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31.
Zhujun Gu Weimin Ju Lin Li Dengqiu Li Yibo Liu Weiliang Fan 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) is an important vegetation parameter affecting exchanges of carbon, water, energy between the atmosphere and surface. In this study, the applicability of tonal and texture measures calculated using an IKONOS_2 image in retrieving VFC of forests was investigated in the urban area of Nanjing city, China. Four spectral vegetation indices (VI) and six texture measures (TEX) were related to VFCs acquired from in situ measurements. Models for estimating VFC based on VIs or/and TEXs were established and validated for planted low broad-leaf forest plots (PLB), planted mature forest plots (PMF), natural broad-leaf forest plots (NBF), and all forest plots (ALLv), respectively. The results show that high spatial resolution remote sensing data is applicable to estimate VFC in urban areas, and TEXs may act as effective supplements of vegetation indices (VIs) for the retrieval of VFC. VIs are suitable for VFC estimation of mature forests (such as NBF and PMF) with high vegetation density, and TEXs can yield a more accurate estimate for planted forests (such as PLB and PMF) with regular spatial distribution if they are calculated with proper parameters, such as window size. The combination of VIs and TEXs improve the estimation of VFC if forest types are not previously differentiated. The results can be used as a reference for determining effective spectral or texture parameters in VFC estimation under similar environmental conditions according to vegetation maturity and regularity. 相似文献
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A comparative study on acoustic damping induced by half-wave, quarter-wave, and Helmholtz resonators 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The damping characteristics of three-type resonators, a half-wave, a quarter-wave, and a Helmholtz resonator are studied experimentally by adopting linear acoustic test. A quantitative acoustic property of sound absorption coefficient in a model enclosure with the resonators is measured and thereby, the acoustic-damping capacity of a resonator is characterized. For a comparative study on acoustic damping, the damping capacity of a half-wave resonator is compared with that of the other resonators. A half-wave and a quarter-wave resonators have the same damping mechanism, but a quarter-wave resonator has much larger damping capacity than a half-wave resonator with the same diameter of a single resonator. It is found that shorter length of a resonator has the advantage of longer one with respect to the damping capacity. The damping capacity of a Helmholtz resonator increases with cavity volume and does as the orifice length decreases. A Helmholtz resonator has the highest damping capacity of three-type resonators and a half-wave resonator has the lowest. Besides, a Helmholtz resonator requires the smallest number of resonators for optimal damping. The design criterion of each resonator on the optimal damping is provided by the normalized parameter of open-area ratio and the similarity behavior for the optimal damping is observed for various enclosure diameters. 相似文献
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三元乙丙(EPDM)绝热烧蚀材料是一种新型的柔性绝热烧蚀材料,它在固体火箭发动机上正在获得越来越多的应用.它可用作火箭发动机燃烧室内绝热层,也可用作火箭发动机喷管收敛段及火箭的外绝热层.老化性能是材料的主要性能指标之一.它决定材料使用寿命及使用这种材料的产品寿命.固体推进火箭发动机对绝热烧蚀材料提出了相当高的要求,为使三元乙丙柔性绝热烧蚀材料在固体火箭发动机上获得广泛的应用,有必要对EPDM的老化性能有一个充分的认识.本文基于这个目的,对国外在EPDM胶料的老化、固化体系的影响;卤素有机化合物、抗氧剂的影响;以及火箭发动机用绝热层的老化等方面的研究作简要介绍,以提高我们对EPDM柔性绝热烧蚀材料老化性能的了解. 相似文献
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彭超义%鞠苏%杜刚%曾竟成%肖加余 《宇航材料工艺》2005,35(6):27-30
建立厚壁缠绕管件的轴压有限元模型,分析相同压缩载荷条件下不同缠绕角度对管件轴压模量,径向形变和剪应力的影响,并对厚壁缠绕管件在轴压载荷下的破坏模式和部位进行了预测分析。结果表明:受轴压管件的缠绕角度宜控制在20°以内,对管件端头进行环向缠绕加强可以提高管件的轴压强度和刚度。 相似文献
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本文在统一模型的考虑下,对1983年2月3日太阳3B级Hα双带耀斑和共生的爆发事件进行了综合分析研究.探讨了其中主要的共生辐射的物理过程和内在联系,并讨论了Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型和微波射电爆发源的非热电子束流对产生Hα双带耀斑和硬X射线爆发所起的重要作用. 相似文献
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