面向时序InSAR的卫星任务规划框架设计

随着国内自主雷达卫星和差分干涉合成孔径雷达技术(D-InSAR)及衍生的时序InSAR技术的发展,以时间序列上重复观测为主的长周期形变监测的应用与日俱增。对遥感卫星地面任务规划系统来说,规划和管理大量有时序关联的重复任务,从而最大限度地满足观测要求,是提升以形变监测为使命的雷达卫星运控效率的关键。在综合考虑雷达差分干涉任务序列性、一致性、周期性特征的基础上,设计了一种面向雷达卫星时序InSAR类型任务的规划框架,旨在规划序列任务时,考虑序列整体特性,进行序列任务组间的冲突检测。基于此方法,对现有的地面任务规划系统进行了优化升级,验证了框架的有效性。结果证明:该方法可快速、自动进行序列任务冲突消解,可为长周期序列任务的规划和管理提供设计参考。     

考虑测量约束的非合作目标近距离快速导引控制方法

研究了考虑测量约束的非合作目标近距离快速导引控制方法。首先,基于C-W方程建立了解析形式的径切联合近距离快速导引控制模型,并采用微分修正方法将解析结果进行修正;然后推导了任意初始条件下,径切联合控制双脉冲与视场角的解析关系;最后基于相对偏心率矢量建立了径切联合控制的控后效果评估模型。仿真结果表明:提出的控制方法和控后效果评估模型有效。     

多传感器组合导航系统的改进多尺度滤波算法

多尺度滤波算法在多传感器组合导航系统中已得到成功应用，然而该算法用到多个时刻的量测向量，导致算法计算量过大，并影响系统的实时性。针对上述问题，首先利用分块技术与小波变换将时域内描述的系统原始状态方程转换为块状态方程，然后将实时得到的当前时刻的量测向量表达为块状态向量的形式，最后结合常规卡尔曼滤波技术与序贯滤波的思想，提出了一种改进的多传感器组合导航系统多尺度滤波方法。将该算法应用于GPS/SST/SINS多传感器组合导航系统，仿真结果验证了该算法不仅具有较好的实时性，而且相对于传统算法,系统的定位精度提高1倍以上。     

Comparative analysis of four different single-frequency PPP models on positioning performance and atmosphere delay retrieval

Single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) has attracted increasing attention due to its high precision and cost effectiveness. With various strategies to handle the dominant error, i.e., ionosphere delay, the ionosphere-float (IF), ionosphere-free-half (IFH), ionosphere-corrected (IC), and ionosphere-weighted (IW) SF-PPP models are certain to possess different characteristics and performance levels. This study is dedicated to assessing and comparing the four models from model characteristics, positioning performance, and atmosphere delay retrieval. The model comparison shows that IC and IW models are full-rank while IF and IFH models have a rank deficiency of size one that will result in biased estimations, which means the better solvability of IC and IW models. The experiments are carried out based on the 7-day Global Positioning System (GPS) observations collected at 57 global Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) stations and Global Ionosphere Map (GIM) products. The results indicate that the IW model can accelerate SF-PPP convergence and achieve higher positioning accuracy compared to the other three SF-PPP models, especially in kinematic mode. With convergence criteria of 0.25 m in horizontal and 0.5 m in vertical, the east/north/up convergence times of IW model are 0.5/15.0/25.0 min and 0.5/16.0/36.5 min for static and kinematic modes, respectively. The IW model is able to achieve an instantaneous positioning accuracy of 0.28/0.35/0.75 m. In addition, a real kinematic test also demonstrates the best positioning solutions of IW model. Regarding troposphere delay retrieval, the IF, IFH, and IW models obtain a comparable daily accuracy of 3.0 cm on average, while the IC model achieves the worst accuracy of 8.0 cm. For precise ionosphere delay estimation, IW model only needs an average initialization time of 34.3 min, but a longer initialization time of 51.6 min is required for IF model. The daily precision of ionosphere delay estimation for IW model can reach up to 10.8 cm. At the present accuracy of GIM products, it is suggested that the IW model should be adopted for SF-PPP first due to its superior performance in positioning and atmosphere delay retrieval.     

