磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺框架结构的拓扑优化设计

建立磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺框架结构的有限元分析模型,对控制力矩陀螺框架结构进行模态分析,阐述了框架结构优化设计的基本思路.结合双向渐进优化算法拓扑优化理论,基于通用有限元分析软件ANSYS的参数化设计语言和二次开发语言,开发了连续体拓扑优化模块.以框架结构的最低阶频率值为约束条件,以框架结构质量最小为优化目标,引入名义应力的概念,建立框架结构固有振型与名义应力的关系,实现了磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺框架结构的动态拓扑优化,扩展了双向渐进优化算法的应用范围.优化后的结构构型具有更为合理的质量和刚度布局,频率提高11.49%,质量减少5.65%.     

Early effects of low dose C ion or X-ray irradiation on human peripheral blood lymphocytes

The aim of this study was to estimate the acute effects of low dose ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation on human immune function. The human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) of seven healthy donors were exposed to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation and cell responses were measured at 24 h after exposure. The cytotoxic activities of HPBL were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT); the percentages of T and NK cells subsets were detected by flow cytometry; mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ were examined by real time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR); and these cytokines protein levels in supernatant of cultured cells were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results showed that the cytotoxic activity of HPBL, mRNA expression of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α in HPBL and their protein levels in supernatant were significantly increased at 24 h after exposure to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions radiation and the effects were stronger than observed for X-ray exposure. However, there was no significant change in the percentage of T and NK cells subsets of HPBL. These results suggested that 0.05 Gy high linear energy transfer (LET) ¹²C⁶⁺ radiation was a more effective approach to host immune enhancement than that of low LET X-ray. We conclude that cytokines production might be used as sensitive indicators of acute response to LDI.     

Conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system containing crops and silkworms

This article summarizes a conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system for permanent lunar base or planetary exploration. The system consists of seven compartments – higher plants cultivation, animal rearing, human habitation, water recovery, waste treatment, atmosphere management, and storages. Fifteen kinds of crops, such as wheat, rice, soybean, lettuce, and mulberry, were selected as main life support contributors to provide the crew with air, water, and vegetable food. Silkworms fed by crop leaves were designated to produce partial animal nutrition for the crew. Various physical-chemical and biological methods were combined to reclaim wastewater and solid waste. Condensate collected from atmosphere was recycled into potable water through granular activated carbon adsorption, iodine sterilization, and trace element supplementation. All grey water was also purified though multifiltration and ultraviolet sterilization. Plant residue, human excrement, silkworm feces, etc. were decomposed into inorganic substances which were finally absorbed by higher plants. Some meat, ingredients, as well as nitrogen fertilizer were prestored and resupplied periodically. Meanwhile, the same amount and chemical composition of organic waste was dumped to maintain the steady state of the system. A nutritional balanced diet was developed by means of the linear programming method. It could provide 2721 kcal of energy, 375.5 g of carbohydrate, 99.47 g of protein, and 91.19 g of fat per capita per day. Silkworm powder covered 12.54% of total animal protein intakes. The balance of material flows between compartments was described by the system of stoichiometric equations. Basic life support requirements for crews including oxygen, food, potable and hygiene water summed up to 29.68 kg per capita per day. The coefficient of system material closure reached 99.40%.     

Radio fine structures in dm–cm wavelength range associated with magnetic reconnection processes

Radio bursts with fine structures in decimetric–centimetric wave range are generally believed to manifest the primary energy release process during flare/CME events. By spectropolarimeters in 1–2 GHz, 2.6–3.8 GHz, and 5.2–7.6 GHz at NAOC/Huairou with very high temporal (1.25–8 ms) and spectral (4–20 MHz) resolutions, the zebra patterns, spikes, and new types of radio fine structures with mixed frequency drift features are observed during several significant flare/CME events. In this paper we will discuss the occurrence of radio fine structures during the impulsive phase of flares and/or CME initiations, which may be connected to the magnetic reconnection processes.     

Super resolution SAR imaging via parametric spectral estimationmethods

Super resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation via sophisticated parametric spectral estimation algorithms is considered. Parametric spectral estimation methods are devised based on parametric data models and are used to estimate the model parameters. Since SAR images rather than model parameters are often used in SAR applications, we use the parameter estimates obtained with the parametric methods to simulate data matrices of large dimensions and then use the fast Fourier transform (FFT) methods on them to generate SAR images with super resolution. Experimental examples using the MSTAR and Environmental Research Institute of Michigan (ERIM) data illustrate that robust spectral estimation algorithms can generate SAR images of higher resolution than the conventional FFT methods and enhance the dominant target features     

地坪的热膨胀在飞机制造中对互换协调的影响

本文针对大、中型飞机生产中出现的严重不协调现象,对厂房地坪相对于室温变化的伸缩情况,进行了试验研究。测出了厂房地坪相对于室温变化的伪热膨胀系数α地伪,找出了在与地坪固定的型架中装配产品时,产生严重不协调现象的原因是厂房地坪的伪热膨胀系数大大小于工装和产品常用材料钢和铝合金的热膨胀系数,而严重地影响着固定于地坪上的型架中各尺寸随室温变化的伸缩量。同时也导出了在不同结构型式、不同材料的工装间,在不同室温下装配产品时,所产生的热膨胀综合误差的通用计算公式。探讨了型架结构发展的方向。     

Selective laser melting of Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si alloy: Investigation on the resultant microstructure and hardness

This article presents the microstructure and hardness variation of an Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si(wt%, FVS0812) alloy after selective laser melting(SLM) modification. Three zones were distinguished across the melting pool of the SLM-processed FVS0812 alloy: the laser melted zone(LMZ), the melting pool border, and the heat affected zone(HAZ) in the previously deposited area around the melting pool. Inside the LMZ, either an extremely fine cellular-dendritic structure or a mixture zone of the a-Al matrix and nanoscale Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si particles appeared. With a decreased laser beam scanning speed, the cellular-dendritic structure zone within the LMZ shrank significantly while the mixture zone expanded. The a-Al and Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si mixture zone was also observed in the HAZ, but another phase, submicron h-Al_(13)Fe_4 particles with rectangular or hexagonal shapes,formed along the melting pool border. Microhardness tests indicated that the hardness of the SLM-processed FVS0812 samples far exceeded that of the as-cast FVS0812 alloy.     

基于DSP的飞机全电刹车数字防滑刹车控制器设计

分析了飞机全电刹车系统的基本结构及其工作原理,在此基础上,提出了以先进的数字信号处理器(DSP)为核心的数字防滑刹车控制器,采用速度差加压力偏调(PD+PBM)控制算法,使用ARJNC429总线通信方式进行通信,完成了数字防滑刹车控制器的软硬件设计及系统调试等.试验结果表明,该数字防滑刹车控制器工作稳定可靠,与系统联试...     

谈飞机结构装配工艺中几个细节问题的完善

基于飞机生产过程中长期固存的问题进行要点采摘,对于操作者在生产过程中的认识误区、原因分析做出比较详尽的叙述,对于完善设计和改良产品质量能够提供一定的帮助.     

浅谈超声衍射时差法(TOFD)检测技术

介绍了TOFD的基本原理、系统参数的设置、缺陷定性定量分析以及TOFD的优点和局限性,为TOFD检测技术的应用、推广提供参考.