氢氧发动机模型真空羽流场试验和仿真研究

研制了一个用于模拟中国长征火箭二级的60 N推力氢氧发动机的缩比模型,并在北京航空航天大学真空羽流效应实验系统进行了试验。使用皮托管阵列测量了羽流压力场,结果显示当距发动机喷管出口的距离从140 mm增加到600 mm时,羽流场的最大压力从12 400 Pa降到了400 Pa。为验证CFD-DSMC混合的数值仿真方法,将试验结果与仿真结果进行了对比分析,二者一致性非常好。对比结果显示数值仿真方法在羽流效应分析方面的强大功能。研究获得了模型发动机羽流场的压力分布特性,可用于原型发动机的羽流效应分析。     

服务型航天器在轨机动窗口

航天技术的发展与应用使在轨服务成为可能,由于各种限制因素的制约,服务航天器需要选择适当的时机,并在一定的时间范围内实施机动以提供在轨服务.提出并界定了机动窗口的概念,分析了机动窗口的制约因素,重点探讨了在机动能量制约下圆轨道之间的机动窗口计算问题.根据服务任务的紧急程度,分别研究了最省能量的漂移式机动窗口和节省时间的快速机动窗口.计算结果表明,共轨部署的服务航天器在能量有限、而时间不限的情况下,比其他部署方式有更多的机动时机,机动能量是制约机动窗口的关键因素.     

非结构网格上新型的NND有限元格式

张涵信发展的ＮＮＤ差分格式是由中心差分格式,二阶迎风格式和一阶迎风格式混合组成的杂交型格式。众所周知,和中心差分格式相对应的是Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ有限元格式。通过对中心型有限元格式加修正项的方法本文成功地构造出二阶迎风型有限元格式和一阶迎风型有限元格式。     

导弹级间热分离流场的数值预示

针对多级导弹级间热分离这一复杂环境条件,用数值模拟的方法对级间段流场进行了预示。计算采用Ｇｏｄｕｎｏｖ有限体积格式,对非定常轴对称欧拉方程进行求解。计算结果为级间分离段和发动机热防护的设计提供了理论依据。     

RTR系统测试精度的改进

对目前使用的ＲＴＲ系统中存在的问题进行了分析,指出影响ＲＴＲ系统测试精度的主要原因是高速运动分析仪的图像分辨率太低及Ｘ射线系统本身造成的系统误差。总结了提高ＲＴＲ系统测试精度的措施,包括提高变压器的稳压性能,改进实验器设计水平,提高试车台架的刚性以及运用图像处理技术等,将这些改进措施应用于ＳＲＭ燃烧室凝相粒子运动规律的实验研究,取得了比较明显的效果。     

起始点位置偏差对精密GPS差分定位影响的研究

从理论上讨论了起始点位置误差对ＧＰＳ基线解算精度的影响,并对实测资料进行了模拟计算,得到了与理论计算值相吻合的结果。指出：ＧＰＳ网中起始点的位置偏差不影响基线解的内部精度,但使ＧＰＳ基线解产生系统性偏差,偏差的大小与起始点位置偏差的大小成正比,与基线平均纬度的正切函数值成正比。文章最后,对在“ＳＡ”和“ＡＳ”技术影响下,进行高精度ＧＰＳ差分定位时,如何测定网中具有较高精度的ＷＧＳ８４坐标起始点问题,提出了建议。     

Research on vacuum plume and its effects

In vacuum environment, the exhaust flow of attitude control thrusters would expand freely and produce the plume, which possibly causes undesirable contamination, aerodynamic force and heating effects to the spacecraft. Plume work station (PWS) is developed by Beihang University (BUAA) for numerically simulating the vacuum plume and its effects. An approach which combines the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method and difference solution of Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations is applied. The internal flows in nozzles are simulated by solving the NS equations. The flow parameters at nozzle exit are used as the inlet boundary condition for the DSMC calculation. Experimental studies are carried out in a supersonic low density wind tunnel which could simulate the 60-80 km altitude environment to investigate the plume and its effects. To demonstrate the capability of PWS, numerical simulations are performed for the vacuum plume of several typical attitude control thrusters. The research results are of great help for the engineering design.     

可重复使用空间往返运输系统的最新发展

可重复使用的空间往返运输系统具有广泛的军事用途和商业应用前景 ,因此成为各国争相发展的目标。本文简要介绍了世界主要航天国家在重复使用运输系统方面的发展情况、技术特点和发展趋势     

大厚度扩散焊NLU成像检测技术

针对钛合金大厚度扩散焊,基于非线性超声(Non-linear ultrasonic,NLU)原理,构建了一种NLU成像方法和检测系统,设计制备了不同的大厚度扩散焊试件,进行了NLU成像检测试验分析。检测结果表明,采用NLU成像检测方法,可实现钛合金大厚度扩散焊的超声可视化检测,最大检测厚度可达70mm。     

Hybrid uncertainty-based design optimization and its application to hybrid rocket motors for manned lunar landing

Design reliability and robustness are getting increasingly important for the general design of aerospace systems with many inherently uncertain design parameters. This paper presents a hybrid uncertainty-based design optimization (UDO) method developed from probability theory and interval theory. Most of the uncertain design parameters which have sufficient information or experimental data are classified as random variables using probability theory, while the others are defined as interval variables with interval theory. Then a hybrid uncertainty analysis method based on Monte Carlo simulation and Taylor series interval analysis is developed to obtain the uncer-tainty propagation from the design parameters to system responses. Three design optimization strategies, including deterministic design optimization (DDO), probabilistic UDO and hybrid UDO, are applied to the conceptual design of a hybrid rocket motor (HRM) used as the ascent propulsion system in Apollo lunar module. By comparison, the hybrid UDO is a feasible method and can be effectively applied to the general design of aerospace systems.