SINS快速传递对准建模与仿真

针对空间武器捷联惯性导航系统SINS(Strapdown Inertial Navigation System)动基座快速、精确初始对准问题,建立了空间环境下武器SINS的动基座误差模型,并考虑武器SINS的惯性器件误差.根据姿态传递对准原理,推导了姿态匹配方式下卫星与武器SINS姿态角之差的量测方程.在此基础上,建立了空间武器SINS传递对准的数学模型,设计一种快速对准卡尔曼滤波器.计算机仿真结果验证了该模型的有效性.在10s时间内,可获得与卫星姿态测量系统姿态精度相当的对准精度,同时还能实现武器SINS惯性器件误差的准确标定.      

降落伞附加质量与开伞动载

主要符号标识As为伞衣名义面积;CA为降落伞充气过程中的阻力特征;（CA）s为伞衣完全胀满时的阻力特征;（CA）w为回收物的阻力特征;Cs为以面积As为参考面积的阻力系数;Cst为充气过程中以伞衣投影面积πr2为参考面积的阻力系数;（CA）0为伞衣...     

偏转弹头导弹动力学建模

偏转弹头控制是一种新型的导弹控制方式,精确动力学模型的建立对于导弹性能、稳定性和控制的分析是必不可少的。本文采用多体动力学建模方法中的凯恩(Kane)方法对偏转弹头导弹建立了动力学模型。首先建立合适的坐标系,选取8个变量的速率为广义速率,之后推导了弹身弹头的运动学方程,接着得到广义主动力和广义惯性力,其中将控制弹头偏转的作动力矩视为主动力矩而非理想约束考虑进广义主动力的计算中,最终得到导弹的8个标量动力学方程。推导过程显示凯恩方法比牛顿-欧拉方法推导过程更为简化。利用得到的精确动力学模型进行动态仿真,通过比较研究了采用弹头质心位于弹头偏转铰链中心假设下的简化模型对导弹动态响应的影响,结果显示,在弹头偏转较慢时简化模型会带来较大的动态响应误差。     

基于杂波子空间估计的MIMO雷达降维STAP研究

 多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达是近年来出现的一种新体制雷达,针对MIMO体制的机载雷达开展空时自适应处理（STAP）技术研究是值得进一步努力的方向。本文研究了机载MIMO雷达STAP技术的降维算法,通过对STAP技术杂波抑制原理进行分析,推导并得到一种基于杂波子空间的降维算法。结合扁长椭球波函数（PSWF）的特点,提出了一种基于杂波子空间估计的降维算法,并与若干降维算法的杂波抑制性能进行比较。结果表明,当存在阵元幅相误差时,该算法在保持杂波抑制性能的同时能够有效地降低STAP算法的运算量。     

Gamma-ray detector on board lunar mission Chang’E-1

Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) is included in the payload of Chinese first lunar mission Chang’E-1 that will be launched in 2007. Specific objectives of the GRS are to map abundance of O, Si, Fe, Ti, U, Th, K, and perhaps, Mg, Al, and Ca to depths of about 20 cm. There are remarkable advantages for GRS application to remote sensing elemental materials over the entire lunar surface: large effective area and good ability for background rejection. We will describe the design of GRS and present its performance in this paper. Moreover, the GRS calibration will also be introduced.     

星载多波束接收天线自适应宽带校正方法

射频通道的不一致性会严重影响阵列天线的性能,因此必须对各通道的失配进行补偿,提高各通道的幅相一致性。对星载多波束天线宽带接收通道而言,其不一致性表现为各通道频率响应的失配。针对星载应用,提出一种基于自适应滤波器的离线宽带校正方法,对通道间的失配进行补偿。同时分别对最小均方(LMS)算法及递归最小二乘(RLS)算法进行计算机仿真,并对两种算法的校正效果进行对比。分析校正效果与自适应滤波器抽头数之间的关系,并比较校正前后天线方向图性能指标。仿真结果表明,提出的方法能有效校正通道间的失配。     

Forest Fire Monitoring Methods and Applications of HJ-1A/B Satellites

Forest fire is a frequent natural disaster and spreads randomly across forestland.It can cause great damage and loss to forest resources,the ecological system and people’s life and property. It is necessary to monitor and detect forest fire at the beginning.     

地基相控阵雷达对空间目标的探测概率研究

受多种复杂因素影响,空间目标的RCS应视为随机变量;而引入RCS的随机起伏模型 后,在RCS为常量情况下建立的探测概率模型不再适用。在空间目标RCS为χ 2起伏模 型的基础上,采用蒙特卡罗方法建立了地基相控阵雷达对空间目标探测概率的 计算模型,为天基武器任务规划等问题提供参考。
     

关于FCC和BCC点阵晶面间距计算式的证明

复杂立方点阵晶面间距的计算式只与晶面指数的奇偶性有关,本文从数学上证明了这一规律的正确性和普适性。     

An integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach to analyze human factors in aviation accidents

Human factors are critical causes of modern aviation accidents. However, existing accident analysis methods encounter limitations in addressing aviation human factors, especially in complex accident scenarios. The existing graphic approaches are effective for describing accident mechanisms within various categories of human factors, but cannot simultaneously describe inadequate human–aircraft–environment interactions and organizational deficiencies effectively, and highly depend on analysts' skills and experiences. Moreover, the existing methods do not emphasize latent unsafe factors outside accidents. This paper focuses on the above three limitations and proposes an integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach. A new graphic model named accident tree(AcciTree), with a two-mode structure and a reaction-based concept, is developed for accident modeling and safety defense identification. The AcciTree model is then integrated with the well-established human factors analysis and classification system(HFACS) to enhance both reliability of the graphic part and logicality of the taxonomic part for improving completeness of analysis. An associative hazard analysis technique is further put forward to extend analysis to factors outside accidents, to form extended safety requirements for proactive accident prevention. Two crash examples, a research flight demonstrator by our team and an industrial unmanned aircraft, illustrate that the integrated approach is effective for identifying more unsafe factors and safety requirements.