疲劳破坏寿命的概率统计方法研究综述

概述了结构疲劳破坏寿命特性概率统计方法研究的发展及理论基础，从常规疲劳特性P－S－N曲线的研究应用、疲劳裂纹扩展率统计模型研究现状以及损伤力学理论在疲劳强度中的研究展望来综述现有随机疲劳破坏寿命分布统计特性曲线的研究方法和工程应用，同时介绍该领域研究的新成果新方法，对疲劳破坏随机性研究的未来发展的关键及趋势提出看法。     

应用最优化理论中的投影定理计算平行正投影

拟应用最优化理论中的投影定理,从理论上严格证明物体平行正投影的存在和唯一性,并在此基础上建立一个全新的平行正投影计算方法.内容包括:①应用数学语言阐明三维物体平行正投影的含义;②应用最优化理论中的相关理论依次论证与投影定理有关的几个命题,并在此基础上严格证明物体平行正投影的存在和唯一性,以及利用傅里叶级数形式建立平行正投影计算式;③简要分析这种计算方法的特点.      

飞机装配型架标准接头定位器自动选取算法

在现代飞机结构中,整体结构件的应用导致了飞机装配型架结构中大量使用接头和工艺孔定位器.这些定位器一般由工作头和标准接头定位器两部分构成.为了缩短型架研制周期,在型架设计中开始推广应用CAD技术,包括开发型架专用设计系统.因此,研究接头定位器的自动设计,对进一步简化型架设计过程、提高设计效率具有重要的意义.标准接头定位器的自动选取是实现接头定位器自动设计的技术关键,就此提出了标准接头定位器自动选取的专门算法,其中包括提出并建立可定位域概念及其数据表示格式.该算法已应用于自行研制的飞机装配型架CAD系统中相关模块的开发,并取得了良好的应用效果。     

一种新型球副机构的设计及分析

提出一种新型球副机构,即1S机构.该机构由两个转动副和一个等效转动副组成,其运动功能等效为球副.1S机构可通过其变种构型增强刚度和增大运动角度.同时,以1S机构为基础,可构建N-S复合球副机构;与其他运动副进行复合,如移动副、额外的转动副等,可构建X-S机构.在复合铰链中,所有的运动副:(a)均具备相对独立的运动,(b...     

逆轨拦截机动目标的三维最优制导律

以大气层内导弹逆轨拦截高速机动目标为背景,本文运用最优控制和双曲正切函数设计带角度约束的三维最优制导律。分别假设导弹弹道倾角和弹道偏角保持瞬时恒定,将三维制导分解为两个相互垂直平面内的二维制导。考虑导弹速度时变的情况,建立带角度约束的制导方程。设计一种双曲正切函数的变种,并将其设为脱靶量和角度约束的权重系数,根据极小值原理推导了最优制导律的解析表达式。双曲正切函数变种的引入,使得制导律对脱靶量和角度约束的要求是逐渐增强的,可以解决传统最优制导律初始段过载指令过大的问题。仿真结果表明了该制导律的有效性。     

Ionospheric mapping by regional spherical harmonic analysis: New developments

The method of Spherical Cap Harmonic Analysis (SCHA) /1/ has been applied /2/ to the critical frequency of the F₂ layer (f₀F₂) for mapping and modelling it over Europe. The model was based on longitudinal expansion in Fourier series, and fractional Legendre colatitudinal functions over a spherical cap including Europe. Here a new and simpler technique, previously developed for the regional modelling of the geomagnetic field /3/, is introduced and described. The basic improvement of the new method, called Adjusted Spherical Harmonic Analysis (ASHA), implies the use of conventional Spherical Harmonic (SH) functions after the colatitude interval is adjusted to that of a hemisphere. Examples are shown dealing with the application of ASHA to retrospective mapping and modelling of the monthly medians of f₀F₂ over Europe.     

关于建筑物智能化系统设计的探讨

本文介绍了设计符合现代标准的智能大厦时应考虑的一些问题，阐述了在进行智能化设计时如何进行方案分析、系统设计的方法。     

A new high performance multipurpose satellite tracking system

The European Space Agency's (ESA) multipurpose satellite tracking system is introduced. The system is able to perform accurate satellite ranging and Doppler measurements for a variety of mission types, i.e., from near-Earth satellites to deep space probes. The ranging signal is analyzed and described in an analytical manner from which the limits of the system performance are derived. A model of the overall system is presented and a few simulation results obtained thereby are compared with measurements performed with the ESA's Giotto and Hipparcos scientific missions     

Effects of heavy ions on visual function and electrophysiology of rodents: the ALTEA-MICE project.

ALTEA-MICE will supplement the ALTEA project on astronauts and provide information on the functional visual impairment possibly induced by heavy ions during prolonged operations in microgravity. Goals of ALTEA-MICE are: (1) to investigate the effects of heavy ions on the visual system of normal and mutant mice with retinal defects; (2) to define reliable experimental conditions for space research; and (3) to develop animal models to study the physiological consequences of space travels on humans. Remotely controlled mouse setup, applied electrophysiological recording methods, remote particle monitoring, and experimental procedures were developed and tested. The project has proved feasible under laboratory-controlled conditions comparable in important aspects to those of astronauts' exposure to particle in space. Experiments are performed at the Brookhaven National Laboratories [BNL] (Upton, NY, USA) and the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH [GSI]/Biophysik (Darmstadt, FRG) to identify possible electrophysiological changes and/or activation of protective mechanisms in response to pulsed radiation. Offline data analyses are in progress and observations are still anecdotal. Electrophysiological changes after pulsed radiation are within the limits of spontaneous variability under anesthesia, with only indirect evidence of possible retinal/cortical responses. Immunostaining showed changes (e.g. increased expression of FGF2 protein in the outer nuclear layer) suggesting a retinal stress reaction to high-energy particles of potential relevance in space.