基于材料微观特性的涡轮盘疲劳裂纹萌生寿命数值仿真

 为了研究材料微观特性对结构疲劳寿命的影响,根据Tanaka-Mura疲劳裂纹萌生寿命计算理论,模拟某镍基粉末合金涡轮盘喉道表面疲劳裂纹萌生寿命。利用泰森多边形生成法,模拟微观多晶结构,建立宏-细观模型相结合的三维仿真模型。实现3项关键技术:1)在三维模型中模拟了面心立方晶体中{111}面族的12条主滑移系;2)应用缺口根部裂纹萌生的Tanaka-Mura理论模型模拟一条微裂纹在另一条裂纹尖端萌生;3)模拟了微裂纹的起裂、扩展与联合过程,最终形成一条宏观裂纹。对某表面带刀痕涡轮盘疲劳裂纹萌生寿命数值仿真结果与真盘试验结果相差20%。研究表明,减小晶粒尺寸、降低表面粗糙度、形成表面压缩残余应变以及析出沉淀颗粒都有利于提高涡轮盘的疲劳裂纹萌生寿命。     

超音速巡航的发展

探讨军用飞机超音速巡航的发展历程和关键技术,为我国未来军用飞机实现超音速巡航提供借鉴。     

运用多重属性风险评估量化跑道侵入严重等级

随着航空运输业的迅速发展,交通密度逐渐增大,机场跑滑系统越来越复杂,航空安全问题也随之增多,其中跑道侵入是影响航空安全的重要方面.引起跑道侵入的因素多种多样,本文主要研究人为因素对跑道侵入严重性等级的影响,根据跑道侵入严重等级的划分,利用多重属性风险评估模型对跑道侵入严重性等级进行量化,通过实例计算和对所得数据的分析,表明多重属性风险评估模型可为跑道系统提供通用的跑道侵入风险评估方法,并指出实际工作中存在的问题及预防措施.     

舰载遥测设备伺服跟踪视轴稳定方法研究

论述了舰船摇摆对视轴稳定的影响,给出了由于舰船摇摆所引起的视轴附加角速度公式;分析了陀螺稳定回路的性能,给出了数学模型。所采用的视轴稳定方法,经过海上试验,船摇隔离度满足技术指标的要求。     

基于极点配置的改进晕轨道控制方法

基于小偏差理论,对无摄动三体动力学方程沿标称轨道线性化,推导了其误差线性模型。在线性系统极点配置原理的的基础上,利用标准轨道状态向量选择闭环目标极点,通过设计闭环极点配置状态反馈增益阵K,实现了对地月系L1点附近受摄晕轨道的保持控制。针对K中三通道使用单一控制量级带来的控制误差,提出了利用入轨误差比例设计的可变反馈阵系数(Variable feedback matrix Kcoefficient,VKC)设计方法。VKC方法改善了原有控制方法的控制效果,在不同等级误差下减小跟踪方差和并获得了闭合周期轨道,试验证明了方法的有效性。     

A Celestial Analytic Positioning Method by Stellar Horizon Atmospheric Refraction

This article, in allusion to the limitation of conventional stellar horizon atmospheric refraction based on orbital dynamics model and nonlinear Kalman filter in practical applications, proposes a new celestial analytic positioning method by stellar horizon atmospheric refraction for high-altitude flight vehicles, such as spacecraft, airplanes and ballistic missiles. First, by setting up the geometric connexion among the flight vehicle, the Earth and the altitude of starlight refraction, an expression for the relationship of starlight refraction angle and atmospheric density is deduced. Second, there are produced a novel measurement model of starlight refraction in a continuous range of altitudes (CRA) from 20 km to 50 km on the basis of the standard atmospheric data in stratosphere, and an empirical formula of stellar horizon atmospheric refraction in the same altitudes against the tangent altitude. Third, there is introduced a celestial analytic positioning algorithm, which uses the least square differential correction instead of nonlinear Kalman filter. The information about positions of a flight vehicle can be obtained directly by solving a set of nonlinear measurement equations. The stellar positioning algorithm adopts the characteristics of stellar horizon atmospheric refraction thereby removing needs for orbit dynamics models and priori knowledge of flight vehicles. The simulation results evidence the validity of the proposed stellar positioning algorithm.     

