动基座对准试验及结果分析

本文讨论了动基座对准的摇摆试验，设计了改进Ｋａｌｍａｎ滤波器，给出了试验结果和分析，得到了一些有益的结论。试验结果表明，该摇摆方案能满足某型号导弹的方位对准要求，只要将离线Ｋａｌｍａｎ滤波算法改为在线计算，即可进行方位的实时对准     

自校正卡尔曼滤波及其在组合导航中的应用

自校正卡尔曼滤波可在状态估计的同时对状态方程的参数及卡尔曼增益进行辨识，从而提高了适应能力。文中讨论了它在组合导航中的应用。     

Retrieval of vegetation equivalent water thickness from reflectance using genetic algorithm (GA)-partial least squares (PLS) regression

This study aimed to investigate the performance of genetic algorithms coupled with partial least squares (GA-PLS) modeling of spectral reflectance in retrieving equivalent water thickness (EWT) at leaf and canopy level. A genetic algorithm was used to identify a subset of spectral bands sensitive to the variation in EWT, and PLS was then applied to relate the identified bands to EWT values. GA-PLS was applied to leaf level reflectance available from LOPEX dataset, and canopy data includes reflectance simulated by a leaf radiative transfer model PROSPECT and a canopy radiative transfer model SAILH and acquired by airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS). The results indicate that GA-PLS has the capability of retrieving EWT from leaf and canopy reflectance, and achieved good estimation accuracy, i.e. low root mean square errors (RMSE) and high squared correlation coefficients (R²). For the retrieval at leaf level, the estimation accuracy can be as good as RMSE = 0.0019 g/cm² and R² = 0.939 or better. For the retrieval at canopy level, the model accuracy is RMSE = 0.0061 g/cm² and R² = 0.966 or better when PROSPECT-SAILH simulated reflectance was used; when AVIRIS image spectra were used, the model accuracy is RMSE = 0.0094 g/cm² and R² = 0.8734 for the calibration, and RMSE = 0.0132 g/cm² and R² = 0.7756 for the validation. These results from GA-PLS modeling support the conclusion that GA-PLS has the potential to be applied to AVIRIS, Hyperion and HyMap imagery for retrieving EWT. The selected bands for the AVIRIS datasets differ from those for the LOPEX and PROSPECT-SAILH simulated datasets, and this inconsistence of the selected bands for different datasets indicates that the GA-PLS method has the advantage of tuning the optimum bands for PLS regression and accommodating the effects of confounding factors.     

跨声速轴流压气机叶片周向弯曲的数值优化

采用优化软件ISIGHT作为平台,集成了三维粘性流计算软件NUMECA和轴流压气机叶片造型程序,建立了一套叶轮机械气动性能优化系统.针对跨声速轴流压气机动叶和静叶的周向弯曲进行了优化.结果在整条特性线上,该级压气机的效率和压比都得到了不同程度的提高,充分验证了该叶轮机械气动性能优化系统的可靠性.同时表明转子的尖部反弯可以有效地减小叶尖间隙的横向流动.      

航天器隔舱结构优化设计

采用有限元方法、结构灵敏度分析技术及序列线性／二次规划方法进行隔舱减重优化设计。文章叙述了优化模型的确定、载荷工况及边界条件的选取,对优化设计中用到的敏度分析方法和优化算法进行了简介;对设计方案选取,优化结果的比较进行重点论述。通过分析验证及试验验证表明,隔舱结构减重优化设计效果显著,优化设计在航天器结构设计中具有重要意义。     

高超声速马赫反射

通过实验和数值计算模拟了激波（马赫数７．６）绕４０度压缩拐角的流动。实验是在气动中心激波管中完成的，数值模拟采用了层流的Ｎ－Ｓ方程，对无粘项、粘性项和化学源项分别采用了迎风ＴＶＤ格式、中心差分格式和点隐式的方法进行差分离散，计算了平衡与非平衡条件下的马赫反射流动，其数值计算结果与实验结果符合甚好。     

氧化锌色素在真空紫外辐照下降解机理的研究

研究氧化锌色素在真空紫外辐照下的降解机理,目的是为设计在宽间环境下稳定的氧化锌热涂层提供理论依据。仔细研究了自由电子在氧化锌中的吸收特性及真空紫外辐照对氧化锌电导的贡献,认为真空紫外辐照引起氧化锌色素表面化学吸附氧的解析,同时在氧化锌色素表面产生大量的氧空位,氧空位提供了导带中的自由电子,自由电子在导带内跃迁吸收近红外光子引起氧化锌色素光学性能的退化。     

超轻型电动飞机电动力系统的参数匹配

结合某型超轻型电动飞机的设计参数,阐述了电动力系统的布局、系统参数匹配的原则和步骤.提出了电动力系统参数匹配和性能验证的方法.从动力性、经济性、系统质量的角度验证了该系统的可行性.参考飞机的最大平飞速度为175.5km/h,大于设计要求的最大平飞速度170km/h,满足动力性能要求.电动力系统的运行费用为6.8元/h,是相近功率活塞发动机运行费用的1/8.与3种电动飞机相比,参考机型的功质比仍比较高,达0.0842kW/kg,为可接受值.