氟化处理工艺对TiAl合金氧化层组织的影响

文章研究了氟离子注入和NH₄F溶液处理对TiAl合金高温氧化层组织结构的影响规律。结果表明:TiAl合金高温氧化层的组织和致密度受氟化处理工艺和参数的影响很大;经过表面氟化处理的TiAl合金高温氧化抗力高于原始合金;随着表面氟含量增加,氧化层的钛元素含量增加,致密度下降,研究表明存在一个最佳的表面氟浓度。     

八水氢氧化钡相变材料储热性能实验

采用八水氢氧化钡（Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O）作为相变储热材料,经过150次熔化-凝固热循环实验,发现随着热循环次数的增加,Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O的相变点温度变化很小,但是该相变材料结晶时存在严重的过冷现象.通过扫描电子显微镜获得50次热循环后Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O与铝合金和紫铜金属材料之间的腐蚀情况图像,图像分析表明,Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O与紫铜有良好的相容性.搭建了含/未含泡沫铜的相变储能装置的实验台,对比实验结果表明,泡沫铜填充不仅可以提高相变材料的传热效率,而且能够有效地降低Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O的过冷度.      

The influence of the spatial and temporal collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters derived from COSMIC radio occultation and digisondes

GPS radio occultation (RO) ionospheric products obtained by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) mission during the year of 2014 and the observations from 3 digisonde stations which are located at different latitudes are used to study the influence of different time and space collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters (ICPs), including the peak density and peak height, derived from the two techniques. The results show that the correlation coefficients (CC) and the standard deviation of the absolute biases (SDAB) between the ICPs derived from the two techniques vary distinctly under different spatial and time collocation windows. Generally, the CC (SDAB) of the ICPs decrease (increase) as the size of the collocation window increases in time dimension or in space dimension. The rate of change of the statistic parameters with the increase in the size of the collocation window in time dimension and space dimension is analyzed for each digisonde station. It is found that within the collocation window of $\left(60\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n},{20}^{°},{20}^{°}\right)$, the influence of the increase of $1^{°}$ in the space window on the statistical comparison is much more significant than that of the increase of 1?min in the time window, and it is suggested that there can be appropriate relaxation on the time window within the threshold of 60?min to get a balance between the quality of the comparison results and the number of the matched pairs. In addition, it is found that the same variations in the longitude window and in the latitude window may have different influences on the comparison results when the horizontal gradients in electron density are distinctly different along different directions at the digisonde station, and strict space collocation window is preferred when comparing the observations from COSMIC RO with those from the digisonde station in such cases.     

ADS与多雷达数据融合中的系统误差配准法

对空中交通管制中自动相关监视(ADS)与现有多雷达监视系统进行数据融合的模型进行了分析,在现有多雷达数据处理(MRDP)系统误差配准方法的基础上设计了一种利用最小平方估计(LSE)准则实现的ADS与雷达的系统误差配准算法,给出了其最优解.利用我国西部航路模拟航路点数据进行了系统仿真,仿真结果的分析表明,通过该方法的配准,ADS和雷达数据融合中的系统误差得到了有效的消除,提高了综合监视精度.     

基于ICA和小波脊的多辐射源调制类型识别

针对电子侦察中多个雷达辐射源信号混叠时的调制类型识别问题,利用独立分量分析将多个雷达辐射源信号进行分离,再对分离后的辐射源信号采用小波变换,提取信号时频分布的脊线,最后计算脊线特征值,通过脊线特征值来判断辐射源调制类型.仿真实验验证了该方法的正确性和有效性.     

The evolution of globular clusters

Taking a wide range of the initial conditions, including spatial density distribution and mass function etc, the dynamical evolution of globular clusters in the Milky Way is investigated in detail by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Four dynamic mechanisms are considered: stellar evaporation, stellar evolution, tidal shocks due to both the disk and bulge, and dynamical friction. It is found that stellar evaporation dominates the evolution of low-mass clusters and all four are important for massive ones. For both the power-law and lognormal initial clusters mass functions, we can find the best-fit models which can match the present-day observations with their main features of the mass function almost unchanged after evolution of several Gyr. This implies that it is not possible to determine the initial mass function only based on the observed ones today. Moreover, the dispersion of the modelled mass functions mainly depends on the potential wells of host galaxies with the almost constant peaks, which is consistent with current observations.     

高强铝合金复合脉冲VPTIG焊缝组织和性能

采用超快速变换复合超音频脉冲方波变极性TIG电弧焊接工艺进行2219-T87高强铝合金焊接,研究分析了焊缝显微组织和接头拉伸性能变化.结果表明,2219-T87铝合金复合超音频脉冲电流变极性焊接接头的组织和性能均发生显著变化,焊缝区显微组织明显细化,由粗大柱状晶向细小等轴晶转变,接头抗拉强度和断后伸长率显著提高.接头断口由脆性断裂主要特征转变为"韧性+脆性"的混合型断裂模式.在一定范围内,脉冲电流频率越高,脉冲占空比越小,作用效果越明显.复合超音频脉冲电流频率为40 kHz,脉冲电流占空比为20%时,接头抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别达到母材金属的70%和58%.     

基于差分递减权系数的加权Q控制图

Q控制图的异常检出时间远长于参数已知时控制图的异常检出时间,对此提出了一种加权Q控制图方法.基于单容量样本度量和多容量样本度量,分别给出了相应算法,对算法的正确性给出了数学证明.加权Q控制图方法根据差分递减的权系数构造加权Q控制图的Q统计量,随后对该Q统计量使用Q控制图进行异常分析.仿真结果表明:加权Q控制图的异常检出时间短于Q控制图的异常检出时间,且与参数已知时的控制图的异常检出时间相差不大,综合考虑实用性和检测灵敏度这两个指标,加权Q控制图优于Q控制图和参数已知时的控制图.     

Dominant Factors of Metal Jet Breakup in Micro Droplet Deposition Manufacturing Technique

For the solutions of random variations of metal jet breakup and difficulties in controlling and predicting the process parameters (e.g. jet length) in micro droplet deposition manufacturing technique, experimental methods combining with theoretical analyses have been developed. The jet formation, jet length and their dominant factors (oxygen concentration and disturbance frequency, etc.) are discussed. The statistical law of jet length is found that the probability density function (PDF) of jet length is a log-normal distribution. The results show that the formation and size accuracy of metal jet breakup are improved by adjusting the gas pressure and optimizing the disturbance frequency. Under this circumstance, the jet length and morphological deviation can be minimized, which provides a stable droplet stream for the subsequent manufacturing process.     

涡轮叶片尾缘冷却特性数值研究

为了研究不同叶片尾缘结构对气膜冷却效果的影响规律,设计了三种尾缘结构,采用数值模拟的方法分别对其冷却效果进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)三种尾缘结构的冷却效率沿壁面的分布有很大差异,针对模型Ⅰ,在小吹风比时,冷却效率沿尾缘壁面逐渐减小;而在大吹风比时,冷却效率呈现逐渐升高的趋势;(2)模型Ⅱ和模型Ⅲ的冷却效率沿壁面均呈现逐渐降低的趋势,但二者降低的规律又不相同;(3)在相同壁面位置,模型Ⅲ的冷却效率最高,模型Ⅰ的冷却效率最低,因此可以认为,模型Ⅲ所示的尾缘结构更有利于叶片尾缘的冷却。