圆弧斜槽处理机匣的实验研究

在一台轮毂比为0.49的低速单转子轴流风机上,开展了圆弧斜槽处理机匣的实验研究,以便了解它对风机失速裕度和工作效率的影响,并在此基础上,借助转子进、出口三维流场的测量结果,研究该处理机匣的扩稳机理。另外,通过实壁机匣、轴向斜槽处理机匣的性能及流场测量,对不同处理机匣的作用效果和作用方式进行研究。研究结果表明,圆弧斜槽处理机匣的最大扩稳能力能使该风机的失速裕度较之实壁机匣提高27%,并且在峰值效率上有1%左右的提高。      

叶片安装角槽式轮毂处理的三维数值模拟

采用三维定常不可压Ｎ－Ｓ方程对叶片安装角槽式的轮毂处理的叶栅通道进行了数值模拟,分析了叶片安装角槽式的轮毂处理的扩稳机理,在计算中采用了非交错网格的ＳＩＭＰＬＥ算法,并解决了因使用非交错网格离散方程而带来的压力场振荡的抑制问题,紊流模型采用ｋ－ε两方程模型。     

“齿轮—连杆式”断屑原理及应用

本文主要阐述深孔加工中断屑问题,从理论上分析出解决断屑问题关键所在,并通过实践设计出“齿轮－连杆式”断屑机构,该机构较好地解决了深孔加工中断屑问题。     

Numerical investigation on flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical RP-3 in inclined pipe

Numerical simulations of flow and heat transfer to supercritical RP-3 through the inclined tubes have been performed using LS k–e model embedded in Fluent. The physical properties of RP-3 were obtained using the generalized corresponding state laws based on the fourcomponent surrogate model. Mass flow rate is 0.3 g/s, system pressure is 3 MPa, inlet temperature is 373 K. Inclination of the inclined pipe varied from -90° to 90°, with heat flux varied from 300 k W/m~2 to 400 kW/m~2. Comparison between the calculated result and the experimental data indicates the range of error reasonable. The results of ±45° show that temperature inhomogeneity in inclined pipe produce the secondary flow in its cross section due to the buoyancy force. Depending on the strength of the temperature inhomogeneity, there will be two different forms of secondary flow and both contribute to the convective heat transfer in the pipe. The secondary flow intensity decreases when the inhomogeneity alleviates and thermal acceleration will play a leading role. It will have a greater impact on the turbulent flow to affect the convective heat transfer in the pipe. When changing the inclination, it affects the magnitude of the buoyant component in flow direction. The angle increases, the buoyancy component decreases. And the peak temperature of wall dominated by the secondary flow will move forward and increase in height.     

挤压油膜阻尼器的热平衡分析

利用变分有限元法对挤压油膜阻尼器（简称ＳＦＤ）的热平衡问题进行了分析计算。文中根据雷诺边界条件，通过联立求解ＳＦＤ的雷诺方程、能量方程得到了ＳＦＤ的压力分布、滑油流量等参数。为ＳＦＤ的设计与计算提供了更为可靠的理论依据。     

载荷分布对叶栅损失影响的试验研究

采用5孔探针、表面静压孔和墨迹显示技术,对2套具有不同载荷分布的后部加载涡轮叶栅内的三维流场进行了详细的测量分析。结果表明:优化载荷分布的叶栅和原叶栅相比,总流动损失明显降低。     

A review of topology optimization for additive manufacturing: Status and challenges

Topology optimization was developed as an advanced structural design methodology to generate innovative lightweight and high-performance configurations that are difficult to obtain with conventional ideas. Additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing technique building as-designed structures via layer-by-layer joining material, providing an alternative pattern for complex components. The integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing can make the most of their advantages and potentials, and has wide application prospects in modern manufacturing. This article reviews the main content and applications of the research on the integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing in recent years, including multi-scale or hierarchical structural optimization design and topology optimization considering additive manufacturing constraints. Meanwhile, some challenges of structural design approaches for additive manufacturing are discussed, such as the performance characterization and scale effects of additively manufactured lattice structures, the anisotropy and fatigue performance of additively manufactured material, and additively manufactured functionally graded material issues, etc. It is shown that in the research of topology optimization for additive manufacturing, the integration of material, structure, process and performance is important to pursue high-performance, multi-functional and lightweight production. This article provides a reference for further related research and aerospace applications.     

基于改进HOG特征的空间非合作目标检测

传统的非合作目标检测方法大都基于一定的匹配模板,这不仅需要预先指定先验信息,进而设计合适的检测模板,而且同一模板只能对具有相似形状的目标进行检测,不易直接用于检测形状未知的非合作目标。为降低检测过程中对目标形状等先验信息的要求,借鉴基于规范化梯度的物体区域估计方法,提出一种基于改进方向梯度直方图特征的目标检测方法,首先构建包含有自然图像和目标图像的训练数据集;然后提取标记区域的改进方向梯度直方图特征,以更好地保持局部特征的结构性,并根据级联支持向量机训练模型,从数据集中自动学习目标物体的判别特征;最后,将训练后的模型用于检测测试集图像中的目标。实验结果表明,算法在由4953幅和100幅图像构成的测试集中分别取得94.5%和94.2%的检测率,平均每幅图像的检测时间约为0.031 s,具有较低的时间开销,且对目标的旋转及光照变化具有一定的鲁棒性。     

机载液冷源系统热特性仿真实验研究

大功率的航空机载电子设备会存在超温问题,相比于风冷,采用液冷源对设备进行冷却具有更好的散热效果,因此需要对液冷源系统进行热特性仿真计算。以某型机载液冷源为例,建立其主要部件（包括储液箱、齿轮泵、散热器等）的传热理论数值计算模型,仿真分析-40~40 ℃温度工况下的系统热特性,并通过状态机编程实现超温情况下的温控仿真。结果表明：该型机载液冷源系统在典型工况下温度指标基本满足冷板进口温度（5~30 ℃）的技术指标要求;在系统温度上下偏值较大的情况下,采取提高风机转速或打开冲压空气口的控制方法,可明显改善该问题且冷板温度基本控制在 5~15 ℃范围内。     

日球参数的卡林顿共转变化(Ⅰ)——第20太阳活动周的平均特性

本文统计分析了第20太阳周在地球轨道处观测到的有关的日球参数, 系统地给出了各种参数的平均共转变化规律:20太阳活动周的平均卡林顿周变化普遍具有双峰特征.能流极大值出现在高速流与低速流相互作用区内, 两峰能流输出并不均衡.声速的变化与太阳风速相似, 但高速流的马赫数反比低速流的低.等离子体参数对反映共转高速流并不灵敏.