Internet上的流媒体特性及用户访问行为研究

通过跟踪CERNET中典型流媒体服务器日志,分析了流媒体特性和用户访问行为,为在Internet上通过内容分送网络(CDN)高效分送流媒体内容及流代理服务器的仿真与设计提供实验依据.结果表明:流对象大小和播放持续时间较好地符合对数正态分布,平均位速率呈"双峰"变化特性;对流媒体的访问呈现出比Zipf分布更强烈的偏向性;请求具有定域性,其是由对文件排列中的前若干文件的频繁访问所造成,这些请求间具有较强时间相关性.指出了上述结论对仿真、设计和实现流媒体缓存代理服务器的意义.     

橡胶O形圈密封结构的有限元分析

建立固体火箭发动机的橡胶O形圈的二维轴对称模型,采用非线性有限元方法计算了O形橡胶圈在库存和工作状态的变形及应力,分析了上下法兰张开间隙、初始压缩量、密封槽口及槽底倒角半径、密封槽宽、密封圈材料、O形圈截面尺寸及工作温度等典型参数对密封性能的影响:上下法兰张开间隙、密封圈的初始压缩率、密封圈材料等典型参数对最大接触压应力影响较大,而密封槽槽口和槽底处倒角对剪切应力影响明显.这些分析为密封结构的优化设计打下了基础;同时探讨O形圈应力分布规律,确定密封圈易受损和失效关键部位,初步确立了固体火箭发动机密封失效准则和失效模式.     

Conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system containing crops and silkworms

This article summarizes a conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system for permanent lunar base or planetary exploration. The system consists of seven compartments – higher plants cultivation, animal rearing, human habitation, water recovery, waste treatment, atmosphere management, and storages. Fifteen kinds of crops, such as wheat, rice, soybean, lettuce, and mulberry, were selected as main life support contributors to provide the crew with air, water, and vegetable food. Silkworms fed by crop leaves were designated to produce partial animal nutrition for the crew. Various physical-chemical and biological methods were combined to reclaim wastewater and solid waste. Condensate collected from atmosphere was recycled into potable water through granular activated carbon adsorption, iodine sterilization, and trace element supplementation. All grey water was also purified though multifiltration and ultraviolet sterilization. Plant residue, human excrement, silkworm feces, etc. were decomposed into inorganic substances which were finally absorbed by higher plants. Some meat, ingredients, as well as nitrogen fertilizer were prestored and resupplied periodically. Meanwhile, the same amount and chemical composition of organic waste was dumped to maintain the steady state of the system. A nutritional balanced diet was developed by means of the linear programming method. It could provide 2721 kcal of energy, 375.5 g of carbohydrate, 99.47 g of protein, and 91.19 g of fat per capita per day. Silkworm powder covered 12.54% of total animal protein intakes. The balance of material flows between compartments was described by the system of stoichiometric equations. Basic life support requirements for crews including oxygen, food, potable and hygiene water summed up to 29.68 kg per capita per day. The coefficient of system material closure reached 99.40%.     

亚声速进气道设计敏感参数仿真分析

对不同气动布局的两种亚声速进气道建模,并针对两种进气道的敏感参数进行分析。通过对背部双发布局飞机进气道的隔道高度和喉道设计马赫数参数的研究可知,隔道高度增大或者喉道设计马赫数减小,使得进气道出口总压恢复系数增大,增量约0.5%。而对背部单发复杂形状进口(M型进口)布局飞机进气道的喉道形状研究显示,喉道形状越接近进口形状,进气道性能越好,较其他喉道形状进气道,M型喉道进气道出口总压恢复系数最高,最大增量约为1.5%。     

Selective laser melting of Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si alloy: Investigation on the resultant microstructure and hardness

This article presents the microstructure and hardness variation of an Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si(wt%, FVS0812) alloy after selective laser melting(SLM) modification. Three zones were distinguished across the melting pool of the SLM-processed FVS0812 alloy: the laser melted zone(LMZ), the melting pool border, and the heat affected zone(HAZ) in the previously deposited area around the melting pool. Inside the LMZ, either an extremely fine cellular-dendritic structure or a mixture zone of the a-Al matrix and nanoscale Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si particles appeared. With a decreased laser beam scanning speed, the cellular-dendritic structure zone within the LMZ shrank significantly while the mixture zone expanded. The a-Al and Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si mixture zone was also observed in the HAZ, but another phase, submicron h-Al_(13)Fe_4 particles with rectangular or hexagonal shapes,formed along the melting pool border. Microhardness tests indicated that the hardness of the SLM-processed FVS0812 samples far exceeded that of the as-cast FVS0812 alloy.     

6156-T4铝合金焊接加筋薄壁结构剩余强度评估的CTOD方法

为保证飞机设计满足损伤容限性能要求,有必要对其进行剩余强度评估。针对6156-T4铝合金焊接连接薄壁结构进行了R曲线和剩余强度试验,判断了裂纹扩展经过筋条时的裂纹扩展路径,测量了母板和筋条两个方向的裂纹扩展速率,并采用不同的断裂准则和分析方法对单及双跨度多个初始裂纹长度焊接加筋薄板的剩余强度进行了预测。结果表明:裂纹扩展在经过筋条时,同时沿着母板和筋条继续扩展,筋条上的裂纹扩展方向垂直于母板且两个方向的裂纹扩展速率基本相同;采用净截面屈服准则进行剩余强度预测时会低估这种韧性较好的焊接连接薄壁结构的剩余强度;基于SINTAP-FITNET评价体系,以裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD-δ5)作为裂纹尖端弹塑性表征参量进行剩余强度预测时,预测结果比采用K曲线预测方法精度高。     

行星轮系动态啮合应力研究

针对行星传动齿轮系的结构特点,建立了行星齿轮和主动齿轮的非线性接触有限元模型,应用AN-SYS软件进行了动态接触分析的研究。基于研究结果,建立了可以体现行星齿轮系在工作过程的啮合应力变化情况的计算模型,可以直观地观察到行星齿轮系从开始啮合到完全脱开整个过程中的应力分布及变化情况。选择20节点六面体单元,模拟齿轮受载情况,迅速、高效地得出整个齿轮系的强度、刚度分布云图,大大提高了设计效率。     

实际工程中混合模型的任务可靠性分配方法

随着可靠性工程在航空产业中的逐步开展,适合于实际工程中的可靠性分配方法变得日益重要,尤其对于实际工程中混合模型的任务可靠性指标分配来说,因其对应的可靠性模型一般为串、并联等混合的复杂模型,可靠性指标分配相当困难。本文将实际工程中常见的比例组合法和专家评分分配法有效地结合起来,为实际工程中混合模型的任务可靠性分配提供了一种简便易行的方法。     

预估校正的高分辨率格式及其应用

本文从基于通量分裂的一阶迎风格式出发,构造了一类校正型具有高分辨瘁的二阶全变差递减(TVD)格式,并用此格式进行了一维激波管问题及二维问题的计算。结果表明格式的解为二阶精度,激波处无明显的振荡,激波过渡区为1～2个点。