁棒性数字水印特别是盲水印是保护数字作品版权的重要手段.提出一种针对彩色图像的鲁棒性盲数字水印方法.该方法根据灰度图水印信号序列,结合宿主图像DCT(Discrete Cosine Transformation)系数相关性自适应地嵌入水印信号,提取水印时不需要原始宿主图像,可以批量处理,适用在Internet上检测侵权数字作品.实验结果证明该方法对JPEG有损压缩、裁减等处理操作具有较好的鲁棒性.      

复合型雷达吸波材料结构优化设计的数值计算

基于多层复合型雷达吸波材料的设计要求构造了多目标优化的模型,将基本遗传算法(SGA)改进为自适应-混合遗传算法(MAHGA),通过数值计算为多层雷达吸波材料的结构优化提供了依据,依据计算结果制备了多层复合雷达吸波材料并进行了反射率和电磁参数测试实验,实验结果与计算结果吻合较好,复合材料具有良好的吸波性能,在8~18GHz低于-10dB的带宽可达7.8GHz,最大衰减量为-34.6dB,总厚度为3.5mm。     

三维空间拦截的前置追踪变结构制导律(英文)

This article aims to develop a head pursuit （HP） guidance law for three-dimensional hypervelocity interception, so that the effect of the perturbation induced by seeker detection can be reduced. On the basis of a novel HP three-dimensional guidance model, a nonlinear variable structure guidance law is presented by using Lyapunov stability theory. The guidance law positions the interceptor ahead of the target on its tlight trajectory, and the speed of the interceptor is required to be lower than that of the target, A numerical example of maneuvering ballistic target interception verifies the rightness of the guidance model and the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Exploring for natural gas using reflectance spectra of surface soils

Reflectance spectra in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths provide a rapid and inexpensive means for determining the mineralogy of samples and obtaining information on chemical composition. Hydrocarbon microseepage theory establishes a cause-and-effect relation between oil and gas reservoirs and some special surface anomalies, which mainly include surface hydrocarbon microseepage and related alterations. Therefore, we can explore for oil, gas by determining reflectance spectra of surface anomalies. This idea has been applied to the R&D project of exploring for natural gas in Qinghai province of China using NASA EO-1 satellite with the Hyperion sensor (June 2005 to June 2006). In this project, in order to improve the accuracy of exploration targets of natural gas mapped in the field studied, an integrated practical system of exploration of oil and gas was built by the analysis of not only hyperspectral remote sensing data but also data provided from field work. In this paper, our efforts were focused on the analysis of the 799 reflectance spectra provided from the field work. In order to properly define the typical form of hydrocarbon microseepage with spectroscopy and fulfill the data analysis, it was necessary to build a spectral model. In this spectral model the most important features of hydrocarbon microseepage in the surface of our study area, i.e., diagnostic spectral macroscopic features and diagnostic spectral absorption features, were proposed and extracted, respectively. The distribution of coexisting anomalies, which results from both alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, is estimated by the diagnostic macroscopic features mainly using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classifier. On the other hand, the diagnostic absorption features of two main absorption bands presented abundant local information, based on deep analysis of which, we are able to map the anomalies of alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, respectively. Additionally, a general framework of analysis and key classification algorithms applied to the Hyperion data have been introduced briefly. In our work, three exploration targets of natural gas were identified from the study area which covers 2100 km². In the three exploration targets, three wildcats have been drilled by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) since July 2006, and all the three wells have been proven some industrial reserves.     

一种基于模糊决策的矩形目标提取算法

航空图片中的城市建筑物屋顶一般为矩形或平行四边形,能准确而快速地提取矩形,无论在军事上还是民用上都具有非常重要的意义.针对从航空图像中自动提取矩形建筑物目标的问题,提出了一种基于模糊决策的矩形目标提取方法.首先根据直线提取方法得到的直线特征集生成假设矩形空间,进而采用模糊数学方法进行证据融合得到决策信息,并对生成的假设矩形进行选择与验证,得到矩形目标结构特征.实验结果表明,该算法避免了固定阈值的设定,适应性强,鲁棒性好,有较强的实际应用价值.      

飞机电源系统整流装置故障诊断方法

某型号飞机电源系统现有的机上自检测装置由传统的硬件逻辑电路构成,存在功能扩展性差、可靠性低等缺点.为符合新一代机上自检测装置微机化、智能化的特点,在对其进行故障模式分析的基础上,采用基于小波神经网络的故障诊断方法,通过对整流装置输出电压的实测信号样本的频谱分析,获得对故障敏感的特征频率点,根据小波变换的多分辨率分析理论,确定了与特征频率点相对应的小波母函数和变换尺度.在此基础上,通过定义频带能量特征向量,将小波变换得到的小波系数转换为一组特征向量.将特征向量作为BP神经网络的前端输入,由神经网络完成故障的识别与分类.经验证,故障特征得到了有效地提取,使神经网络可在各种工况下对故障进行故障诊断,符合灵敏性、鲁棒性的要求.