GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

Hill区域内基于推广的Poincar映射的低能逃逸/捕捉轨道(英文)

给出了Hill区域内基于推广的Poincar映射的低能逃逸轨道的计算。文中的推广的Poincar映射需要在相空间中选取两个(而非一个)与流相截的面,即将包含某个天平动点的截面通过轨道来映射到近拱点的通道面上的,在数值上通过总变差减小的Runge-Kutta方法来实现两个相面之间的映射。捕捉轨道则可由Hill三体模型的对称性直接导出。最后,关于Rhea的二维、三维的逃逸和捕捉轨道的仿真结果验证了该方法的精度和鲁棒性。     

2009年日食对航天器光照条件影响分析

2009年7月22日,我国长江流域自西向东发生了一次超长时间的日全食。根据日食产生的机制及几何特征,分析了日食对航天器光照条件影响,并给出了典型地球轨道航天器算例。     

热试验中红外热像仪低温测量能力分析及试验验证

文章分析了红外热像仪在航天器热试验中对低温目标的测温能力不足问题,采用红外干扰消减以及分段辐射定标/分段线性函数拟合的方式,初步解决了红外热像仪在真空低温环境下对低温目标的测量受限的问题。文章的研究结果有助于改进红外热像仪在真空低温环境下的非接触温度测量工作。     

人民币汇率制度选择文献综述

人民币汇率制度选择问题一直是我国进行人民币制度建设的核心问题,其关乎着我国货币的主权和金融经济的独立和稳定,更关乎着我国内外经济的均衡和经济的增长。关于人民币汇率制度选择这一命题,国内外学者作了大量的研究,对这些学者的研究成果进行梳理,有助于我们更好地研究人民币汇率制度选择问题,从而整体把握人民币汇率制度。     

制样压应力对显微拉曼光谱法获取碳材料结构参数的影响

为了研究金相制样过程中压应力对获取碳材料拉曼特征参数R的影响,对不同温度处理的碳纤维和树脂碳进行了研究.结果表明,制样过程中的压应力对准确获取碳材料的拉曼特征参数具有一定的影响,尤其是对经过高温处理硬度较小的碳材料的影响更大,造成了碳材料R的增大.建议在制备碳材料的显微拉曼光谱测试试样时采用较小的压应力.     

一种快速Nand Flash垃圾回收策略

为了解决垃圾块回收以及块重新融合再利用过程占用Nand Flash数据I/O操作中大量时间的问题,提出了FTL逻辑块数据流转图概念,并对垃圾回收触发条件、垃圾块选择方法、垃圾回收的过程进行了算法设计,实验表明算法可以提高Nand Flash的平均寿命,缩短IO运行时间。     

基于锥形压入的材料力学性能测试方法研究

通过压入测试以获取工程服役结构、小型构件和焊接结构焊缝过渡区的材料单轴本构关系参数,且根据材料本构关系参数来估算材料的压入硬度对于工程设计和安全评估有重要意义.对于幂律材料,本文依据锥形压入试验原理和弹塑性接触有限元分析(EPFEA),揭示了不同锥角的锥形压头其压入能量比与屈服应力之间存在线性关系,提出了基于能量原理预测金属材料本构关系部分关键参数(弹性模量、屈服应力和硬化指数)的CR-EMI (Constitutive Relationship based on Energy Method of Indentation)方法.同时,基于此种线性关系提出了由Hollomon本构关系模型参数预测硬度的H-EMI(Hardness based on Energy Method of Indentation)方法.通过对多种金属材料进行压入试验和有限元分析,验证了CR-EMI方法和H-EMI方法的有效性与精确性.     

一种Ka频段双通道遥测设备的无杆标校方法研究

Ka频段双通道遥测设备的和、差通道存在相位差,并且随环境变化而变化,需要在基带终端通过校相才能实现相位差的校正,最终完成对目标的自主跟踪。在靶场中,以往都是通过架设标校杆进行基带校相,这种方法可以实现相位标校的目的,但是随着遥测设备作战领域已经向深海、高原等区域拓展,受到这些特殊位置环境等对架设标校杆的种种限制。本文重点研究了在高原环境下,不架设标杆校,通过偏馈天线发射信号,实现和、差通道相位零值标定的目的。本文给出了基于偏馈天线的无杆标校原理和方法,并通过实验验证了本文方法的有效性。     

倍频程准则在星载电子设备结构设计中的应用

在星载电子设备的结构设计中,一般采取局部加强结构刚度来减小其响应,但对有些结构此方法效果并不理想。为减小某单机中关键部件的加速度响应,通过倍频程准则对结构进行优化设计,通过合理弱化支架刚度来降低核心部件的响应。仿真结果表明在弱化某些结构部件的情况下,使得谐振器的加速度响应降低了29%,效果明显。通过弱化非核心部件来减小核心部件的响应,有别于常规的增加整体结构刚度来减小响应,对后续电子设备的优化设计具有一定的指导意义。