脉冲等离子体推力器推进剂烧蚀传热计算

运用磁流体动力学的方法,建立脉冲等离子体推力器工作过程模型,展开三维仿真研究,对推进剂的烧蚀传热过程进行分析。通过该模型计算得到的推进剂烧蚀质量和元冲量能够反映出实验结果的大体趋势,同时针对不同电容以及两种不同推力室构型的情况进行了评估。结果显示,推进剂的温度变化波形反映着放电波形的变化波形,影响着推力室等离子体的流动,良好的推进剂表面温度分布更有助于推进剂的喷射过程。     

S弯进气道优化设计及分析

为改进隐身飞行器推进系统的气动性能,针对S弯进气道开展了设计和分析。基于数值模拟方法、代理模型和遗传算法构建了一套自动优化方法。在优化设计过程中,结合参数化建模、网格自动生成和改进(SST)湍流模型求解,应用优化方法对飞行器进行了多目标设计,得到了进气道的优化推荐构型。应用尺度自适应模拟(SAS)方法对优化进气道气动性能进行了全面和细致的分析。研究结果表明:SAS方法可以较好地模拟S弯进气道的流动,优化设计能够极大地改进S弯进气道的气动性能;相比原始设计,优化进气道设计点的总压畸变指数降低了16.3%,总压恢复系数提高了1.1%。     

一种时间欠采样实时频率和二维角估计方法

提出了用均匀平行线阵和阵元输出信号的时间延迟估计时间欠采样来波频率、方位角和仰角的方法．该算法在ＤＦＴ波束空间使用ＰＲＯＥＳＰＲＩＴ方法,实现频率无模糊估计,完成来波信号频率和角度的估计．频率间接估计算法是先估计数字频率,然后用数字频率求模拟频率,其估计方差比直接估计算法的方差要小几个数量级．仿真实验表明了算法的有效性．     

基于奇异摄动法的水下机器人串-并联PID控制

针对串级PID控制应用于水下机器人位置、姿态控制时出现的收敛速度慢、抗扰动能力差等问题,提出一种基于奇异摄动法的串-并联PID控制方法.使用时标分解法得到水下机器人的快慢子系统模型,根据奇异摄动法设计串-并联PID控制.以自主设计的水下机器人为基础,使用最小二乘法测定水动力参数.通过仿真与实验证明串-并联PID控制具有...     

重粒子碰撞对霍尔推力器通道等离子体影响数值研究

为了研究重粒子碰撞对霍尔推力器通道等离子体影响,采用PIC/MCC/DSMC混合法对放电通道工作过程进行数值仿真研究。建立放电通道二维数值仿真模型,模型中对重粒子碰撞进行重点考虑。估算了通道内各粒子碰撞下的平均自由程,并针对重粒子碰撞单一变量开展了2个仿真模型计算,并对结果进行了对比分析及验证。结果表明:重粒子碰撞对通道内离子数密度分布影响较大,主要表现为离子数密度分布在电离区更为均匀,离子数密度峰值下降6.9%;离子轴向速度影响较小,出口处离子轴向平均速度下降1.3%。与实验结果对比验证,重粒子碰撞因素使仿真结果与测试值之间误差由9.0%缩小到7.3%。     

Experimental research of air-throttling ignition for a scramjet at Ma 6.5

An experimental investigation on ignition characteristics with air-throttling in an ethylene-fueled scramjet under flight Ma 6.5 conditions was conducted.The dynamic process of air-throttling ignition was explored systematically.The influences of throttling parameters,i.e.,throttling mass rate and duration,were investigated.When the throttling mass rate was 45% of the inflow mass rate,ambient ethylene could be ignited reliably.The delay time from ignition to throttling was about 45–55 ms.There was a threshold of throttling duration under a certain throttling mass rate.It was shorter than 100 ms when the throttling mass rate was 45%.While a 45%throttling mass rate would make the shock train propagate upstream to the isolator entry in about10–15 ms,four lower throttling mass rates were tested,including 30%,25%,20%,and 10%.All of these throttling mass rates could ignite ethylene.However,combustion performances varied with them.A higher throttling mass rate made more ethylene combust and produced higher wall pressure.Through these experiments,some aspects of the relationships between ignition,flame stabilization,combustion efficiency,and air-throttling parameters were brought to light.These results could also be a benchmark for CFD validation.     

GPS scintillation and TEC gradients at equatorial latitudes in April 2006

We use observations of ionospheric scintillation at equatorial latitudes from two GPS receivers specially modified for recording, at a sampling rate of 50 Hz, the phase and the amplitude of the L1 signal and the Total Electron Content (TEC) from L1 and L2. The receivers, called GISTM (GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitor), are located in Vietnam (Hue, 16.4°N, 107.6°E; Hoc Mon, 10.9°N, 106.6°E). These experimental observations are analysed together with the tomographic reconstruction of the ionosphere produced by the Multi-Instrument Data Analysis System (MIDAS) for investigating the moderate geomagnetic storm which occurred on early April 2006, under low solar activity. The synergic adoption of the ionospheric imaging and of the GISTM measurements supports the identification of the scale-sizes of the ionospheric irregularities causing scintillations and helps the interpretation of the physical mechanisms generating or inhibiting the appearance of the equatorial F layer irregularities. In particular, our study attributes to the turning of the IMF (Interplanetary Magnetic Field) between northward and southward direction an important role in the inhibition of the generation of spread F irregularities resulting in a lack of scintillation enhancement in the post-sunset hours.     

企业HR管理的e化发展

企业的竞争实际上就是人才的竞争。信息技术为人力资源管理提供了发展的动力。电子人才资源，即eHR，是一种全新的人力资源管理模式，实际上指的是人力资源管理信息化的全面解决方案，是对传统HRMS在技术上与理念上的延伸，使HR部门从琐碎的行政事务中解脱，从而扮演一个战略性的角色，这一角色所经营的是企业最重要的资产：人才。     

CNES—the way forward: A new strategic plan

This article is based on the French space centre's (CNES) new strategic plan, which marks a shift in strategy. Guided in particular by changed political circumstances and the growing maturity of the space industry, the agency plans to renegotiate its relationships in all major sectors. While the inevitability of European integration and hence cooperation is acknowledged, there is a firm commitment to ensuring that French national and foreign policy is well served.     

A new landing impact attenuation seat in manned spacecraft biologically-inspired by felids

When manned spacecraft comes back to the earth, it relies on the impact attenuation seat to protect astronauts from injuries during landing phase. Hence, the seat needs to transfer impact load, as small as possible, to the crew. However, there is little room left for traditional seat to improve further. Herein, a new seat system biologically-inspired by felids’ landing is proposed.Firstly, a series of experiments was carried out on cats and tigers, in which they were trained to jump down voluntarily from different heights. Based on the ground reaction forces combined with kinematics, the experiment indicated that felids’ landing after self-initial jump was a multi-step impact attenuation process and the new seat was inspired by this. Then the construction and work process of new seat were redesigned to realize the multi-step impact attenuation. The dynamic response of traditional and new seat is analyzed under the identical conditions and the results show that the new concept seat can significantly weaken the occupant overload in two directions compared with that of traditional seat. As a consequence, the risk of injury evaluated for spinal and head is also lowered, meaning a higher level of protection which is especially beneficial to the debilitated astronaut.