Drag Reducing and Increasing Mechanism on Triangular Riblet Surface

Drag reducing and increasing mechanism on riblet surface has been studied through computational fluid dynamics(CFD).Drag reduction is achieved through the optimization of riblet geometry which would affect flow structure inside riblet grooves.Force and flow structure on riblet surface are analyzed and compared with those of smooth surface based on the k-εturbulence model.Drag reducing and increasing mechanism is proved to be related to microvortexes induced inside riblets which lead to Reynolds shear stress reduction significantly and is considered to be the dominant factor resulting in wall friction reduction.Simulation results also show that the pressure drag generating from the deviation of static pressure on the front and rear ends of riblets occurs and grows exponentially with Mach number,which can cause drag increasing.Furthermore,near-wall vortical structures,Reynolds shear stress and static pressure on riblet surfaces are also analyzed in detail.     

高超声速圆锥边界层失稳条纹结构实验研究

边界层转捩的准确预测是高超声速飞行面临的关键气动问题之一。为研究高超声速边界层失稳和转捩机理,以前缘半径1.6mm、半锥角7°的圆锥模型为研究对象,在FD-07高超声速风洞中采用红外热图技术开展边界层转捩实验测量。通过与工程计算结果对比,确认模型表面边界层流态。实验结果表明:有迎角条件下,模型表面中后段出现条纹结构,条纹结构的起始位置随着周向角的增加而向上游移动;随着迎角的增加,条纹起始位置向上游移动,条纹强度差异和条纹与模型中心线的夹角越来越大。实验获得的条纹结构与不同频率扰动波相互作用直接数值模拟获得的条纹结构现象一致。通过对比分析,认为边界层内不同频率扰动波相互作用是产生条纹结构的一种机制。     

砝码磁性测量过程中几何形状修正因子的计算与影响

通过一系列实验和数据,讨论用磁化率计法测量砝码磁性时各测量分量对砝码磁化率测量结果的影响,并着重分析了砝码几何形状修正因子的测量与确定,比较不同测量方式的特点,以求减少砝码磁性测量时的误差。     

冯子明 航空信息化专家

我国航空企业数字化制造已经有哪些成就,为我国航空企业带来怎样的影响?冯子明:目前国内飞机数字化设计制造水平在不断地提高。数字化的软硬件环境已初具规模,飞机设计已由三维几何模型设计向全信息三维模型设计方向发展     

基于自回归与最小均方理论的振动环境下 光纤陀螺仪滤波方法

针对振动应力下光纤陀螺产生测量误差增大的问题,从振动对光纤环的影响机理出发,分析了振动应力下光纤陀螺干涉信号的表现形式,提出了基于自回归最小均方滤波理论的光纤陀螺滤波方法,将AR模型的平稳性和最小均方根滤波的自适应性相结合,提取平稳数据的特性参数,对高频信号进行滤波,降低非互易相移产生陀螺角速度误差值的干扰.试验表明,该方法简单可行,有效地降低了振动应力下光纤陀螺输出信息的噪声,抑制了由振动引起的陀螺漂移.     

复燃对液氧煤油发动机尾焰冲击特性影响研究

为了研究复燃对液氧煤油发动机尾焰冲击特性的影响,建立了液氧煤油发动机尾焰冲击数值计算模型,并基于模型研究了喷管出口距离平板3m,5m两种工况下复燃对尾焰冲击特性的影响。结果表明:模型考虑了发动机内部燃烧对尾焰冲击特性的影响,计算得到了主射流区的激波结构;复燃增大了尾焰自由射流区和壁面射流区的高温区域,改变了自由射流区和滞止区的形状结构;平板壁面压力随着径向距离增大而逐渐减小,并且3m工况时在1.8m和2.5m处分别出现2.5倍环境压力和1.5倍环境压力的波动,5m工况时在2m处出现1.5~2倍环境压力的波动,在波动之后平板壁面上压力很快降为环境压力,复燃对5m工况的波动较3m工况影响大。     

A swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps

In order to apply the air fin successfully and ensure the maneuverability of hypersonic vehicle, a key problem to be studied urgently is the heat flux brought by the fin mounting gap. The appearance of mounting gap and fin shaft can induce many complex flow structures which need more attentions to be investigated. Under Ma 6, Nano-tracer-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) and Temperature Sensitive Paints (TSP) were applied to visualize and measure transient flow structures and heat flux distribution of a swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps. Complementarily, Reynolds-averaged N-S equations were solved with k-ω SST turbulent model. The heat flux distribution results of numerical simulation and TSP observed the change of high heat flux region with different mounting gap, both in position and magnitude. The streamlines based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and flow visualization results obtained by NPLS revealed the cause of high heat flux region. The high heat flux region in this flow field is mainly related to the reattachment of vortex and flow stagnation. The increase of gap height can lead to stronger gap overflow and shaft-induced horseshoe vortex, which are source of the high heat flux around the fin. The case with the highest mounting gap (4 mm) en-counters the most severe aerodynamic heating, both on the surface of fin and plate. Thus, under the premise of ensuring the flexibility of the fin, the gap should be set as small as possible.     

航天测量船外测数据误差分析的小波方法

使用动态数据建模与误差分离技术以及小波分频方法,对船载外测数据进行处理分析,成功地分离出随机误差和船测数据特有的船体误差,并对船体误差给出了分析和合理的解释。结论表明,小波分频对认识和研究船测数据的误差是一种非常有效的方法。     

单点定位与实时定轨的星载算法的比较研究

卫星单点定位方法和卫星定轨方法均采用GPS接收机测量得到的伪距和伪距率作为原始观测量。前者依据几何学原理,采用最小二乘法对单个历元的原始观测量进行处理,解算出卫星的位置和速度;而后者依据轨道动力学理论,采用卡尔曼滤波方法通过连续的原始观测量对滤波器状态量的修正使定轨结果收敛。通过比较,星载定轨方法能够明显改善定位测速的精度和数据的稳定性,其外推功能可以有效避免观测量短时间中断对定轨结果连续性的影响。我们已经将实时定轨算法应用到星载型号任务的工程中,并取得了较好的结果。