Benefits to world agriculture through remote sensing

Remote sensing of agricultural land permits crop classification and mensuration which can lead to improved forecasts of production. This technique is particularly important for nations which do not already have an accurate agricultural reporting system. Better forecasts have important economic effects. International grain traders can make better decisions about when to store, buy and sell. Farmers can make better planting decisions by taking advantage of production estimates for areas out of phase with their own agricultural calendar. World economic benefits will accrue to both buyers and sellers because of increased food supply and price stabilization.

This paper reviews the econometric models used to establish this scenario and estimates the dollar value of benefits for world wheat as 200 million dollars annually for the United States and 300–400 million dollars anually for the rest of the world.     

Flow of a water jet into vacuum

At certain intervals excess water has to be dumped into space overboard of the Spacelab cabin. For the development of a useful nozzle the behaviour of a water jet flowing into vacuum was investigated experimentally and theoretical interpretations of the flow phenomena which were found are given. The influence of parameters like the shape of the nozzle, the temperature and the gas content of water were studied. At certain test conditions, the jet leaves the nozzle exit in bundled form and ends abruptly bursting into droplets and ice-particles. The “bursting”-mechanism is explained by a sudden boiling of the water in the jet causing the growth of vapor bubbles decomposing the jet. The formation of vapor bubbles is initiated by a superheating of the water of the jet caused by a sudden pressure drop and a cooling at the surface of the jet. The expansion of vapor bubbles in the jet is retarded by surface tension forces which results in a relaxation time for the bursting of the jet. The vapor flow in radial directions of the jet is approximately described by a plane radial source flow. The measurement of the pitot-pressure radially to the jet proves that the vapor flow is supersonic.     

Interaction onde de choc-couche limite laminaire sur un corps de revolution en rotation

(Shock Wave-Laminar Boundary Layer Interaction on a Spinning Axisymmetric Body)—A method is developed to predict the shock wave-laminar boundary layer interaction on an axisymmetric body spinning in axial flow. The integral scheme of Lees, Reeves and Klineberg is used. The Falkner Skan “type” equations is then established for the boundary layer on spinning cylinder and used to construct the polynomial representation of the integral quantities. The independence of the polynomials with respect to the spinning rate is demonstrated. A cylinder of 200 mm diameter with a flare is built and tested up to 5000 rmp in wind tunnel at M = 2.21. The pressure measurements are in good agreement with the theoretical results. The rotation induces the decreasing of the pressure level and boundary layer separation inside the interaction region.     

Soviet proposals on the militarization of space

The USSR has submitted several proposals to the United Nations in recent years which are aimed at avoiding the militarization of outer space. This article examines three of the proposals and evaluates them in the context of existing treaties, to see whether or not they could resolve the political and legal problems which might arise. The reactions of the United Nations General Assembly and individual nations are also considered. The author concludes that several questions regarding the military aspects of space activity are left unresolved by the Soviet proposals.     

ILD智能交通流量测试仪

介绍一种交通流量测试仪，它具有高灵敏度、高信噪比、传输距离远，可以准确地测量机动车、自行车流量，且成本低。由于该仪器设置了驱动变送器，采用了一种新的传输结构，引入了微机技术，模式识别等技术，从而研制出性能稳定、操作方便、实用性强且具有国际先进水平的道路交通流量测试装置。     

关于BAYLY PCM安装使用的几点心得

在数字通信中，脉冲编码调制（PCM）在光纤通信、数字微波通信和卫星通信等方面获得了相当广泛的应用。目前，民航北京、上海、广州三大区域管制中心中的华北大区甚高频建设已经接近尾声。甚高频建设显然要求具有容量大、传输可靠和误码率低等特点的光纤传输。在这一背景下，具有上述特点的光纤传输对于甚高频建设具有不可忽视的重要意义。华北大区甚高频项目采用了加拿大BAYLY公司的PCM设备作为光纤传输的中继设备，与电信光缆构成了大区甚高频传输的主用通路（备用通路由复用器与卫星通信构成）。作为参加华北大区甚高频建设的一员，笔者曾参与安装内蒙古地区七个站点的BAYLY PCM，在具体的安装和使用过程中发现了BAYLY PCM的一些优缺点，有些心得体会，现将其列出，与大家探讨和商榷，以期更好地使用该设备，从而进一步提高光纤传输的效能和稳定性，为整个甚高频大区建设做出有力的保障。     

试论网络环境下如何做好高校档案工作

信息技术及信息产业的发展,深刻地影响着高校档案的管理,档案信息数字化建设,已是大势所趋。论文阐述了社会信息化对高校档案工作的影响,分析了目前高校档案工作在信息网络建设与管理中的现状,提出了做好高校档案工作的具体办法。     

画幅式层析成像光谱系统设计和实验研究

文章介绍一种无需时间或空间扫描的新型成像光谱仪—利用位相光栅作为分束器件的计算层析成像光谱仪 (CTIS)。重点介绍了各个系统的设计原则和位相光栅的设计 ,并给出了光栅的设计结果。详细介绍系统矩阵的实验定标方法和过程。叙述了自然光照明条件下真实物体组成的靶标的光谱成像实验 ,对目标实验采样的数据进行重构处理 ,给出了实验结果。     

基于CPLD的高速可重构PCM帧同步器的实现

给出一种基于 CPL D的高速可重构帧同步器的设计思路和实现方法 ,探讨如何提高系统速度及其可靠性。既采用数字化相关检测技术和可容错的校验保护技术 ,又采用系统内在线可编程 ISP(In- System Programm ing)技术和提高系统速度的流水线技术 ,综合高速 PCI总线接口设计 ,完成了在线可重新配置的高速帧同步器的实现     

智能控制大功率氨压机制冷系统

本文将模糊控制、神经元控制等智能控制技术成功地应用于大型活塞式氨压机制冷系统，实现了恒转矩负载的变频调速节能。实际运行结果证明，该智能控制的大功率氨压机制冷系统工作稳定、控制精度高、节能效果显著，具有很好的经济效益及推广应用价值。