一种基于不对称再入体的制导与控制方法研究

研究一种不对称再入体的再入机动控制方法.不对称再入体气动外形简单,它的升力大小一般不可控,但可通过滚动控制调整升力的方向实现机动飞行.为实现不对称再入体的精确制导,本文研究了一种滚速可调的“滚转制导律”,通过调整制导系数,可以兼顾再入体滚动角速度和落点精度的要求;设计了不对称再人体滚动通道的喷流控制方案,给出了滚动姿态...     

层板发汗冷却推力室传热分析

对于采用层板发汗冷却的推力室,为了最大限度地减少冷却剂流量,理想情况是,应根据不同轴向位置的受热情况来分配冷却剂流量,以使各处的壁面温度都控制在材料的许用温度内.本文运用有限体积法,对层板发汗冷却推力室内的燃气流动和壁面内的传热进行了数值模拟,同时通过调节冷却剂吹风比,使各处的壁面温度都控制在材料的许用温度之内.为综合...     

NASA strategic planning for 2000 and beyond

This short paper outlines the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration's development of its 2000 Strategic Plan.     

Intelsat's next generation satellite for the Americas

In order to meet the growing demand for high performance C- and Ku-Band services in the Americas, INTELSAT contracted with Astrium in February 2000 to procure a high capacity communications spacecraft for its 310°E operational location. The spacecraft platform is based on Astrium's next generation platform, the Eurostar 3000. Several new technologies such as integrated Data Handling System, Plasma Propulsion System, etc. are integral features of this platform. The communication payload comprises 36 C-Band and 20 high power Ku-Band transponders. The beam coverages are tailored for the 310°E orbital location and are implemented using a hybrid shaped antenna design approach, where multiple C-Band coverages are generated from a single shaped reflector utilizing a pair of Tx/Rx feed horns for each coverage. The Ku-Band coverages are generated by the classical dual Gregorian shaped reflector antenna design approach. With a total dry mass on the order of 2650 kg and a separated launch mass of 5400 kg, the spacecraft is compatible with most of the available launch vehicles providing mission life of greater than 13 years. The paper will provide technical details of the spacecraft.     

基于CE-PF算法的舰载机离场调度优化问题

甲板作业调度研究是提升航母战斗力的关键技术,而其具有时间、空间与资源受限的复杂约束调度问题已被证实为NP-hard。根据舰载机出动离场调度优化问题的特点,将其抽象为零缓存区混合流水车间调度模型,建立包含飞机避碰等约束的混合整数规划模型。提出一种交叉熵与作业剖面匹配(CE-PF)算法用于问题求解,并给出了算法流程架构。交叉熵算法通过高斯采样完成启发式规则下的工件分组,作业剖面匹配算法完成分组工件的任务排序、作业编排及约束检查等调度设计,Gap逼近算法进行目标值评估、精英种群选择、抽样参数更新及收敛判定。通过算例仿真,验证了CE-PF算法求解离场调度优化问题的有效性;灵敏度分析表明起飞模式和空间约束对出动效能影响较大。      

测量数据中色噪声处理方法探讨

针对经纬仪对高速运动目标测量数据的色噪声处理问题进行了分析探讨。介绍了目前对经纬仪测量数据随机误差进行处理的常用方法,指出了该方法对色噪声处理存在的问题,在对测量序列相关性采用差分方法进行分析的基础上,提出了对色噪声数据采用的两种处理策略——非相关转换法和相关数据平滑法,详细介绍了两种处理策略的计算过程和方法,并通过实测数据的处理实例,验证了所提出处理策略的有效性和合理性,最后对两种方法的特点进行了比较分析。     

On ULF Signatures of Lightning Discharges

Recent works on magnetic signatures due to distant lightning discharges are reviewed. Emphasis is laid on magnetic signatures in the ULF range (in the old definition from less than 1 mHz up to 1 Hz), that is in the frequency range below the Schumann resonance. These signatures are known to be of importance for the excitation of the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR) which works only at night time conditions. This emphasizes the difference between night and day time ULF signatures of lightning. The IAR forms a link between the atmosphere and magnetosphere. Similarities and differences of this link in the VLF (Trimpi effect) and ULF range are worked out. A search for a unique signature of sprite-associated positive cloud-to-ground (⁺CG) lightning discharges ended with a negative result. In this context, however, a new model of lightning-associated induced mesospheric currents was built. Depending on mesospheric condition it can produce magnetic signatures in the entire frequency range from VLF, ELF to ULF. In the latter case it can explain signatures known as the Ultra Slow Tail of ⁺CG lightning discharges. A current problem on the magnetic background noise intensity has been solved by taking more seriously the contribution of ⁺CG lightning discharges to the overall background noise. Their low occurrence rate is more than compensated by their large and long lasting continuing currents. By superposed epoch analysis it could be shown that the ULF response to ^?CG is one to two orders smaller that in case of ⁺CG with similar peak current values of the return stroke.     

Atmospheric Electricity at Saturn

The Cassini mission provides a great opportunity to enlarge our knowledge of atmospheric electricity at the gas giant Saturn. Following Voyager studies, the RPWS (Radio and Plasma Wave Science) instrument has measured again the so-called SEDs (Saturn Electrostatic Discharges) which are the radio signature of lightning flashes. Observations by Cassini/ISS (Imaging Science Subsystem) have shown cloud features in Saturn’s atmosphere whose occurrence, longitudinal drift rate, and brightness were strongly related to the SEDs. In this paper we will review the main physical parameters of the SEDs. Lightning does not only give us clues about the dynamics of the atmosphere, but also serves as a natural tool to investigate properties of Saturn’s ionosphere. We will also discuss other lightning related phenomena and compare Saturn lightning with terrestrial and Jovian lightning.     

复杂结构角系数计算方法

推导了能束在辐射半球面上均匀分布的角系数计算公式.根据面元间的位置关系,把有限元和能束均匀分布法相结合计算复杂结构的角系数.采用三角形网格统一表示边界面并根据边界面网格进行角系数计算的遮挡判断.计算结果表明,方法的计算精度比有限元法和蒙特卡洛法高,计算效率比蒙特卡洛法高,遮挡判断方法准确高效.      

Plasmaspheric Density Structures and Dynamics: Properties Observed by the CLUSTER and IMAGE Missions

Plasmaspheric density structures have been studied since the discovery of the plasmasphere in the late 1950s. But the advent of the Cluster and Image missions in 2000 has added substantially to our knowledge of density structures, thanks to the new capabilities of those missions: global imaging with Image and four-point in situ measurements with Cluster. The study of plasma sources and losses has given new results on refilling rates and erosion processes. Two-dimensional density images of the plasmasphere have been obtained. The spatial gradient of plasmaspheric density has been computed. The ratios between H⁺, He⁺ and O⁺ have been deduced from different ion measurements. Plasmaspheric plumes have been studied in detail with new tools, which provide information on their morphology, dynamics and occurrence. Density structures at smaller scales have been revealed with those missions, structures that could not be clearly distinguished before the global images from Image and the four-point measurements by Cluster became available. New terms have been given to these structures, like “shoulders”, “channels”, “fingers” and “crenulations”. This paper reviews the most relevant new results about the plasmaspheric plasma obtained since the start of the Cluster and Image missions.