光折变晶体多重存储实验研究

本文首先讨论了在光折变晶体同一体积内复用多幅全息图的等衍射效率记录方法 ,即递减时间曝光方法。然后采用这种曝光方法 ,分别以掺杂为 0 .0 3 %的Fe :LiNbO3和双掺杂晶体Zn :Fe:LiNbO3为存储介质 ,以Δθ=ΔΘ(ΔΘ =0 .0 94°)为复用角度间隔 ,存储了 12个字母 ,并再现出了清新的图像。     

单液滴破碎流动机理试验研究

为了研究单液滴破碎内部流动机理,采用高速摄像机对不同流场分布中的液滴变形、破碎过程进行了捕获.基于试验中获得的现象,分析了液滴环境流场结构对液滴变形、破碎过程的影响,对液滴破碎流动机理进行了相关验证,并对其做了进一步完善.研究结果表明:气流的作用强度及液滴内、外部液体的流动特性决定了液滴不同破碎模式的发生;在气流作用下,在液滴的外部,液体沿气流方向的前、后驻点向垂直于气流方向的中心截面极点处运动;而在液滴的内部,为了克服液滴沿气流方向被压缩、沿垂直于气流方向伸展,在阻碍液滴变形内力的作用下,液体沿垂直于气流方向的上、下2极点向液滴中心位置处运动,使得液滴仍然保持球形.     

固体燃料冲压发动机自持燃烧的影响因素

采用试验和仿真方法,研究了固体燃料冲压发动机(SFRJ)自持燃烧的主要影响因素。研究结果表明:SFRJ内为典型的扩散火焰,化学反应特征时间与反应物停留特征时间的比值是影响发动机自持燃烧的关键参数,该值越小,扩散火焰越稳定;本文研究工况下,较小的后台阶高度即可保证发动机实现自持燃烧,后台阶稳定火焰的物理原因是在固体燃料表面附近形成一个低速区,保证了固体燃料的分解燃烧,当台阶高度为0时,由于化学反应特征时间与反应物停留特征时间的比值迅速增加,SFRJ无法自持燃烧;台阶高度较小时,点火过程会对SFRJ的稳定燃烧产生影响,SFRJ可能会出现熄火复燃现象。     

Development of a coupled supersonic inlet-fan Navier–Stokes simulation method

A coupled supersonic inlet-fan Navier–Stokes simulation method was developed by using COMSOL-CFD code. The flow turning, pressure rise and loss effects across blade rows of the fan and the inlet-fan interactions were taken into account as source terms of the governing equations without a blade geometry by a body force model. In this model, viscous effects in blade passages can also be calculated directly, which include the exchange of momentum between fluids and detailed viscous flow close to walls. NASA Rotor 37 compressor test rig was used to validate the ability of the body force model to estimate the real performance of blade rows. Calculated pressure ratio characteristics and the distribution of the total pressure, total temperature, and swirl angle in the span direction agreed well with experimental and numerical data. It is shown that the body force model is a promising approach for predicting the flow field of the turbomachinery. Then, coupled axisymmetric mixed compression supersonic inlet-fan simulations were conducted at Mach number 2.8 operating conditions. The analysis includes coupled steady-state performance, and effects of the fan on the inlet. The results indicate that the coupled simulation method is capable of simulating behavior of the supersonic inlet-fan system.     

花状SnS2微球用作高效锂空气电池催化剂的研究

因超高的理论能量密度,锂空气电池在航空航天、电动汽车等领域展示了广阔的应用前景,但其目前的性能仍与实际使用需求有较大的差距。本文旨在开发具有双功能催化作用的正极催化剂以提升锂空气电池的性能。采用简易的一步溶剂热法成功制备了花状结构的SnS_2微球,并首次探究了其作为可充锂空气电池正极催化剂的应用前景。结果表明:所制备的花状SnS_2微球对锂空气电池的正极过程具有优异的催化性能,大大改善了以其为催化剂的锂空气电池的综合性能,证明SnS_2是一种有潜力的、值得深入研究的锂空气电池用催化剂材料。     

扩大斜切式缓冲结构对时速400km铁路隧道口微气压波缓解研究

针对时速400?km高铁隧道口的微气压波研究,建立了基于三维可压缩非定常N?S方程和RNG?k-ε?双方程湍流模型的数值模拟方法,并通过动模型试验对计算方法进行了验证.文中分析了隧道长度、缓冲结构(带斜切的扩大段)长度和缓冲结构开孔数对微气压波的影响.研究结果表明:在一定隧道长度内,微气压波幅值随着隧道长度的增加逐渐增大;隧道口设置带斜切(30°)的等截面扩大段缓冲结构能有效缓解微气压波幅值,且随着缓冲结构的长度增加,微气压波幅值的缓解率先增大后减小,其中缓冲结构长88.56?m时缓解效果最佳,缓解率可达59.2％;该缓冲结构开孔后能进一步缓解微气压波幅值,缓冲结构开2个孔时的缓解效果最佳,缓解率可达70.9％.本文提出的缓冲结构能使得5?km及以下长度隧道的微气压波幅值达到国家规定标准,研究成果对时速400?km/h高速铁路隧道口缓冲结构的设计具有参考价值.     

