Application of small-size antennas for estimation of angles of arrival of HF signals scattered by ionospheric irregularities

A modification of the Doppler Interferometry Technique is suggested to enable estimating angles of arrival of comparatively broadband HF signals scattered by random irregularities of the ionospheric plasma with the use of small-size weakly directional antennas. The technique is based on the measurements of cross-spectra phases of the probe radiation recorded at least in three spatially separated points. The developed algorithm has been used to investigate the angular and frequency-time characteristics of HF signals propagating at frequencies above the maximum usable one (MUF) for the direct radio path Moscow-Kharkiv. The received signal spectra show presence of three families of spatial components attributed, respectively, to scattering by plasma irregularities near the middle point of the radio path, ground backscatter signals and scattering of the sounding signals by the intense plasma turbulence associated with auroral activations. It has been shown that the regions responsible for the formation of the third family components are located well inside the auroral oval. The drift velocity and direction of the auroral ionosphere plasma have been determined. The obtained estimates are consistent with the classical conception of the ionospheric plasma convection at high latitudes and do not contradict the results of investigations of the auroral ionosphere dynamics using the SuperDARN network.     

Aircraft nonlinear stability analysis and multidimensional stability region estimation under icing conditions

Icing is one of the crucial factors that could pose great threat to flight safety,and thus research on stability and stability region of aircraft safety under icing conditions is significant for control and flight.Nonlinear dynamical equations and models of aerodynamic coefficients of an air craft are set up in this paper to study the stability and stability region of the aircraft under an icing condition.Firstly,the equilibrium points of the iced aircraft system are calculated and analyzed based on the theory of differential equation stability.Secondly,according to the correlation theory about equilibrium points and the stability region,this paper estimates the multidimensional stability region of the aircraft,based on which the stability regions before and after icing are compared.Finally,the results are confirmed by the time history analysis.The results can give a reference for stability analysis and envelope protection of the nonlinear system of an iced aircraft.     

Genetic differentiation induced by spaceflight treatment of Cistanche deserticola and identification of inter-simple sequence repeat markers associated with its medicinal constituent contents

The dried, fleshy stems of Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae) are popular tonics in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to treat the inability of kidney in expelling extra fluid in the body, causing fluid retention, and reform reproductive system. However, the wild plants of C. deserticola have become endangered due to habitat downsizing and over-harvesting for its medicinal usages. The present research was carried out for the following purposes: (1) promoting the space-breeding research; (2) providing molecular evidence for agricultural selective breeding; and (3) protecting this endangered herbal medicine and conserving its genetic resources.     

MSG-3在民用航空器维修大纲制定中的应用

国内民用航空器的研发起步较晚,目前投入运行的国产航空器型号种类和数量都不多,航空器制造厂家在制定维修大纲方面的经验较少.本文对国际上通行的MSG-3维修任务分析方法进行研究,首先介绍MSG-3维修任务分析方法产生和发展的历史背景,以及其在国内民机型号中的应用;然后详细叙述MSG-3维修任务分析方法(包括航空器系统、动力装置维修任务的分析方法,结构检查和区域检查任务的分析方法,以及形成维修大纲的流程和维修任务的后期优化);最后通过对航空器型号的审查经验,总结我国民用航空器制造厂家在制定航空器维修大纲时存在的问题和改进方向.     

