流动聚焦中锥形和射流直径影响因素的实验研究

介绍了一种制备微纳米量级颗粒的流动聚焦技术,它的最基本特点是从毛细管流出的液体由高速运动气体驱动经小孔聚焦形成稳定的锥,锥顶端射出的微射流因不稳定性破碎成小颗粒.实验在自行设计的装置上完成,分析了流动聚焦技术中影响锥-射流以及颗粒形貌的因素,总结了过程中装置的结构参数以及气体压力降、液体流量和物性等流动参数对射流直径的影响.结果显示该技术制备的颗粒单分散性好,直径达到微米和亚微米量级,在工业方面有重大应用前景.     

Space-to-space Radio Interferometry System from Medium Earth Orbits

This paper presents a new concept to perform space-to-space Very Long Baseline Interferometry which enables the imaging of cosmic sources at high-resolution and high-sensitivity with small antennas. Several individual apertures are embarked on separate identical satellites staggered in height into Polar or Equatorial Circular Medium Earth Orbits (PECMEO orbits). These orbits are stable and allow GNSS-based on-the-fly centimeter-level relative positioning. Coherent operation is possible by exchanging local oscillator components and measured signals through Inter-Satellite Links (ISL). On-board cross correlation is performed at each satellite over a delay window compatible with the accuracy of the on-the-fly relative positioning and the result sent to the ground. Image reconstruction is completed on the ground thanks to sub-millimeter baseline retrieval from accurate GNSS orbits, ISL ranging and spacecraft attitude information. The application of this concept to image the Super Massive Black Hole Sgr A* is hinted.      

翼梢小翼后缘舵面偏转对机翼气动特性影响研究

以大型客机某方案机翼为基本翼,基于N-S方程数值模拟的方法,研究融合式翼梢小翼后缘操纵舵面偏转对机翼空气动力特性影响。研究发现,翼梢小翼舵面偏使得机翼气动特性发生显著变化。一方面,偏转舵面导致了机翼最大升阻比的降低,然而它可以优化不同飞行阶段升阻比。其中,舵面外偏,机翼在阻力增加不大的条件下,升力明显增大,有利于提高起飞、爬升性能;舵面不偏条件下升阻比最大,有利于提高巡航效率;舵面内偏,机翼阻力明显增大,有利于提高飞机着陆性能。另一方面,舵面偏转可以控制机翼翼梢涡的发展,有助于耗散机翼尾涡及激发翼梢涡自身的不稳定性而加速耗散。     

印度积极推动导航卫星系统建设

"印度区域导航卫星系统"(Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System——IRNSS)是印度近年重点推动的、具有自主知识产权和独立运行能力的区域性军民两用卫星导航系统研发项目。该项目可为印度提供不依靠美国"全球定位系统"(GPS)等系统的、独立的区域导航定位能力,并且系统的设计也充分考虑到未来与GPS、"伽利略"(Galileo)等系统的兼容和互操作。IRNSS系统建成后,可帮助印度军方对印度次大陆的边境地区、地形复杂区域以及印度洋地区进行有效监控。     

新时期航空航天工业的标准战略

本文是荣获美国庆祝2004年世界标准日论文竞赛头奖的作品,中心内容是在新世纪航空航天工业如何在广泛国际合作,信息技术迅猛发展的环境下结合本行业的实际,制定并适时调整其标准战略。文中分析问题的方法,解决问题的思路具有某种普遍意义,现将该文详细摘译刊登于下,供参考。     

Chicxulub and climate: radiative perturbations of impact-produced S-bearing gases

We use one-dimensional (1D) atmospheric models coupled to a sulfate aerosol model to investigate climate forcing and short-term response to stratospheric sulfate aerosols produced by the reaction of S-bearing gases and water vapor released in the Chicxulub impact event. A 1D radiation model is used to assess the climate forcing due to the impact-related loading of S-bearing gases. The model suggests that a climate forcing 100 times larger than that from the Pinatubo volcanic eruption is associated with the Chicxulub impact event for at least 2 years after the impact. In particular, we find a saturation effect in the forcing, that is, there is no significant difference in the maximum forcing between the highest (approximately 300 Gt) and lowest (approximately 30 Gt) estimated stratospheric S-loading from the Chicxulub impact. However, higher S-loads increase the overall duration of the forcing by several months. We use a single column model for a preliminary investigation of the short-term climate response to the impact-related production of sulfate aerosols (the lack of horizontal feedbacks limits the usefulness of the single column model to the first few days after the impact). Compared with the present steady-state climate, the introduction of large amounts of sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere results in a significant cooling of the Earth's surface. A long-term climate response can only be investigated with the use of a three-dimensional atmospheric model, which allows for the atmospheric circulation to adjust to the perturbation. Overall, although the climate perturbation to the forcing appears to be relatively large, the geologic record shows no sign of a significant long-term climatic shift across the K/T boundary, which is indicative of a fast post-impact climatic recovery.     

智能结构中致动器数目与位置的优化

采用最优控制理论研究智能结构振动控制机电一体化的建模过程;通过定义输入能量相关矩阵优化了致动器的数目;基于致动器的控制效能,给出了一种简单实用的致动器位置配置方法;最后针对智能悬臂粱和大型空间智能桁架结构的振动控制仿真,表明数目与位置的优化方法是行之有效的。     

英宇航加入洛克希德·马丁JSF研制组

在开发和制造“联合攻击战斗机”(JSF)的项目竞争中,英国航宇工业公司(BAe)宣布加入由洛克希德·马丁公司领导的研制组。这一决定必将促使两公司之间发展更深一步的战略联盟关系。来自这两家公司的官员称BAe将参加这个最终价值近1000亿美元的JSF项目的所有阶段。洛克希德·马丁公司和波音公司正分别领导着两个互相竞争的JSF研制组。这两个组去年都得到了概念验证阶段合同。每个组都要设计和制造两架原型机。到2001年美国国防部将从中选定