基于落点预测的高旋火箭弹弹道修正算法

高旋火箭弹的修正控制是基于等效力实现的二维弹道修正控制，由于弹体存在陀螺进动和马格努斯效应，在控制力作用下产生的附加攻角引起的升力与控制力的矢量合为等效力，其大小与方向在控制过程中不断变化，不能简单根据偏差量（修正量）的比例关系来确定控制力的方向。基于此，分析了控制力与等效力的关系，提出了一种基于弹道落点预测的控制算法。首先利用弹道落点预测模型实时预测落点与目标的偏差量，然后利用小扰动法构造偏差量对控制量的敏感系数矩阵，通过偏差量与敏感系数矩阵解算出纵、横两个方向的需用控制量。采用修正前后速度矢量的位置关系得到控制量的合矢量及其方位角，并利用控制量的合矢量与等效力计算出控制周期，在控制周期内按照等效力方位角调整控制力的方向实现对高旋火箭弹的精确控制，解决了非线性耦合问题。仿真结果表明该算法具有较高的控制精度，为工程应用提供理论依据。     

基于单参数迭代的TAEM在线轨迹生成方法

针对大升力体轨道再入飞行器末端能量管理（TAEM）段制导控制能力强、末端约束不惟一的问题，将TAEM段分为动压跟踪和着陆预备2个阶段，设计了不同的纵向轨迹剖面，从而将TAEM段在线轨迹生成问题转化为单参数搜索问题。第1阶段设计标称动压剖面为纵向参考轨迹，使得飞行器过程约束得到保证。第2阶段纵向剖面设计为标称高度剖面，从而使得末端点高度和倾角约束得到保证。根据末端动压误差设计修正律，迭代修正第一阶段动压剖面，从而使得最终的纵向轨迹满足所有的状态约束。在线轨迹递推采用以时间为自变量的数值积分，递推过程引入闭环制导律，通过实时修正攻角跟踪纵向剖面，修正倾侧角跟踪地面轨迹，从而保证在线生成的轨迹符合物理特性，降低闭环制导难度。在考虑初期再入末端大范围状态散布情况下，数值仿真显示了所提算法的鲁棒性。     

Design and Fabrication of a Bio-inspired Acceleration Sensor Using Liquid Mass Blocks

A linear acceleration sensor,which is inspired by the human balance organ,is designed and prepared. It uses a liquid mass-block and a symmetrical-electrodes metal-core polyvinylidene fluoride fiber(SMPF)as the sensor element. The output signal of the sensor has an exponential relationship with the excitation amplitude of the impacting vibration. It is capable of detecting the amplitude and the correct frequency for sinusoidal excitations using an exponential correlation. The experiments indicate that both the output signal of the sensor and the resonance frequency increase substantially with increasing diameter of the metal core. The first-order resonance frequencies of the sensors with 40,60,and 80 μm diameter metal wires are below 10 Hz,which is near the range of human body motion frequencies.     

A data-driven health indicator extraction method for aircraft air conditioning system health monitoring

Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) has become a very important tool in modern commercial aircraft. Considering limited built-in sensing devices on the legacy aircraft model, one of the challenges for airborne system health monitoring is to find an appropriate health indicator that is highly related to the actual degradation state of the system. This paper proposed a novel health indicator extraction method based on the available sensor parameters for the health monitoring of Air Conditioning System (ACS) of a legacy commercial aircraft model. Firstly, a specific Airplane Condition Monitoring System (ACMS) report for ACS health monitoring is defined. Then a non-parametric modeling technique is adopted to calculate the health indicator based on the raw ACMS report data. The proposed method is validated on a single-aisle commercial aircraft widely used for short and medium-haul routes, using more than 6000 ACMS reports collected from a fleet of aircraft during one year. The case study result shows that the proposed health indicator can effectively characterize the degradation state of the ACS, which can provide valuable information for proactive maintenance plan in advance.