基于格子Boltzmann方法表面形貌对微通道对流换热的影响

为推动微通道冷却技术在航空发动机中的应用,进一步提高航空发动机性能,本文通过扫描电子显微镜、粗糙度扫描仪等多方式扫描得到实际加工物体表面形貌,结合分形理论进行处理,得到真实、光滑、分形插值、康托尔集四类圆形截面管模型,管径100μm~400μm;采用格子Boltzmann方法进行数值模拟,首先通过与文献中实验结果的对比,验证了此方法的正确性,然后对空气在这四类圆形截面微通道中的对流换热特性进行了数值模拟,计算雷诺数Re范围80~640;结果发现：表面形貌是微通道中对流换热不可忽略的因素,相对粗糙度越大越有利于换热,真实扫描管的换热性能要比相同条件下光滑管高2.22%;分形理论可用于微通道表面形貌的构建,在相同迭代次数下,分形插值模型与真实扫描形貌换热性能相差0.03%,而康托尔集模型与真实扫描形貌换热性能相差1.88%,分形插值模型较康托尔集模型更能真实地反映实际形貌;微通道中,随着雷诺数的增加Nu将不再是常数,而是有增加的趋势。     

小型化星载Ku频段宽带扇形波束圆极化天线

为适应星载天线小型化、宽带、高性能的发展趋势,提出一种小型化星载Ku频段宽带扇形波束圆极化天线。通过在H面扇形喇叭口处加入曲折线圆极化器实现天线圆极化,将传统平面圆极化器变为半圆柱形,天线的包络尺寸减小近36%。同时,在喇叭口处增加介质透镜,在有限尺寸内将球面波调节为平面波。半圆柱极化器和介质透镜的设计可共同调节入射波束角度,提升天线的宽角波束覆盖性能。利用CST软件建立模型进行仿真,仿真结果表明：天线结构紧凑、波束覆盖范围宽,俯仰面大于11.3dBi的增益覆盖范围达90°。半圆柱极化器的设计为星载天线的小型化、低成本设计提供新的思路。     

PE燃料热解过程对H2O2-PE固液发动机点火的影响

通过85%H2O2-PE固液火箭发动机中含有液体层的燃料热解模型,计算了PE燃料的热解过程,分析了燃料热解过程对点火时间的影响,计算结果和试验值一致。H2O2的流量对点火过程起决定性作用,当氧化剂流量低于最小点火流量时,发动机将无法点火。     

基于大数据技术的情报侦察

Guo Yong(Comprehensive Planning Burean, Navel Equipment Department,Beijing 100841,China)     

液体推进剂在轨剩余量测量方法研究进展

介绍了在轨航天器液体推进剂剩余量测量技术国内外研究进展,并展望了未来的研究方向。首先简要介绍了造成微重力条件下液体推进剂剩余量测量困难的原因;接着回顾了液体推进剂剩余量测量技术的发展脉络,将其技术发展分为技术萌芽、技术成熟和新技术探索三个阶段;然后从基本原理、误差分析、研究进展等方面综述了常用的簿记法(Book-Keeping,BK)、压力体积温度法(Pressure-Volume-Temperature,PVT)和热量激励法(Thermal Gauging Method,TGM)等液体推进剂在轨剩余量测量技术,对比分析了各种方法的优缺点;最后,展望了液体推进剂在轨剩余量测量技术的发展方向:一是利用不同测量技术在不同卫星寿命期间具有不同测量精度的特点,将多种测量技术进行结合,以提高整体测量精度;二是开发适用于卫星全寿命周期高精度测量的新方法。     

预旋系统稳态和非稳态计算对比研究

针对预旋系统由于旋转引起流场和温度场参数周期性瞬态变化的问题,分别采用滑移网格的瞬态法和固定转子相位的稳态法进行数值求解,并在稳态计算中通过改变转子相位来近似模拟非稳态问题的时空变化特性。通过稳态空间平均结果与非稳态时均结果的对比,以期为预旋系统非稳态问题的低成本求解提供方法依据。结果表明：稳态计算结果与非稳态计算结果相比,周期性波动频率一致,接受孔进口处,稳态计算的压力波动幅度小39%左右,温度波动幅度小15%左右;多个相位的稳态空间平均结果与非稳态时均结果相比,压力高0.2%,温度低0.1%;采用多个计算周期数与单个周期的非稳态计算结果差异微小。当采用喷嘴出口气流中心正对接受孔迎风面前缘的转子相位时,稳态计算结果与非稳态计算时均结果最接近。