Assessing attitude error of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites and its impact on orbit determination

An attitude determination and control system (ADCS) is critical to satellite attitude maneuvers and to the coordinate transformation from the inertial frame to the spacecraft frame. This paper shows specific sensors in the ADCS of the satellite mission FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) and the impact of the ADCS quality on orbit accuracy. The selection of main POD antenna depends on the beta angles of the different F3/C satellites (for FM2 and FM4) during the inflight phase. In particular, under the eclipse, alternative attitude sensors are activated to replace the Sun sensors, and such a sensor change leads to anomalous GPS phase residuals and a degraded orbit accuracy. Since the nominal attitude serves as a reference for ADCS, the 3-dimensional attitude-induced errors in reduced dynamic orbits over selected days in 2010 show 9.35, 10.78, 4.97, 5.48, 7.18, and 6.89 cm for FM1–FM6. Besides, the 3-dimensional velocity errors induced by the attitude effect are 0.10, 0.10, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, and 0.10 for FM1–FM6. We analyze the quality of the observed attitude transformation matrix of F3/C and its impact on kinematic orbit determination. With 249 days of GPS in 2008, the analysis leads to the following averaged 3-dimensional attitude-induced orbit errors: 2.72, 2.62, 2.37, 1.90, 1.70, and 1.99 cm for satellites FM1–FM6. Critical suggestions of geodetic payloads for the follow-on mission of F3/C are presented based on the current result.     

A generalized rough set-based information filling technique for failure analysis of thruster experimental data

Interval-valued data and incomplete data are two key problems for failure analysis of thruster experimental data and have been basically solved by the proposed methods in this paper. Firstly, information data acquired from the simulation and evaluation system formed as intervalvalued information system （IIS） is classified by the interval similarity relation. Then, as an improvement of the classical rough set, a new kind of generalized information entropy called ＂H＇-information entropy＂ is suggested for the measurement of uncertainty and the classification ability of IIS. There is an innovative information filling technique using the properties of H＇-information entropy to replace missing data by some smaller estimation intervals. Finally, an improved method of failure analysis synthesized by the above achievements is presented to classify the thruster experimental data, complete the information, and extract the failure rules. The feasibility and advantage of this method is testified by an actual application of failure analysis, whose performance is evaluated by the quantification of E-condition entropy.     

智能结构中埋入式光纤传感器的研究

针对复合材料结构试件内部参量的测量提出了一种新型埋入式光纤传感器的研究方案。这种方案是采用双光敏管结构来检测干涉条纹的，运用适当的处理电路来计数条纹的移动量，并判断条纹的移动方向，从而测出复合材料构件内部物理参量的变化。对这种干涉型埋入式光纤传感器用于复合材料试件内部应变测量进行了理论推导，导出了条纹的移动量与应变的关系，并把这种传感器埋入环氧树脂复合材料梁中，对其应变进行了测量，给出了实验装置和     

考虑太阳帆板振动的空间绳系拖曳动力学与控制

针对使用空间绳网捕获带有太阳帆板等柔性附件的大型失效航天器的碎片清除任务,充分考虑了拖曳过程中柔性附件产生的振动对系统的稳定造成的影响。首先采用凯恩方法建立了失效航天器绳系拖曳系统动力学模型,在建模过程中充分考虑系绳的质量和振动、帆板的振动、系统的轨道运动对姿态的影响等,使动力学模型更加详细和完整,且该动力学模型不受失效航天器所处位置的限制,适用于任意轨道上的失效航天器的拖曳离轨任务;之后根据平衡状态的特点,求取了系统的平衡解,并在平衡解附近对动力学方程线性化,然后采用李雅普诺夫方法分析了系统的稳定性及各参数的变化规律;并针对失效航天器可能产生的姿态章动设计了常值张力切换控制律;最后采用数值仿真的方法分析了失效航天器的帆板振动对绳系拖曳过程的影响,校验了控制律的有效性。