两电极等离子体高能合成射流流场及其冲量实验研究

两电极等离子体高能合成射流激励器通过腔体内电极间的瞬时电弧放电加热腔内气体,在激励器出口产生压差并喷出高速射流,从而产生反作用力和冲量。针对两电极等离子体高能合成射流响应快、持续时间短的特点,设计了单丝扭摆式微冲量测量系统,并结合高速阴影系统,对两电极等离子体高能合成射流的流场发展过程及其单脉冲冲量特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,两电极等离子体高能合成射流响应时间小于10μs,射流持续时间约为1ms,射流前锋最大速度约为190m/s,射流流场发展过程中存在多道强压缩波,并以当地声速向下游传播。单丝扭摆式微冲量测量系统可实现μN·s量级冲量测量精度,单脉冲冲量约为32μN·s,并且在低频状态下射流总冲量随激励器放电频率成线性增加。     

复合材料气瓶铝内衬缺陷对疲劳及爆破性能的影响

研究了复合材料气瓶在生产过程中金属内衬存在的凹坑、裂纹以及腐蚀等的缺陷类型,并且对存有以上缺陷类型的复合气瓶进行疲劳及爆破实验,研究其对气瓶的性能影响.结果表明:金属内衬缺陷的存在会使得气瓶在承受内压载荷的过程中,金属内衬在缺陷位置出现应力集中,提前出现裂纹的扩展,使得金属内衬失效,无法充分发挥复合材料层高强度的优势,使得复合材料气瓶的疲劳失效次数及爆破强度大大降低,影响最终的使用性能.     

Using a pressure controlled vortex design method to control secondary flow losses in a turbine stage

A turbine design method based on pressure controlled vortex design （PCVD） is presented to design a small-size turbine stage. Contrary to the conventional controlled vortex design （CVD） method, the main objective of PCVD is to control the axial velocity and radial pressure in the sta- tor rotor gap. Through controlling axial velocity, the PCVD establishes a direct tie to meridional stream surface. Thus stream surface variation is induced, resulting in a large secondary flow vortex covering the full blade passage in the respective stator and rotor. This secondary flow vortex could be dedicated to control the secondary flow mitigation and migration. Through radial pressure, the PCVD is also associated with the macroscopic driving force of fluid motion. So the better benefit of CVD can be achieved. The core concept behind PCVD is to mainly control the spanwise pressure gradient by altering profile loading at various spanwise locations. Therefore not only the local pro- file lift is affected, but also the resulting throat widths, stage reaction degree, and massflow rate are altered or redistributed respectively. With the PCVD method, the global stage efficiency is increased successfully while the mass flow rate keeps constant. Additionally there is no endwall shape optimization, stacking optimization, or pitch/chord variations, concentrating solely on varying blade profile deflections and stagger.     

复合材料的微波修复

根据微波“选择性加热”、“场强高温”与“高频高温”等特点，将微波技术引入复合材料修补领域，提出了复合材料微波修复的新概念。它特别适用于复合材料在线产品的快速修复以及现役飞行器具的外场快速修复。     

滚动轴承在任意方向的支承刚度

为仔细分析高速转子——滚动轴承系统的动力学特性,本文提出了滚动轴承在任意方向的支承刚度的概念,应用弹性理论和滚动轴承内部几何关系,推导了滚动轴承在任意方向的支承刚度的数学表达式。同时还提出了球轴承和单列向心短圆柱滚子轴承在外载荷作用下内圈位移的简化表达式,给出了计算方法和编制了相应的计算程序。 为验证上述理论的正确性和程序的可靠性,应用本文方法进行了大量的计算试验,与美国空军推进实验室所提供的轴承刚度的资料相比较,计算结果相当吻合。在此基础上,本文还进一步探讨了轴承的轴向负荷和径向负荷、径向间隙和负荷分布参数对轴承刚度的重要影响,得到了许多重要结论。     

CFM56—3发动机MEC可靠性分析

在实际机务维修过程中,针对飞机和发动机附件开展可靠性工作对节约维修费用和提高飞行安全有极大的作用,依据某航空公司最早引入的4架波音737－300自投入营运以来来的发动机上的主发动机控制器（Main engine control,MEC)故障数据统计,采用黑箱方法对MEC的可靠性进行了系统的分析,通过可靠性分析计算,为MEC的航材储备提供理论依据,并提出了对其进行视情检查维修的建议,分析中所采用的新平均秩法和图估法,对维修过程中的飞行机和发动机附件可靠性分析有一定的实用价值。     

无尾桨直升机实验研究(英文)

环量控制尾梁是无尾桨直升机反扭矩新技术。为了研究不同参数对环量控制尾梁的影响 ,设计制造了两个环量控制尾梁模型 ,本文介绍了该模型分别在风洞中和旋翼下进行的分布压力测量实验。通过对实验结果的分析、讨论 ,阐述了动量系数、缝隙几何参数以及相对来流速度等参数对环量控制尾梁上气动力的影响 ,并从理论上对实验结果进行了合理的解释。     

基于约束卡尔曼滤波器预测的视觉跟踪研究

视觉伺服主要是对物体图像的某个特征区域进行处理，而不是对整个特体的图像进行处理，这样可以减少图像处理的区域，提高伺服系统实时性，为了达到这一目标，文中利用推导出的方程作为约束条件，建立约束卡尔曼滤波器，该滤波器在系统中作为预测器使用，利用它跟踪的特征点下一位置进行预测，与普通卡尔曼滤波器相比，这一预测精度有了很大的提高，这样就可以缩小图像处理的窗口，文中还利用视觉雅可比映射矩阵，求出了视觉空间到任务空间的伺服控制方程，利用这一方程可以控制机器人的运动，完成特征点的跟踪，从仿真结果来看，使用这些方法减小了图像处理的区域，提高了图像处理的速度和系统的实时性。     

多光束干涉光超声检测探头的研究

本文根据超声引起激光的Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ效应的多光束干涉原理,设计了一种对速度敏感的激光超声检测探头,该探头调节方便、工作性能稳定、抗干扰性强,具有很强的实用价值。     

Effects of physical correlations on long-distance GPS positioning and zenith tropospheric delay estimates

The global positioning system (GPS) has become an essential tool for the high precision navigation and positioning. The quality of GPS positioning results mainly depends on the model’s formulations regarding GPS observations, including both a functional model, which describes the mathematical relationships between the GPS measurements and unknown parameters, and a stochastic model, which reflects the physical properties of the measurements. Over the past two decades, the functional models for GPS measurements have been investigated in considerable detail. However, the stochastic models of GPS observation data are simplified, assuming that all the GPS measurements have the same variance and are statistically independent. Such assumptions are unrealistic. Although a few studies of GPS stochastic models were performed, they are restricted to short baselines and short time session lengths. In this paper, the stochastic modeling for GPS long-baseline and zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) estimates with a 24-h session is investigated using the residual-based and standard stochastic models. Results show that using the different stochastic modelling methods, the total differences can reach as much as 3–6 mm in the baseline component, especially in the height component, and 10 mm in the ZTD estimation. Any misspecification in the stochastic models will result in unreliable GPS baseline and ZTD estimations. Using the residual-based stochastic model, not only the precision of GPS baseline and ZTD estimation is obviously improved, but also the baseline and ZTD estimations are closer to the reference value.