协作机器人外力感知与交互控制研究现状及展望

协作机器人指的是一种能够在共享工作空间中实现物理人–机器人交互并执行协作任务的机器人系统。协作机器人正逐渐融入人类社会,与人类、其他机器人或非结构化环境等进行密切和复杂的交互。机器人–环境物理交互过程,外力感知和交互控制对于保证其安全性并提高其交互性能具有非常重要的意义。分别从外力感知、协作控制以及认知控制3个方面对协作机器人的研究现状进行综述,并对协作机器人感知与控制领域的研究进行展望。     

Exploring mission planning method for a team of carrier aircraft launching

High-level efficiency and safety are of great significance for improving the fighting capability of an aircraft carrier. One way to enhance efficiency and safety level is to organize the carrier aircraft into combat effectively. This paper studies the mission planning problem for a team of carrier aircraft launching, and a novel distributed mission planning architecture is proposed. The architecture is hierarchical and is comprised of four levels, namely, the input level, the coordination level,the path planning level and the execution level. Realistic constraints in each level of the distributed architecture, such as the vortex flow effect, the crowd effect and the motion of aircraft, are considered in the model. To solve this problem, a distributed path planning algorithm based on the asynchronous planning strategy is developed. The proposed Mission Planning Approach for Carrier Aircraft Launching(MPACAL) is validated using the setups of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier.Compared to the isolated planning architecture and the centralized planning architecture, the proposed distributed planning architecture has advantages in coordinating the launch tasks not only belonging to the same catapult but also when all different catapults are considered. The proposed MPACAL provides a modeling method for the flight deck operation on aircraft carrier.     

运载火箭晃动分析中知识模型的构建及应用

为了改变传统方法所实现的运载火箭晃动分析计算程序结构固定、缺乏灵活性、不能根据不同的使用场景自发完成不同计算任务的问题，利用本体理论和方法，将领域知识解决实际问题的过程抽象为决策知识引导应用单元执行的过程模型。根据建立的模型，从晃动分析相关领域知识中剥离出决策节点和应用单元，再通过决策节点重构决策知识，最终实现决策知识引导应用单元完成晃动计算。最后利用本体OWL语言实现决策节点重构决策知识，并开发了基于本体的火箭晃动计算分析软件模块，实现了分析计算知识的公用性、可拓展性和配置灵活性，为快速、智能化的专业分析计算提供借鉴。     

基于不规则障碍物环境下无人机的改进几何路径规划算法

随着无人机应用环境的多样化,在复杂环境中寻找无碰撞路径是非常重要的。传统的路径规划算法可以找到可行的路径,但它们在时间效率和路径长度之间没有很好的平衡,传统的几何算法只能避免特殊形状的障碍物。提出了一种改进的几何路径规划算法,使无人机能够在复杂的环境中避开任意形状的障碍物,找到较短的路径。首先,针对不规则障碍物,建立了凸多边形覆盖模型。然后解决了传统几何算法陷入局部最优解的缺点。提出了从相邻路径段生成无碰撞路径的二次规划思想,并针对该方法提出了一种新的安全阀值策略。最后,为了验证算法的性能,在不同的复杂环境下进行了仿真,并从几个方面对所提出的算法与A*算法进行了对比分析。     

配置点谱方法求解非均匀介质内辐射传热问题

发动机内的燃气等高温介质随着组分和浓度的变化，会引起折射率在空间上的非均匀分布，从而导致辐射能束沿着曲线传播，其相应的辐射传热过程也更为复杂。为了避免射线追踪方法的复杂计算、提高计算效率，本文提出了配置点谱方法求解二维非均匀介质内辐射传热问题。在求解过程中，角向采用离散坐标法处理，空间采用配置点谱方法处理。通过将三种非均匀介质内辐射传热问题的配置点谱方法结果与文献结果进行对比分析，发现配置点谱方法可以在较少的节点数下，获得准确、有效地计算结果。并且，采用配置点谱方法求解三种算例的计算时间均消耗较少，均在20分钟以内。这将为进一步开展发动机复杂结构内高温燃气辐射快速仿真提供基础。