遥测系统再认识

遥测系统是闭环系统,不是惯称的开环系统。与控制系统相比,遥测系统具有三大特点:测量信息源的不确定性;反馈通道与主通道的相关性;系统误差主要源于主通道。研究并获取系统传递函数是系统设计的重要内容,而机理分析和系统辨识正是适合该需求的有效措施。     

KrF激光对高速飞片的驱动特性研究

利用诱导空间非相干技术平滑的KrF准分子（248nm）激光驱动带有烧蚀层的平面靶，研究激光空间均匀性对产生完整飞片的影响，结果表明激光不均匀性在2％以下，能够产生完整的高速飞片，且完整飞片能够维持20ns以上不破裂；当激光不均匀性达到5％，激光引入流体力学不稳定性种子应很强，冲击波在靶内输运过程中不稳定性不断发展增强，到靶背时强到足以使飞片解体甚至气化，不能产生完整的飞片。为了获得尽可能高的飞片速度，采用激光与烧蚀层参数不匹配方法，使冲击波对飞片作多次加速。利用功率密度为1012 W/cm2的KrF激光与含50μm Kapton烧蚀层的5μm铝飞片作用，得到速度约10km/s的高速飞片，与模拟结果吻合得很好。     

A study on radio-loud interacting/non-interacting CMEs-associated SEPs and solar flares

We have established a data set of 58 major hybrid SEP events associated with meter-to-decahectometer wavelength (m-to-DH) type II bursts, solar flares, and radio-load CMEs during the period of 1997–2014. The main focus of our study is to address the following two questions: Does the interaction of CMEs play a role in the enhancement of SEP intensity? Is there any difference in the seed population, and parent eruptions in the SEP events with and without CME interactions? Hence, the sample of 58 events is classified into two sets: (i) 35 non-interacting-CME-associated SEP events; (ii) 23 interacting-CME-associated SEP events. All the characteristics of SEPs, their associated CMEs/flares and the relationships between them are statistically analyzed and compared. Some of the basic attributes and relative elemental abundances (Fe/O ratios) of the both the sets are also compared. The results indicate that the seed particles in non-interacting-CME-associated SEP events are mostly from solar wind/coronal materials. But in the case of interacting-CME-associated SEP events, it may be associated with both flare material from preceding flares and coronal materials from solar wind/preceding CMEs. The correlation studies reveal that there are clear correlations between logarithmic peak intensity of SEP events and properties of CMEs (space speed: cc?=?0.56) and solar flares (peak intensity: cc?=?0.40; integrated flux: cc?=?0.52) for non-interacting-CME-associated SEP events. But these correlations are absent for the interacting-CME-associated events. In addition, the results suggest that interaction of primary CMEs with their preceding CMEs plays an important role in the enhancement of peak intensity of SEPs at least for a set of m-to-DH type II bursts associated SEP events.     

新一代飞机蒙皮绿色加工技术

<正>沿袭多年的传统飞机蒙皮化铣加工工艺,由于化学污染、耗电量大和消耗铝材无法回收等固有弊病而成为该行业的一项困扰。对于加工新一代铝锂合金蒙皮来说,化铣还需采取防燃防爆的特别措施,从而增加     

Prospects of using a permanent magnetic end effector to despin and detumble an uncooperative target

Space debris, such as defunct satellites and upper stages of rockets, becomes an uncooperative target after losing its attitude control and communication ability. In addition, tumbling motion can occur due to environmental perturbations and residual angular momentum prior to the object’s end-of-mission. To minimize the collision risk during docking and capturing of the tumbling target, a non-contact method based on the eddy current effect is put forward to transmit the control torque to the tumbling target. The main idea is to induce a controllable torque on the conducting surface of the tumbling target using a rotational magnetic field generated by a Halbach rotor. The radial and axial Halbach rotors are used to damp the spinning and nutation motions of the target, respectively. The normal and tangential force are evaluated concerning the relative pose between the chaser and the target. A simplified dynamic model of the nutation damping and despinning processes is developed and the influences of the asymmetrical principal moments of inertia and transverse angular velocity are discussed. The numerical simulation results show that the designed Halbach rotor stabilized the target attitude within an acceptable time. The electromagnetic nutation damping and despinning method provides new solutions for the development of on-orbit capture technology.     

月球轨道器模块化综合电子设计与实现

以嫦娥五号轨道器为背景,介绍了可重构模块化综合电子方案的设计。从综合电子功能需求分析入手、结合轨道器构型,搭建了综合电子系统体系架构。运用模块化的思路,规划了轨道器综合电子的基本功能模块类型,介绍了内总线的通用化设计,给出了单机的具体配置,并在此基础上进行了综合电子信息流设计。在计算机技术方面,重点介绍了既可以工作于热备份模式,又可以工作于冷备份模式的可重构设计。     

高校研究生心理健康问题及对策探析

随着我国研究生规模不断扩大,研究生培养本科化倾向严重,研究生就业、感情、科学研究等方面引发的心理问题不断增加,已影响到研究生的培养、发展,也影响到研究生自身的健康成长。对研究生心理健康问题的表现及成因进行分析,提出切实可行的对策措施,以期有效解决研究生心理健康问题,不断提升研究生的培养质量。     

Central difference predictive filter for attitude determination with low precision sensors and model errors

Attitude determination is one of the key technologies for Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) of a satellite. However, serious model errors may exist which will affect the estimation accuracy of ACDS, especially for a small satellite with low precision sensors. In this paper, a central difference predictive filter (CDPF) is proposed for attitude determination of small satellites with model errors and low precision sensors. The new filter is proposed by introducing the Stirling’s polynomial interpolation formula to extend the traditional predictive filter (PF). It is shown that the proposed filter has higher accuracy for the estimation of system states than the traditional PF. It is known that the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) has also been used in the ADCS of small satellites with low precision sensors. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed filter, the UKF is also employed to compare it with the CDPF. Numerical simulations show that the proposed CDPF is more effective and robust in dealing with model errors and low precision sensors compared with the UKF or traditional PF.     

校正训练算法在半连续HMM中的应用

隐马尔柯夫模型用最大似然准则训练的结果，能保证训练过程的最佳，但却不能保证识别过程的最佳，从识别时的最小误识率出发导出的各种准则之下的训练方法，能有效地提高系统的性能。本文将校正训练（CT）算法应用于半连续隐马尔柯夫模型（SCHMM）的训练过程，给出了算法的具体实现步骤，同时对于所需的易混集的建立方法，采用一种适于中小词表系统的动态构造方法来实现。     

载人月面着陆及起飞技术初步研究

载人登月任务中最具特色的就是载人月面着陆及起飞过程,其技术体系丰富,是影响载人登月任务成败的关键环节。文章详细分析了载人月面着陆及起飞阶段的飞行方案,阐述了载人任务与无人任务设计准则上的区别,剖析了载人月面着陆及起飞技术的内涵。此外重点分析了低温推进剂蒸发量控制技术、10∶1深度变推力液体发动机技术、发动机推力矢量控制技术、大承载着陆缓冲技术、发动机羽流导流与防护技术、月尘清除及防护技术等六项与载人登月舱推进系统和结构系统相关的关键技术,分析提出了相应的技术途径和解决方案,对深入认识载人登月飞行器系统的技术体系及技术难度具有重要意义。