蚁群算法的改进设计及在航迹规划中的应用

将蚁群算法与人工势场算法相结合，提出了一种新的寻优算法。在算法的设计过程中，首先引入人工势场法进行蚁群算法初始信息素的分配，避免了在迭代初始阶段，信息素太少与启发信息不成比例而使得蚂蚁集中在启发信息最强的路径上，从而陷入局部最优的问题。其次，通过引入势场引导函数改进蚁群算法的状态转移函数，避免了在三维空间中蚂蚁搜索容易忽视节点周围障碍物因素，从而陷入盲目选择导致搜索时间过长的问题。将优化算法应用于无人机三维航迹规划问题的求解，并通过仿真验证了有效性。     

Satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning using BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 multi-frequency signals

To realize the smooth transition from regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) to the global one (BDS-3), the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3 is important for providing continuous, stable and reliable positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services for global users. This work used 154 globally distributed multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) experiment stations spanning 30 days to analyze the satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning (UC-PPP) under current BDS-2 and BDS-3 constellations. We focused on three issues: the influence of BDS-3 receiver tracking abilities, the positioning performance among different areas, and the benefit of multi-frequency observations. The results show that the elliptical zone caused by poor BDS-2 satellite visibility is disappeared when the evenly distributed BDS-3 medium earth orbit satellites are introduced. When BDS-3 are integrated with BDS-2, the area with the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) less than 2 can be expanded to 75° S-75° N and 30° E-150° W. The positioning performance of BDS-3 and BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP are seriously affected by the receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3 signals. When the maximum pseudo-random noise sequences (PRNs) of BDS-3 satellites tracked by stations are within 30 or 37, the positioning accuracy of static UC-PPP can be improved by 22.94% or 8.27% due to the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3. Besides, the most improvement of BDS-2 and BDS-3 integration is achieved in Asia-Pacific regions, especially for the kinematic UC-PPP or the poor receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3. Similar to the multi-frequency BDS-2 UC-PPP, the benefit of multi-frequency signals for BDS-3 or BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP is also non-vital. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy of BDS-2/BDS-3 multi-frequency UC-PPP in static mode and kinematic mode are 2.24 cm and 5.39 cm, while the corresponding convergence time are 49.62 min and 73.80 min, respectively. Compared with BDS-2, both the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of BDS-2/BDS-3 joint UC-PPP are improved by approximately over 50%, which indicates that BDS-3 has a great potential to provide high-quality PNT services as other global navigation satellite systems.     

一种便携式实时数据采集系统的设计与实现

概述了MATLAB生成.NET动态链接库的方法和使用中的注意事项。研究了基于FT232H接口芯片的便携式数据采集系统的实现原理。实现了无源、有源传感器和交流、直流耦合方式的四种组合方式的自由选择,并结合.NET平台界面编程的优势和MATLAB数据处理的优势,在SPI接口40Mbps速率下完成了数据实时传输、处理和存储的测试。对无线实时传输等相关应用研究有一定借鉴意义。     

空间核反应堆安全分析

空间核反应堆是空间能源的重要候选方案,其寿命长、功率大、结构紧凑,但其特有的中子学特性、与传统快堆迥异的设计方案对堆芯安全分析提出了挑战。本文以热管型空间堆为例,首先基于蒙特卡洛方法对空间堆在水淹和沙埋事故工况下,进行了稳态中子学计算分析,结果表明:堆芯在事故工况下不会重返临界。同时,基于瞬态多物理分析程序TMACS,进行了单根控制鼓旋转瞬态过程计算。结果表明:空间堆在热工反馈和热膨胀反馈的多物理耦合下,在特定的瞬态过程中能够保持功率稳定,满足安全要求。     

A new method for improving the performance of an ionospheric model developed by multi-instrument measurements based on artificial neural network

