现代高效切削刀具对提高制造业竞争力的重大作用

现代高效刀具作为数字化制造系统的最终执行部件,在加工中发挥着"临门一脚"的关键作用.尽管现代高效刀具的价格大大高于传统标准刀具,但由于其优良的性能,使加工质量和效率得到大幅度提高,从而使制造业劳动生产率得到提高且成本有所降低,同时获得了更大的经济效益.     

Future NASA spaceborne SAR missions

Two Earth-orbiting radar missions are planned for the near future by NASA-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and LightSAR. The SRTM will fly aboard the Shuttle using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) to provide a global digital elevation map. SRTM is jointly sponsored by NASA and the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA). The LightSAR will utilize emerging technology to reduce mass and life-cycle costs for a mission to acquire SAR data for Earth science and civilian applications and to establish commercial utility. LightSAR is sponsored by NASA and industry partners. The use of IFSAR to measure elevation is one of the most powerful and practical applications of radar. A properly equipped spaceborne IFSAR system can produce a highly accurate global digital elevation map, including cloud-covered areas, in significantly less time and at significantly lower cost than other systems. For accurate topography over a large area, the interferometric measurements can be performed simultaneously in physically separate receive systems. Since LightSAR offers important benefits to both the science community and US industry, an innovative government-industry teaming approach is being explored, with industry sharing the cost of developing LightSAR in return for commercial rights to its data and operational responsibility. LightSAR will enable mapping of surface change. The instrument's high-resolution mapping, along with its quad polarization, dual polarization, interferometric and ScanSAR modes will enable continuous monitoring of natural hazards, Earth's surface deformation, surface vegetation change, and ocean mesoscale features to provide commercially viable and scientifically valuable data products. Advanced microelectronics and lightweight materials will increase LightSAR's functionality without increasing the mass. Dual frequency L/X-band designs have been examined     

超精密定位中的几项相关关键技术

通过结合自已的实际工作，分别从伺服进给机构，位置检测技术，数控及伺服控制等几个方面对超精密机床的定位系统进行了说明     

激光测速技术(LDV)诞生50周年启示

回顾50年来激光测速技术(LDV)的发展过程,取得的主要成就,科学家和工程技术人员作出的重大贡献。LDV为流体力学的实验研究提供了有力的测试手段,开辟了对复杂流动精确、定量、动态测量研究的新篇章。     

控制受限的编队航天器鲁棒自适应控制

研究了考虑控制受限的编队航天器鲁棒自适应轨道跟踪控制问题。针对航天器编队飞行系统中控制受限、外部扰动和模型不确定性的情况,利用反步控制方法和指令滤波设计提出了一种鲁棒自适应控制策略。指令滤波器用于补偿控制受限对于控制器的影响,同时设计了自适应律对未知参数进行估计,并且利用Lyapunov稳定性理论分析了闭环系统的渐近稳定性。和滑模控制等传统鲁棒控制不同,所设计的鲁棒自适应控制器是连续的,更便于航天器编队飞行系统的实现。仿真结果表明所设计的控制器既能实现高精度的编队飞行跟踪控制,又能保证控制受限的要求。     

Surface latent heat flux anomalies quasi-synchronous with ionospheric disturbances before the 2007 Pu’er earthquake in China

One of various mechanisms of pre-earthquake lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling as possible explanation of the seismo-ionospheric effects is connected with the release of latent heat. Abnormal variations of ionospheric electromagnetic parameters possibly related to the 2007 Ms 6.4 Pu’er earthquake in China were reported. This paper attempts to examine whether there were abnormal changes of surface latent heat flux (SLHF) linked with this pre-earthquake ionospheric disturbances. The spatio-temporal statistical analyzes of multi-years SLHF data from USA NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project reveal that local SLHF enhancements appeared 11, 10 and 7 days before the Pu’er earthquake, respectively. As contrasted to the formerly reported local ionospheric Ne enhancement 9 days before the shock observed by DEMETER satellite, it is discovered that the SLHF and Ne anomalies are quasi-synchronous and have good spatial correspondence with the epicentre and the local active faults. This is valuable for understanding the seismogenic coupling processes and for recognizing earthquake anomaly with multiple parameters from integrated Earth observation system.     

一种拦截机动目标的多导弹协同制导律

针对多导弹协同拦截一个机动目标问题,基于有限时间一致性理论提出了一种带有攻击角约束的多导弹协同制导律。首先建立了带有攻击角约束的多导弹协同制导模型。其次,把协同制导律的设计过程分离为两个部分：一是基于有限时间一致性,同时结合积分滑模和自适应控制设计沿着视线方向上的加速度指令,保证所有的导弹能够在有限时间内同时拦截机动目标;二是利用非齐次干扰观测器并运用滑模控制设计视线法向上的加速度指令来保证每枚导弹与目标间的视线角速率收敛到零和视线角收敛到期望的视线角。最后,对三枚导弹同时打击同一机动目标的情况进行仿真,仿真结果表明该设计的带有攻击角约束的协同制导律的有效性和正确性。     

具有初始随机材料缺陷的非晶合金剪切带模拟

基于自由体积理论建立了以自由体积为内部参量的非晶合金本构模型,并通过ABAQUS UMAT子程序将之在有限元模拟中实现.以初始自由体积为材料缺陷参量,通过FORTRAN子程序抽取随机数及匹配单元编号的方法定义了初始随机材料缺陷.采用平面应变模型模拟了具有初始随机材料缺陷的非晶合金剪切带的形成和扩展过程,结果表明:自由体积局部增加会造成形变局部化,继而形成剪切带,并且剪切带的成核、形成和扩展会松弛周围应变和自由体积.数值模拟能有效捕捉非晶合金剪切带主要特征,其结果符合实验观察和自由体积理论预测.     

玄武岩纤维/ 酚醛树脂复合材料界面结合机理

分别用浓度为0.8wt%和1.0wt%的KH550硅烷偶联剂处理玄武岩纤维布,并制作成玄武岩纤维增强酚醛树脂(PF-BFRP)。经过力学检测和SEM的分析结果表明:0.8wt%组复合材料力学性能略高于1.0%组,且该组纤维表面的树脂附着层较厚且分布均匀,单根纤维表面的树脂附着量较多。根据FTIR结果的分析,推测出复合界面新形成的化学键为C—N—C和C—O—Si。树脂中苯酚与纤维表面的氨基、硅醇基分别形成了C—N—C键、C—O—Si键。XPS测试证实了0.8wt%组C—O—Si键的峰面积比大于1.0wt%组,说明0.8wt%组复合材料具有更好的界面性能。