冷热循环对M40碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料影响的试验研究

对M40碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料进行了冷热循环试验,分别测试了经不同次数冷热循环后材料的质损率、弯曲强度和层剪强度,并通过扫描电镜对试样断口形貌进行了观察。结果表明:随着冷热循环次数的增加,样品有少量的质量损失;其剪切性能先增加后略有降低;碳纤维与树脂基体之间的界面结合状态良好。     

二驱动球形机器人的全方位运动特性分析

介绍一种新型二驱动球形机器人,它使用两个电机作为输入,而球形机器人在平面运动具有三个自由度,所以属于非完整欠驱动系统.内驱动机构通过改变配重重心的位置实现了球形机器人沿任意方向的运动,且球形机器人的位姿影响了球形机器人沿不同方向运动的灵活性.阐述了它的结构特点,利用非完整系统力学理论对球形机器人运动学、动力学进行了初步分析.采用欧拉角和三维转动群知识对球形机器人的全方位运动学特性进行了分析.     

基于3DT的空时自适应单脉冲参数估计算法

空时自适应处理(STAP)是机载预警雷达抑制杂波和干扰的一项关键技术,而多普勒三通道联合自适应处理(3DT)是适合工程实现的降维(RD)STAP方法。STAP目标检测后还需进一步估计目标的角度参数,因此将自适应单脉冲(AM)技术引入3DT,提出了一种高精度联合估计目标速度与方位空间角的空时自适应单脉冲算法。理论分析与仿真实验结果表明,当目标多普勒频率偏离检测多普勒单元中心频率时,该算法能同时减少目标多普勒跨越损失和空时导引矢量失配损失,进而提高输出信杂噪比(SCNR),改善目标测角精度。     

抛物化稳定性方程在曲面边界层中的应用

为了研究抛物化稳定性方程在曲面边界层中的应用,选取了等曲率圆环管道、等曲率板和NACA0012翼型3种典型的曲面边界层.通过计算小幅值扰动波的演化,抛物化稳定性方程的计算结果和线性稳定性理论、数值模拟扰动方程结果相符,说明可以使用抛物化稳定性方程研究曲面边界层的小幅值扰动波的演化和稳定性分析;通过计算有限幅值扰动波的演化,线性阶段抛物化稳定性方程计算结果和扰动方程相符,在非线性很强的阶段,抛物化稳定性方程计算发散,发散的位置可作为转捩位置.      

火星探测任务对环境模拟技术的需求展望

火星探测是深空探测的重点领域,任务特点决定了火星探测器发射前必须在地面进行各种验证试验。随着火星探测任务的持续深入开展将对环境模拟技术提出新的需求。文章在回顾了人类火星探测的历程之后,展望了未来火星探测任务的可能形式,分析了各种环境的地面模拟方法、试验技术所遇到的新挑战,并给出了建议。     

多旋翼无人飞行器必要建模因素

近年来多旋翼无人飞行器(UAV)成为了小型无人飞行器发展的热门领域,而学界对于多旋翼飞行器飞行力学建模与飞行力学特性分析的研究还相对较少。针对相关研究需求,基于传统旋翼模型,建立了适用于多旋翼无人飞行器的飞行力学模型,并利用此模型对多旋翼无人飞行器悬停模态特性进行了初步分析,结果显示多旋翼飞行器模态稳定性明显弱于传统直升机,且横向Phugoid模态取代了荷兰滚模态。随后利用弱耦合系统理论与纵向模态简化模型,对多旋翼建模过程中的旋翼旋转自由度(DOF)动态特性、入流模型和旋翼气动力矩的建模必要性进行了研究。分析表明,旋翼旋转自由度的动态特性在飞控增稳条件下对全机特性有着重要影响,入流分布对刚性旋翼的俯仰、滚转气动力矩有着决定性作用,而旋翼气动力矩是决定多旋翼悬停模态的重要因素,这三者在多旋翼建模分析中不能忽略。     

发动机控制系统时间限制派遣分析的若干可靠性理论问题

面向民用飞机与商用航空发动机的型号合格审定,需研究发动机控制系统时间限制派遣(TLD)分析的可靠性理论问题。基于TLD分析的开环与闭环马尔可夫模型,利用连续时间马尔可夫过程理论推导了发动机控制系统平均完整性水平的定义,该定义应当准确表述为不考虑维修时间的推力控制丧失(LOTC)频率;分别构建了单故障与多故障TLD分析的马尔可夫模型,分析了单故障与多故障TLD模型的特点。结果表明:与单故障模型相比,多故障TLD模型具有瞬时LOTC率是时间的函数、存在非派遣(ND)状态以及多故障状态有多种维修策略等特点;针对周期检查维修方式,利用条件寿命分布推导了检测间隔期发现故障条件下的平均故障前时间,进而求得平均故障暴露时间的计算公式。最后,结合某型实际FADEC系统给出了本文所提出理论的应用实例。     

加拿大移动服务系统地面遥操作模式综述

针对未来我国空间站机械臂地面遥操作任务需求,分析目前国际空间站上加拿大移动服务系统（Mobile Satellite Services,MSS）地面遥操作的系统设计和安全性问题。介绍了MSS的系统构成,分析了MSS地面遥操作需求,对比分析了在轨操作和地面遥操作模式的不同,以及地面遥操作的约束条件;介绍了MSS地面遥操作过程中的任务规划、任务执行和在轨调试;总结了对我国空间站机械臂遥操作的启示,为从事空间站机械臂地面遥操作的科研人员提供一定的借鉴和参考。     

DGPS-based aircraft flight guidance/test system

The utilization of the GPS system for Aircraft Flight Guidance/Test (AFGT) is a research project in China. The paper describes the concepts and the technical realization of such a system, including three components: ground subsystem, on-board subsystem and data communication link using TDMA technique. The purpose of the proposed AFGT system is to calibrate and verify performance of an on-board radar. Therefore, it must meet the requirements of evaluation of radar performances in several areas: accuracy, coverage range, and others. The AFGT System's displays are separately: a Moving Colored Digital Map on which flight trajectories, waypoints, and heights of aircrafts are clearly marked; and a Polar Coordinate Figure on which the bearings, headings, and distances of aircrafts relative to the origin of the ground control center are shown. The AFGT may monitor and guide several aircrafts flying in the pointed airspace. It support airport surface surveillance and air traffic control at the terminal area. A real-time software package RTTEST, which includes tracking display software and on-flight test software for radar evaluation, has conducted simulation with satisfactory position accuracy     

Characteristics of pulsed plasma synthetic jet and its control effect on supersonic flow

The plasma synthetic jet is a novel flow control approach which is currently being studied. In this paper its characteristic and control effect on supersonic flow is investigated both experimentally and numerically. In the experiment, the formation of plasma synthetic jet and its propagation velocity in quiescent air are recorded and calculated with time resolved schlieren method. The jet velocity is up to 100 m/s and no remarkable difference has been found after changing discharge parameters. When applied in Mach 2 supersonic flow, an obvious shockwave can be observed. In the modeling of electrical heating, the arc domain is not defined as an initial condition with fixed temperature or pressure, but a source term with time-varying input power density, which is expected to better describe the influence of heating process. Velocity variation with different heating efficiencies is presented and discussed and a peak velocity of 850 m/s is achieved in still air with heating power density of 5.0 · 1012W/m3. For more details on the interaction between plasma synthetic jet and supersonic flow, the plasma synthetic jet induced shockwave and the disturbances in the boundary layer are numerically researched. All the results have demonstrated the control authority of plasma synthetic jet onto supersonic flow.