There are remarkable ionospheric discrepancies between space-borne (COSMIC) measurements and ground-based (ionosonde) observations, the discrepancies could decrease the accuracies of the ionospheric model developed by multi-source data seriously. To reduce the discrepancies between two observational systems, the peak frequency (foF2) and peak height (hmF2) derived from the COSMIC and ionosonde data are used to develop the ionospheric models by an artificial neural network (ANN) method, respectively. The averaged root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of COSPF (COSMIC peak frequency model), COSPH (COSMIC peak height model), IONOPF (Ionosonde peak frequency model) and IONOPH (Ionosonde peak height model) are 0.58 MHz, 19.59 km, 0.92 MHz and 23.40 km, respectively. The results indicate that the discrepancies between these models are dependent on universal time, geographic latitude and seasons. The peak frequencies measured by COSMIC are generally larger than ionosonde’s observations in the nighttime or middle-latitudes with the amplitude of lower than 25%, while the averaged peak height derived from COSMIC is smaller than ionosonde’s data in the polar regions. The differences between ANN-based maps and references show that the discrepancies between two ionospheric detecting techniques are proportional to the intensity of solar radiation. Besides, a new method based on the ANN technique is proposed to reduce the discrepancies for improving ionospheric models developed by multiple measurements, the results indicate that the RMSEs of ANN models optimized by the method are 14–25% lower than the models without the application of the method. Furthermore, the ionospheric model built by the multiple measurements with the application of the method is more powerful in capturing the ionospheric dynamic physics features, such as equatorial ionization, Weddell Sea, mid-latitude summer nighttime and winter anomalies. In conclusion, the new method is significant in improving the accuracy and physical characteristics of an ionospheric model based on multi-source observations.     

Statistical seismo-ionospheric precursors of M7.0+ earthquakes in Circum-Pacific seismic belt by GPS TEC measurements

The Circum-Pacific seismic belt is the region heavily affected by earthquakes in the world. The relationship between earthquake (e.g., the geographic location, occurrence time, magnitude, and focal depth) and ionospheric anomalies in the belt was investigated using 100 M7.0+ earthquakes during 2006–2015. The ground-based GPS measurements and global ionosphere map (GIM) data were used for the analyses of the ionospheric variations preceding the earthquakes. The results indicated that the occurrence rate of total electron content (TEC) anomalies was proportional to the magnitude and inversely proportional to the focal depth to a certain degree, and the occurrence frequency of anomalies had a rising trend with the days getting close to the main shock. The occurrence rate of TEC anomalies in the Southern hemisphere was larger than that in the Northern hemisphere. Besides, the spatial characteristics of TEC anomalies showed that the anomalies in low-middle latitudes did not coincide with the epicenter, sometimes the anomalies were also observed in the corresponding conjugated region. However, the TEC anomalies in the high latitude usually appeared around the epicenter and within the seismogenic zone while no TEC anomalies appeared in the conjugated area. These results may have potential applications to the earthquake prediction in the Circum-Pacific seismic belt.     

飞机综合电子技术信息系统(IETIS)研究与实践

针对我国航空产业跨越式发展的背景下对提高飞机综合保障效率和客户服务水平的迫切需要,提出了ASD S1000D标准下飞机IETIS的系统结构和基本功能,并针对实现这些功能的四个关键技术进行了研究。最后,通过研发实践对这些关键技术进行了应用验证。     

新媒体时代青年飞行员思想建设探索

新媒体时代,微信、微博等微叙事平台成为了青年人获取信息的主要途径。如何利用新媒体做好青年飞行员思想建设工作,是各航空公司研究的主要课题之一。本文通过分析新媒体对青年飞行员的影响,提出依托微叙事平台对青年飞行员开展思想教育的方式、方法,并通过列举具体事例论证了该方法的可行性和先进性,对如何开展青年飞行员乃至当代青年思想教育工作具有重要意义。     

防空反导一体化作战体系研究

着眼现代高技术条件下的空防对抗,分析了一体化空袭体系的威胁,研究了区域防空反导一体化作战体系及其五个组成部分,并给出了地空导弹防空反导一体化建设对策建议。