两项美国"人-机-环"军用标准简介

概述了两项美国关于“人-机-环”军用标准的编制背景及实施要求,简介和分析了不同版本标准的有关内容与差异,并概述了我国“人-机-环”军用标准的发展简况。     

三坐标测量机的现状、发展与未来

叙述了三坐标测量机的基本构成、国内外上产现状、发展与未来。包括测量机的准确度、分类及丰富的软件。尤其对测量机的发展作了较详细的介绍。最后，预测厂测量机的未来。     

Fault tolerant small satellite attitude control using adaptive non-singular terminal sliding mode

The Attitude Control System (ACS) plays a pivotal role in the whole performance of the spacecraft on the orbit; therefore, it is vitally important to design the control system with the performance of rapid response, high control precision and insensitive to external perturbations. In the first place, this paper proposes two adaptive nonlinear control algorithms based on the sliding mode control (SMC), which are designed for small satellite attitude control system. The nonlinear dynamics describing the attitude of small satellite is considered in a circle reference orbit, and the stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of external perturbations is investigated. Then, in order to account for accidental or degradation fault in satellite actuators, the fault-tolerant control schemes are presented. Hence, two adaptive fault-tolerant control laws (continuous sliding mode control and non-singular terminal sliding mode control) are developed by adopting the nonlinear analytical model to describe the system, which can guarantee global asymptotic convergence of the attitude control error with the existence of unknown external perturbations. The nonlinear hyperplane based Terminal sliding mode is introduced into the control law design; therefore, the system convergence performance improves and the control error is convergent in “finite time”. As a result, the study on the non-singular terminal sliding mode control is the emphasis and the continuous sliding mode control is used to compare with the non-singular terminal sliding mode control. Meanwhile, an adaptive fuzzy algorithm has been proposed to suppress the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controllers by correcting for the external perturbations. Simulation results confirm that the suggested methodologies yield high control precision in control. In addition, actuator degradation, actuator stuck and actuator failure for a period of time are simulated to demonstrate the fault recovery capability of the fault tolerant controllers. The numerical results clearly demonstrate the good performance of the adaptive non-singular terminal control in the event of actuator fault compare with the continuous sliding mode control.     

内融冰盘管动态蓄冰特性数值模拟与实验研究

采用焓法建立了管外结冰过程的二维动态数学模型,数值模拟了冰层沿换热管径向及长度方向的动态生长规律,并在此基础上分析了载冷剂进口温度、流量变化和不同结冰时间等对冰层动态生长及蓄冷特性的影响,并进行了实验验证。实验结果表明:在结冰初期的2 h内冰层厚度及动态蓄冷量数值模拟结果与实验数据误差较大,而在蓄冰过程结束时二者吻合较好,误差在10%以内;沿载冷剂流动方向冰层厚度逐渐减小,数值模拟与实验结果基本吻合。数值模拟结果与实验数据基本相符,验证了建立的数学模型的合理性。     

三维空间拦截的前置追踪变结构制导律(英文)

This article aims to develop a head pursuit （HP） guidance law for three-dimensional hypervelocity interception, so that the effect of the perturbation induced by seeker detection can be reduced. On the basis of a novel HP three-dimensional guidance model, a nonlinear variable structure guidance law is presented by using Lyapunov stability theory. The guidance law positions the interceptor ahead of the target on its tlight trajectory, and the speed of the interceptor is required to be lower than that of the target, A numerical example of maneuvering ballistic target interception verifies the rightness of the guidance model and the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

喷气燃料热安定性对飞机发动机的影响

探讨了喷气燃料热安定性对飞机发动机的影响,及提高燃料热安定性的方法.     

航天先进结构复合材料及制造技术研究进展

随着航天装备的发展,对轻质的树脂基结构复合材料技术提出了新的发展需求,推动了结构复合材料及其制造技术的新发展。本文重点从结构复合材料材料体系、制造方法及应用等方面介绍了近年来国内外航天先进结构复合材料研究与应用新进展,并结合航天飞行器发展需求,对未来航天结构复合材料研究与应用发展方向进行了探讨。     

狭义数字孪生卫星构建应用平台的开放性研究

分析了国内外基于模型的系统工程、体系工程、数字孪生和数字工程在卫星工程上的发展过程，从系统论的角度提出了狭义数字孪生卫星的概念，不同单位、不同人解决不同问题时，要根据问题的需要，调整各组成部分的仿真粒度，形成研究问题的数字工具。这些数字工具都具有系统完整性，都是数字孪生卫星概念的实例化外延。提出了用所有岗位构建应用和交流成果的总工作量来度量数字孪生卫星构建应用平台开放性的概念，分别从建模和使用模式、星上源代码一致性、卫星集群多平台分布式仿真3个方面给出了平台的开放性度量准则。针对软件平台开放性设计目标，论述了数字孪生卫星构建应用平台专用的开放性设计技术，包括软件层次模块划分、多粒度模型库、建模和模型管理工具包。通过工程实践案例，证明了开放性度量准则可以有效评估数字孪生卫星建模和模型管理的总工作量，为各单位的平台设计和研制过程的各种决策提供依据。