火箭橇体进水现象研究

在考核过载承受能力的火箭橇试验后,橇体内发现有水,从空气动力学的角度,对火箭橇体进水现象进行了初步分析,并利用FLUENT软件对进水原因进行了初步研究,通过分析,发现结构在穿越跨音速阶段时,由于内外压差的变化将导致内部或外部产生水汽。该发现为结构设计提供有益的建议。     

语篇分析理论指导下的高级英语教学

高级英语是高校针对英语专业三四年级学生开设的一门学科,目的是训练和提高学生的综合英语技能。将语篇分析理论运用到高级英语课堂教学中来,以具体课文为例,对其标题、结构、衔接和连贯进行分析,对高级英语的课程建设有很大的推动作用。     

基于可靠性寿命分布的元件库存确定方法

合理地确定元件库存周期对提高库存经济性和保证元件可靠性具有重要意义。根据航空结构元件可靠性符合浴盆曲线分布、Weibull分布、线性递增分布和指数分布的情况,提出了结构元件可靠度分析的方法,根据飞机运行数据拟合结构元件可靠度分布,根据其可靠性分布可确定元件失效时间,再由失效时间确定元件库存周期。针对飞机滑轨中的结构元件进行了算例分析,其可靠性服从威布尔分布,符合元件运行实际情况,由此确定的库存周期与实际需求相符,算例分析表明,提出的方法合理,为确定元件库存周期提供了一个合理可行的方法。     

Application of small-size antennas for estimation of angles of arrival of HF signals scattered by ionospheric irregularities

A modification of the Doppler Interferometry Technique is suggested to enable estimating angles of arrival of comparatively broadband HF signals scattered by random irregularities of the ionospheric plasma with the use of small-size weakly directional antennas. The technique is based on the measurements of cross-spectra phases of the probe radiation recorded at least in three spatially separated points. The developed algorithm has been used to investigate the angular and frequency-time characteristics of HF signals propagating at frequencies above the maximum usable one (MUF) for the direct radio path Moscow-Kharkiv. The received signal spectra show presence of three families of spatial components attributed, respectively, to scattering by plasma irregularities near the middle point of the radio path, ground backscatter signals and scattering of the sounding signals by the intense plasma turbulence associated with auroral activations. It has been shown that the regions responsible for the formation of the third family components are located well inside the auroral oval. The drift velocity and direction of the auroral ionosphere plasma have been determined. The obtained estimates are consistent with the classical conception of the ionospheric plasma convection at high latitudes and do not contradict the results of investigations of the auroral ionosphere dynamics using the SuperDARN network.     

Genetic differentiation induced by spaceflight treatment of Cistanche deserticola and identification of inter-simple sequence repeat markers associated with its medicinal constituent contents

The dried, fleshy stems of Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae) are popular tonics in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to treat the inability of kidney in expelling extra fluid in the body, causing fluid retention, and reform reproductive system. However, the wild plants of C. deserticola have become endangered due to habitat downsizing and over-harvesting for its medicinal usages. The present research was carried out for the following purposes: (1) promoting the space-breeding research; (2) providing molecular evidence for agricultural selective breeding; and (3) protecting this endangered herbal medicine and conserving its genetic resources.     

压气机叶片型面精密数控铣加工技术应用研究

为了提高压气机叶片型面和进、排气边转接圆角的数控铣加工质量,在工艺、夹具、数控加工模型与程序以及检测方法等方面采取了攻关措施,减小了叶片型面精铣加工的变形,实现了叶身型面的精密铣削加工,对型面采用毡轮修光去除铣削痕迹后,经过3坐标、小半径投影仪等设备的测量,进、排气边转接圆角的形状和型面轮廓度、位置度各项要求的加工质量得到了质的提升,其合格率由20％提高到75％以上,加工效率和刀具耐用度提高1倍以上,使叶身型面精密铣削技术具备了精品叶片批量生产的工程化应用技术基础.     

基于拓扑优化和形状优化的桨叶结构设计

直升机旋翼桨叶剖面结构设计是研究旋翼动力学设计的基础。提出一种联合拓扑优化和形状优化的 两级优化设计方法,可用于桨叶剖面结构的设计。第一级优化以变密度法(SIMP)作为拓扑优化的材料插值方 法,以桨叶体积最小化为设计目标,约束桨叶节点位移和应力,建立桨叶的拓扑优化求解模型;第二级优化以重 构的桨叶模型为基础开展形状优化,降低局部应力集中以及找到合理的边界节点位置。对优化后的模型进行 有限元分析,结果表明:通过拓扑优化和形状优化的两级优化,能够得到满足强度和稳定性要求的结构布局,为 桨叶结构设计提供指导方案。     

小型化星载Ku频段宽带扇形波束圆极化天线

为适应星载天线小型化、宽带、高性能的发展趋势,提出一种小型化星载Ku频段宽带扇形波束圆极化天线。通过在H面扇形喇叭口处加入曲折线圆极化器实现天线圆极化,将传统平面圆极化器变为半圆柱形,天线的包络尺寸减小近36%。同时,在喇叭口处增加介质透镜,在有限尺寸内将球面波调节为平面波。半圆柱极化器和介质透镜的设计可共同调节入射波束角度,提升天线的宽角波束覆盖性能。利用CST软件建立模型进行仿真,仿真结果表明：天线结构紧凑、波束覆盖范围宽,俯仰面大于11.3dBi的增益覆盖范围达90°。半圆柱极化器的设计为星载天线的小型化、低成本设计提供新的思路。     

航天器姿态大角度机动有限时间控制

针对航天器姿态大角度机动控制问题,在存在外部扰动的情况下,基于航天器姿态跟踪系统的标准级联特性,利用反步法和自适应控制设计有限时间控制器。提出的控制方法可以严格保证姿态大角度机动系统是全局有限时间稳定的。李雅普诺夫理论推导和仿真结果表明,系统在控制器的作用下可以快速机动到平衡点并保持稳定,全物理仿真试验进一步表明了所提出的控制方法的有效性和优越性。