喷丸处理对铝锂合金激光焊接结构性能的影响

为解决铝锂合金焊后性能弱化问题,推进双激光束双侧同步焊接工艺在国产民用飞机壁板制造中的应用,研究了焊后喷丸、固溶时效热处理+喷丸处理两种共3组焊后强化工艺,通过静力拉伸、疲劳及表面应力状态测试分析,评估强化效果,探讨强化机制。结果显示:纯喷丸强化可显著提高疲劳性能,其中0.20mmN喷丸后细节额定疲劳强度截止值DFRcutoff较焊态提高27.8%,但静力拉伸性能与焊态相差不大;0.36mmN喷丸后DFRcutoff提高了118.5%,但抗拉性能明显下降;热处理+喷丸的组合强化工艺对静力拉伸及疲劳性能均有明显提升,抗拉强度较焊态提高32%,DFRcutoff较焊态提高21.9%,综合性能较好。     

Experimental study of effect of post processing on fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth performance of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V

For Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy increasingly used in aerospace structure, selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive additive manufacturing technology, which is attributed to its complex construction capability with high accuracy and good surface quality. In order to obtain qualified mechanical properties, SLM parameters and post processing should be tailored for diverse service conditions. Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior are critical characteristics for damage tolerance evaluation of such metallic structures, and they are affected by post processing technologies significantly. The objective of this study is to obtain the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by SLM, and to evaluate the influence of post-SLM thermomechanical treatment and surface machining. Fracture toughness and FCG tests were performed for SLM Ti-6Al-4V in three types of post processing status: as-built, heat treated and hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), respectively. Specimens with as-built and machined surface were tested. The microstructure and fractography were analyzed as well in order to investigate the relevance among manufacture process, microstructure and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V presents poor ductility and FCG behavior due to martensitic microstructure and residual stresses. Both heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing improve the plane-stress fracture toughness and FCG performance considerably, while surface machining shows slight effect.     

基于知识的飞机制造协调路线交互设计技术

飞机制造协调路线是一种重要的工艺文件,是联系互换协调方案制订和容差分配的纽带。飞机制造协调路线的数字化设计对于开展计算机辅助容差设计,以及实施飞机数字化工艺具有重要意义。首先,对飞机制造协调路线的设计知识进行分类,建立其知识表示模型,并运用知识推理技术实现知识的应用。其次,建立了制造协调单元的图符库,运用图符智能捕捉技术辅助制造协调路线的交互式创建。最后,建立了飞机制造协调路线信息模型,进而实现了面向容差分配的规范化尺寸协调工艺文件自动生成,为计算机辅助容差设计提供技术支持。     

一种计及观测噪音的分系统递推辨识方法

本文提出一种可以处理带测量噪音的多输入多输出线性系统递推参数辨识方法。目前多输入多输出系统的在线参数估计方法或者需要将模型正规化,或者要做大量高维矩阵求逆运算,不仅运算时间长,而且很可能由于矩阵逆的不存在而导致估计失败。本文方法将多输入多输出系统参数估计问题分解为若干步多输入单输出系统参数估计问题,把高维矩阵求逆化为若干步求倒数运算,从而避免了可能由此而导致的估计失败。本方法直接估计线性系统参数,不需将模型正规化,从而节省了实际运算时间。最后,根据有观测噪音的试飞数据对本文方法进行之检验。     

战斗机作战效能分析的数学描述

在讨论战斗机作战效能评估定义的基础上,综述了战斗机作战效能评定的方法;给出了现代战斗机作战效能分析与综合的定义以及数学描述。     

非稳定导热问题有限元算法的守恒条件及一种守恒格式

本文对非稳定导热问题的有限元算法的能量守恒条件进行了讨论。认为有限元之解有时出现反常、振荡的原因是对问题时空域的离散化未能使相应格式满足能量守恒原理。依据文中的分析,提出了一种以单元边长做为集中热容阵权因子的守恒格式。验算表明,其稳定、可靠、精度较高。     

弹性介质材料模型对回弹影响的数值模拟

对加弹性垫的板料拉形工艺进行了研究,建立了力控制拉形的有限元模型,采用有限元软件ABAQUS对几种不同弹性垫材料模型的拉形过程和回弹过程进行了数值模拟,分析了弹性垫的不同材料模型对成形过程和回弹量的影响,能为加弹性垫的多点成形工艺数值模拟提供参考。     

充气式再入减速器动态气动载荷与结构特性研究

针对充气式再入减速器在动态飞行环境下的结构特性变化问题,提出一种基于飞行轨迹参数的CFD动态边界条件加载方法,有效实现了飞行动力学与空气动力学之间的耦合。同时,建立考虑内充压气体热效应的流固耦合模型,较已有方法更全面地考虑了结构变形对流场的影响以及内充压气体状态参数的改变,突破了现有研究中未能完整考虑温度对结构特性影响的局限。利用此模型着重对比了再入过程中气动力与气动热对结构应力及一阶固频的影响,并研究了尺寸变化对结构特性的影响规律。研究发现单独考虑气动力与气动热作用时,结构最大应力分别升高至39.6 MPa与33.5 MPa,而适当减小半锥角和增多气囊数目有利于减小结构应力。本文研究为充气式再入减速器的强度校核及优化设计提供了有价值的参考。     

钨铼热电偶在航天器真空热试验中的应用

目前国内在航天器热试验温度测量方面还没有开展超过1400℃的超高温测量技术研究。文章基于航天器热试验常用热电偶测温原理,分析了钨铼热电偶的结构及制造工艺,并搭建一套热试验测量系统以验证其在航天器真空热试验温度测量系统中的应用。试验结果及数据分析表明,在真空低温环境下钨铼热电偶能够实现1600℃温度测量。     

Two-stage open-loop velocity compensating method applied to multi-mass elastic transmission system

In this paper, a novel vibration-suppression open-loop control method for multi-mass system is proposed, which uses two-stage velocity compensating algorithm and fuzzy I ＋ P control- ler. This compensating method is based on model-based control theory in order to provide a damp- ing effect on the system mechanical part. The mathematical model of multi-mass system is built and reduced to estimate the velocities of masses. The velocity difference between adjacent masses is cal- culated dynamically. A 3-mass system is regarded as the composition of two 2-mass systems in order to realize the two-stage compensating algorithm. Instead of using a typical PI controller in the velocity compensating loop, a fuzzy I ＋ P controller is designed and its input variables are decided according to their impact on the system, which is different from the conventional fuzzy PID controller designing rules. Simulations and experimental results show that the proposed veloc- ity compensating method is effective in suppressing vibration on a 3-mass system and it has a better performance when the designed fuzzy I ＋ P controller is utilized in the control system.