硅基聚合物陶瓷前驱体作为连接剂的研究进展

概述了近年来硅基聚合物陶瓷前驱体作为连接剂的研究进展,并对影响其连接强度的因素进行了总结.     

民机机身耐撞性设计的波纹板布局

 耐撞性是民机机身结构设计的一项重要要求。为了研究以波纹板为吸能结构的机身结构能量吸收特性和冲击响应特性,针对常规的机身构型,提出了3种货舱地板下部波纹板布局形式,建立了相应的机身段有限元模型,对机身垂直撞击刚性地面的情况进行分析。获得了不同布局形式下的波纹板变形模式和能量吸收情况,以及机身段的破坏模式、能量吸收情况和座椅处的过载-时间历程。3种布局的对比分析表明,在机腹隔框下端和蒙皮之间布置波纹板,可以使机身下部结构的破坏模式稳定,显著降低座椅处的过载峰值,缩短高过载脉宽,有效提高机身结构的耐撞性。     

Optimization of Preform Shapes by RSM and FEM to Improve Deformation Homogeneity in Aerospace Forgings

This article, in order to improve the deformation homogeneity in aerospace forgings, proposes an approach that combines the finite element method (FEM) and the response surface method (RSM) to optimize the preform shapes. New expressions that take into account the influences of equivalent effective strain distribution are developed to evaluate the homogeneity of deformation distribution in aerospace forgings. In order to reduce the number of design variables, the domain-division method is put forward to determine the optimal design variables. On the basis of FEM results, the RSM is used to establish an approximate model to depict the relationship between the responses (deformation homogeneity and die underfilling) and the design variables represented by geometric parameters of the preform shape. With a typical aeroengine disk as an example, the proposed method is verified by achieving an optimal combination of design variables. By comparing the preform shape obtained with the proposed method to that with the existing one, it is evidenced that the former could achieve more homogeneous deformation in forging.     

激光熔覆同步送粉器的研究现状

随着激光熔覆技术的快速发展,送粉器作为熔覆设备的核心元件之一,也得到了广泛的研究。目前,国内外对送粉器的研制目标是将送粉器工作时的连续性、均匀性、稳定性和可控性提高到一个更科学,更先进的水平。     

基于Isight的倾转旋翼飞行器前飞状态翼型优化

倾转旋翼飞行器被认为是下一代旋翼类飞行器的主要发展方向,研究其机翼的气动优化设计,对于提高该类飞行器的飞行性能具有重要意义。以NACA2412为原始翼型,首先,采用Hicks-Henne方法进行翼型参数化,并确定设计变量;其次,采用Isight集成翼型生成、网格划分、流场求解等软件,建立翼型自动优化平台;然后,采用基于最优拉丁超立方设计(Opt LHD)和径向基函数(RBF)的代理模型,并用多岛遗传算法(MIGA)进行机翼优化;最后,将优化后的翼型生成三维机翼,进行气动特性计算。优化过程中,对比两种边界条件的优化结果,以证明所用优化方法的有效性;为了减少计算量,使用动量源方法用作用盘代替旋翼。结果表明:根据机翼展向来流速度分布进行翼型优化,在前飞状态下优化后的机翼的升阻比提高了66.03%。     

复合材料气瓶铝内衬缺陷对疲劳及爆破性能的影响

研究了复合材料气瓶在生产过程中金属内衬存在的凹坑、裂纹以及腐蚀等的缺陷类型,并且对存有以上缺陷类型的复合气瓶进行疲劳及爆破实验,研究其对气瓶的性能影响.结果表明:金属内衬缺陷的存在会使得气瓶在承受内压载荷的过程中,金属内衬在缺陷位置出现应力集中,提前出现裂纹的扩展,使得金属内衬失效,无法充分发挥复合材料层高强度的优势,使得复合材料气瓶的疲劳失效次数及爆破强度大大降低,影响最终的使用性能.     

Using a pressure controlled vortex design method to control secondary flow losses in a turbine stage

A turbine design method based on pressure controlled vortex design （PCVD） is presented to design a small-size turbine stage. Contrary to the conventional controlled vortex design （CVD） method, the main objective of PCVD is to control the axial velocity and radial pressure in the sta- tor rotor gap. Through controlling axial velocity, the PCVD establishes a direct tie to meridional stream surface. Thus stream surface variation is induced, resulting in a large secondary flow vortex covering the full blade passage in the respective stator and rotor. This secondary flow vortex could be dedicated to control the secondary flow mitigation and migration. Through radial pressure, the PCVD is also associated with the macroscopic driving force of fluid motion. So the better benefit of CVD can be achieved. The core concept behind PCVD is to mainly control the spanwise pressure gradient by altering profile loading at various spanwise locations. Therefore not only the local pro- file lift is affected, but also the resulting throat widths, stage reaction degree, and massflow rate are altered or redistributed respectively. With the PCVD method, the global stage efficiency is increased successfully while the mass flow rate keeps constant. Additionally there is no endwall shape optimization, stacking optimization, or pitch/chord variations, concentrating solely on varying blade profile deflections and stagger.     

一种用于RM不稳定性研究的竖直环形激波管的设计与验证

设计并加工了一套竖直环形同轴无膜激波管,可用于环形汇聚激波诱导下的Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性实验研究。与前人工作相比,本文在流体界面的形成以及流场的观测方法上做了较大的改进。通过实验和数值方法,对该竖直激波管产生的环形柱状汇聚激波的参数进行测量和分析,验证了同轴激波管形成柱状汇聚激波方法的可行性和可靠性。在界面形成方面,采用细丝约束肥皂膜技术形成正八边形气体界面,并利用数值方法考察了细丝对界面发展的影响。结果表明在界面发展的前期,细丝的影响几乎可以忽略。利用连续激光片光结合高速摄影相机对流场进行观测,获得了正八边形air/SF6气体界面在环形汇聚激波及其反射激波冲击下的演化过程,并与数值结果进行了对比,获得了较好的一致性,进一步验证了汇聚激波的对称性以及细丝约束肥皂膜技术用于形成多边形气体界面的可靠性。     

宇宙磁单极子的椭圆辐射

本文研究了磁单极子在宇宙空间作椭圆轨道运动的辐射问题，得到了这种辐射的谱功率公式，该公式对探测和鉴别宇宙磁单极子具有重要意义。