用于直升机在大气紊流中的旋翼状态反馈控制

发展了一种集成旋翼状态反馈(Rotor-State Feedback,RSF)控制的飞行控制系统,以提升直升机在大气紊流环境中低速飞行时的飞行品质。基于经典显模型跟踪控制系统,对机体和旋翼状态反馈增益进行协同设计,以综合优化旋翼/机体耦合动稳定性和直升机在飞行品质相关频率范围(1~12rad/s)内的紊流缓和能力。同时,设计了一个旋翼前馈控制以增强直升机的操纵响应特性。对直升机飞行品质的线性分析表明:RSF控制的引入能够在实现旋翼/机体耦合动稳定性控制的同时使滚转和俯仰通道的指令跟踪延迟时间分别降低21.87%和25.82%,扰动抑制带宽分别提升243.22%和72.56%。最后以飞行试验验证的高阶非线性飞行动力学模型进行数值模拟验证控制系统。结果表明:RSF控制的引入使直升机滚转、俯仰角速率对紊流响应的标准差分别降低55.68%和26.81%。集成RSF的控制系统能够提升直升机在紊流中的飞行品质。     

Change rules of a stratospheric airship's envelope shape during ascent process

Stratospheric airship is a special near-space air vehicle, and has more advantages than other air vehicles, such as long endurance, strong survival ability, excellent resolution, low cost, and so on, which make it an ideal stratospheric platform. It is of great significance to choose a rea-sonable and effective way to launch a stratospheric airship to the space for both academic research and engineering applications. In this paper, the non-forming launch way is studied and the method of differential pressure gradient is used to study the change rules of the airship's envelope shape dur-ing the ascent process. Numerical simulation results show that the head of the envelope will main-tain the inflatable shape and the envelope under the zero-pressure level will be compressed into a wide range of wrinkles during the ascent process. The airship's envelope will expand with the ascent of the airship and the position of the zero-pressure level will move downward constantly. At the same time, the envelope will gradually form a certain degree of stiffness under the action of the inner and external differential pressure. The experimental results agree well with the analytical results, which shows that the non-forming launch way is effective and reliable, and the analytical method has exactness and feasibility.     

航空发动机控制系统半物理模拟试验的应用

半物理模拟试验在发动机控制系统研发中发挥着重要作用,然而鲜有文献对国内外半物理模拟试验的应用情况、技术特征进行总结提炼。结合科研实践和相关文献,分析了航空发动机控制系统开展半物理模拟试验的必要性、控制系统的复杂性和国外标准规范要求开展半物理模拟试验的必须性,介绍了半物理模拟试验的基本组成和原理,回顾了国外半物理模拟试验的开展情况,并对国内半物理模拟试验在科研、批产过程中的应用进行说明。结合工程实践和国外研究成果,总结了半物理模拟试验环境的关键技术,指出了半物理模拟试验技术深化的方向。     

运载火箭演进及智能技术展望

运载火箭是进入空间的主要运输工具,决定着一个国家进入、利用和控制空间的能力.首先,总结了国外运载火箭的演进历史,提出了传统升级和创新发展两种演进模式.其次,根据运载火箭演进规律提出了评估指标——面推比.以此指标能够引领运载火箭向合理的方向演进.然后,回顾了中国长征系列运载火箭的演进历程,根据面推比提出了产品后续优化的方...     

2001年9月15日Cluster卫星对电流片的观测研究

2001年9月15日0430-0515 UT期间,Cluster卫星多次穿越磁尾电流片.由FGM、CIS等仪器获得了电流片磁场,粒子速度等数据变化情况,并得到了磁尾高速流的两次明显反转.本文采用GSM坐标系.利用求磁场空间梯度张量的方法获得了越尾电流,其电流密度的峰值为28nA/m2.并对电流片在垂直方向上的摆动和在晨昏方向的波动现象进行了分析.数据显示此时电流片为薄电流片并有一个变薄的趋势,其厚度大约为0.2-0.3 Re.磁场重联时地向流与尾向流均超过了1000 km/s,并测得了电流片的法线方向和运动速度,从而得到了磁尾电流片的结构和运动情况.      

An analysis on combined GPS/COMPASS data quality and its effect on single point positioning accuracy under different observing conditions

With the rapid development of the COMPASS system, it is currently capable of providing regional navigation services. In order to test its data quality and performance for single point positioning (SPP), experiments have been conducted under different observing conditions including open sky, under trees, nearby a glass wall, nearby a large area of water, under high-voltage lines and under a signal transmitting tower. To assess the COMPASS data quality, the code multipath, cycle slip occurrence rate and data availability were analyzed and compared to GPS data. The datasets obtained from the experiments have also been utilized to perform combined GPS/COMPASS SPP on an epoch-by-epoch basis using unsmoothed single-frequency code observations. The investigation on the regional navigation performance aims at low-accuracy applications and all tests are made in Changsha, China, using the “SOUTH S82-C” GPS/COMPASS receivers. The results show that adding COMPASS observations can significantly improve the positioning accuracy of single-frequency GPS-only SPP in environments with limited satellite visibility. Since the COMPASS system is still in an initial operational stage, all results are obtained based on a fairly limited amount of data.     

多向层合板中的脱层与超声检测成像

以碳纤维多向层合板结构的脱层现象为对象,本文解决了哪种情况是最有可能脱层,在什么临界条件容易出现脱层以及如何确定临界条件等问题.利用入射超声渡在碳纤维复合材料中产生的反射信息,分析反射回波的时间和回波幅频特性,利用坐标扫查器确定脱层方位,通过逐点扫描记录每一点声波特征,形成矩阵数据,绘成图像显示脱层区域的大小和方位,直观准确地再现了脱层的发生位置及大小.     

220GHz行波管设计与工艺实验研究

针对目前系统应用对于220GHz频段的大功率辐射源的需求,文章设计了一种折叠波导行波管,在215GHz～225GHz的带宽范围内能够输出10W以上的功率,增益大于25dB。通过模拟计算确定了折叠波导高频电路、注波互作用、电子光学系统以及输能窗等主要部件的设计尺寸,并加工了折叠波导高频电路样品,对制造工艺进行研究。     

螺旋波等离子体推进器磁场仿真

推进工质电离、加速、喷出过程以及电羽流的污染控制等都与磁场密切相关。磁场位形的仿真设计对于提高螺旋波等离子体推进器的性能至关重要。基于等效磁荷方法建立了专门针对螺旋波等离子体推进器的三维磁场仿真模型, 计算出圆柱形与圆环形铷铁硼(Nd-Fe-B)永磁体组合产生的磁场位形及磁场强度分布特征。该模型为改进电推进器实验方案提供必要的参考和指导;通过大量仿真计算与分析, 从大量的磁铁构型方案中优选出合适的磁铁构型, 可以缩短螺旋波等离子体推进器的实验周期, 降低成本, 加快电推进器的研发进度。     

硝酸铵推进剂关键技术研究

为使用于导弹燃气发生器的推进剂的燃温低、燃气清洁、燃速调节范围大，对硝酸铵（ＡＮ）推进剂进行了研究。介绍了降低燃温的方法，提出对多种催化剂进行筛选、降低ＡＮ的平均粒度、增加其含量，来提高ＡＮ推进剂的燃速。讨论了减少燃气中的碳粒子和金属氧化物。最后给出自行研制的全ＡＮ推进剂的指标。