基于星间测距的卫星自主导航中异常值剔除方法

在星间观测值数据传输中,由于种种因素有个别值与其他值截然不同,对定轨精度造成了严重的影响,必须对这些违反测量过程规律的异常测量值进行剔除。提出一种运用轨道积分器与设定随时间实时变化的门限值对星间距离观测值进行异常值剔除的方法。仿真结果表明,这种异常值剔除方法能够成功剔除观测误差大于等于180m的异常值,较精确、实时地剔除了对定轨结果影响较大的异常值,在卫星导航领域具有一定的应用价值。     

Lunar lander's three-dimensional translation and yaw rotation motion estimation during a descent phase using optical navigation

Optical navigation for a lunar lander consists of estimating a lander's 3-dimensional (3-D) relative dynamic motion with respect to a preselected landing site using a passive 2-dimensional (2-D) video image sequence. Lunar landing missions require a lander to perform an autonomous accurate landing with simple mechanical structure, easy operation and low cost. These requirements have motivated the need to develop an advanced navigation system. Existing navigation systems trade-off simplicity, accuracy and cost. High accuracy navigation systems typically imply complexity and high cost. In this paper, we consider a scenario where the descending phase starts from an initial altitude of 10 km with a time-of-descent of 100 s. The navigation camera is an off-the-shelf optical instrument used to take the video image sequence of the landing site during the landing phase. It is fed into the motion estimation algorithm to be processed. The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used to analyse each image frame of the input digital video image sequence. The output is a 2-D video image motion trajectory map, which represents the projection motion of the landing site. The 2-D video image motion is projected back to the 3-D lander's relative motion based on a geometric analysis. The outputs of this estimation algorithm are the 3-D attitude motion parameters of the lander at a time corresponding to an image being taken. The attitude determination and control system (ADCS) of the lander uses these data to perform the lander's attitude control task. In this article, we provide the motion modelling for a lunar lander during the descending phase. The projection of a 3-D planar to 2-D image plane is analysed which build the correspondence between the 3-D lander's motion and the 2-D image motion. This link provides the evidence for the geometry analysis. CWT is reviewed and CWT for video image sequence analysis is also introduced. Numerical simulation of the estimated 2-D video image sequence under the lander performing a 3-D translation and yaw rotation during the terminal descent are shown to verify the proposed concepts. The analysis of the results show that the proposed method achieves highly accurate 2-D video image motion estimation of less then 1% error with significant savings of cost, mass and volume. It leads to the accurate estimation of the lander's 3-D relative motion with respect to the landing site.     

深空通信中延迟否定确认型CFDP的延时估算

根据深空通信的通信环境和长距离传输协议的时延,分析了空间数据系统咨询委员会(CCSDS)高级在轨系统中延迟否定确认信息型文件传输协议(CFDP)的文件传输机理,给出了应用此协议时延时的计算方法.仿真分析了影响延时的误码率、传输速率,以及协议数据单元(PDU)的大小和数量等的影响,获得了典型应用条件下深空通信中对误码率的要求.结果表明:CFDP可在深空探测大延时条件下正确传输文件,满足有效性要求.     

基于PCI总线的GPIB通讯卡的设计

介绍了一种基于PCI总线的GPIB总线通讯卡的设计方法。利用PCI9052芯片巧妙地实现了高速PCI总线与慢速设备的连接,板卡在系统驱动程序控制下可以实现GPIB总线规定的所有控者功能。     

高频地波雷达海杂波背景下目标检测研究综述

高频地波雷达探测距离远、全天候、实时准确探测等优点在目标检测领域广泛应用。针对海杂波会干扰目标检测的问题，分别从非线性预测类、分形类、子空间分解类、对消类等方面对海杂波背景下目标检测方法进行了综合评估。归纳总结国内外相关文献，并对目前方法存在的不足进行总结。为以后深入研究海杂波干扰问题提供参考。     

汽车动力学分析的若干方法探讨和通用程序的介绍

本文是一篇综述性的文章，探讨了５种汽车动力学分析的常用方法，即牛顿－欧拉方法、达朗伯原理、拉格朗日方程、哈米顿正则方程、凯恩方法，并通过一个较为简单的４自由度牵引车－挂车模型说明了各种方法的应用。文中介绍了一些基于多刚体动力学理论可供汽车动力学分析的通用程序。     

基于UG/Post的五轴后置处理程序开发

以某五轴龙门高速铣机床为对象,分析了它的机床结构和后置处理配置方法,基于UG/Post实现了其后置处理程序,并通过对事件处理文件(.tcl)文件修改,实现了在五轴转换模式下的C轴超程处理。     

系统可靠性优化方法

介绍了性优化的各种模型：组合优化模型、两类失效模式优化模型、可靠必优化分配模型、多目标优化模型以及可靠性模糊优化模型等。分析了可靠性优化分配模型各种解法的优缺点。研究认为，蒙特卡罗法具有简单和广泛适用性特点，因而推荐使用该法。     

捷联惯导陀螺仪冗余配置研究

为有效提高捷联惯导系统的可靠性，研究了捷联惯导陀螺仪冗余配置的原则和结构方案对比，选择及相应的可靠性评估与系统优化，通过采用加权最小二乘法等数据处理方法，给出了计算结果。结果表明工程上捷联惯导陀螺仪冗余配置应当而且能够实现系统最优化设计，选择最优配置结构。     

复杂网络可靠性数字仿真

讨论了复杂网络可靠性数字仿真方法，研究了网络中判断通路的算法，给出了数字仿真的程序框图。数字仿真比常规方法有更多优点。必将得到广泛的应用。