减少数字遥测数据中噪声的数值滤波技术

本文介绍了几种事后数值滤波技术。在数字遥测数据用于自动化计算机数据分析以前,利用这些技术减少或/和消除数字遥测数据中的噪声。这种遥测数据噪声来源于遥测载波信号过小或完全丢失,引起接收的脉码调制(PCM)数据出错。剔除错误的采样数据是事后分析中一项特别重要的工作,因为被污染数据可能给自动化计算机事后数据分析过程造成错误或偏差。当这些错误在最终换算后的数据中常接近测量值的上限或下限(数据跳点),很容易从采样数据中滤除。数据噪声偶尔表现为比较小的、不明显的波动,则分析员只有从图形(而不是数表)才能看出有噪声。因此,这类噪声更难于数字滤波。通常,采用手工噪声剔除或平滑,其结果变化较大。其主要缺点是:对现今的高采样率数字系统,采样数据量很大,因而耗时过大。另外,任何一种手工滤波总是对操作员依赖性很大。对错误采样数据的检测和识别显然是数据滤波中最困难的一步。我们已研究出几种识别方法,并在消除和平滑技术以前先加以详细介绍。研究了这些方法的技术局限性,对此也作了介绍。最后,对每种方法用图形绘出滤波处理前后的几组数据例子。     

利用苏联Glonass的C/A码进行定位

利用现有苏联全球卫星导航系统(Glonass)的详细资料已可设计一种能定位和定时的设备。其结果可与利用NAVSTAR GPS设备所得精度相当,而且有可能利用一种共同的导航设备。只有以各种卫星以及接收机工作方式和结构对两系统进行广泛试验之后才能回答这一问题。本文中,我们报道了第一阶段研究成果,即利用C/A码相位测量方式的单通道时序数字接收机完成基本定位和定时功能。目前试验阶段可用的卫星数量少严重限制了可用来作试验的时间和卫星布局。可是初步结果很有希望,在此基础上我们提出了建议,将来在几个实验室作一系列实验,评价这两个系统,最后将它们结合起来。     

为航天任务服务的地-地通信

本文叙述了目前的NASA通信同(NASCOM)以及该网为所有NASA航天计划提供长途工作通信的发展过程。还介绍了为满足80年代NASA远程通信要求而正在实施的一些方案和技术。     

高、低能扰动力函数对叶轮机阵发非定常气动力的影响(英文)

为了研究扰动力函数对多级叶轮机叶片排中基本的高、低能阵发非定常气动响应的影响,在研究用轴流压气机上进行了一系列的基础研究。      

TRANSIENT AERODYNAMIC BEHAVIOURS ASSOCIATED WITH STEPWISE INCIDENCE VARIATION OF AIRFOILS

Transient aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil are important for the safety of airplanes, the development of helicopter rotors and many other applications of unsteady aerodynamics. For a better understanding of these phenomena, it is necessary to investigate the simultaneous relation between the characteristics and the flow field. The purpose of the present study is to clarify experimentally the fundamentals of the aerodynamic behaviours associated with stepwise incidence variations from 0 to some certain values, including high angles of attack, of symmetric airfoils at low speeds, Reynolds number being of the order of 104. Temporal variations of surface pressure distribution, lift, drag and . pitching moment, and the observation of the flow field will be discussed.     

SEPARATED FLOW AROUND BENT-NOSE BICONIC IN HYPERSONIC FLOW

This article investigates the separated flow around the bent-nose biconic, in which the second ordered TVD(Total Variation Diminishing) method is applied. The governing cqua-tion is a thin layer Navier-Stokes equation. The surface pressure distribution at the leeward side is a little higher in the vicinity of the symmetrical plane. This seems to be caused by the development of the vortex at the leeward side due to the separated flow. The location of a separation line and the size are in very good agreement with the experiment. Also the secondary separation is captured very clearly.     

OPTICAL TELEPHONE CORD PASSING THROUGH LONG PIPE WITH SPIRAL FLOW

A new effective technique, useful in telecommunications industry for passing an optical telephone cord attached to a connector through pipeline,has been developed using the spiral flow. Using this technique, the cord could be passed through a straight pipeline 150 meters long and a roll of vinyl tube 50 meters long. However, under the same condition, the cord could not pass through when using the turbulent flow. To obtain a high speed stable spiral flow, a nozzle with an annular slit connected to a conical cylinder was used. A pressurized fluid with no tangential flow was supplied through this slit and the fluid, passing through the conical cylinder, was deformed into spiral flow with the steeper axial velocity distribution compared to that of turbulence pipe flow due to Coanda effect and instability. As a result, the cord was attracted to the axis area of the pipe, which effectively increased the ability for the work of cord passing. This high ability for cord passing is attributed mainly to the reduct     

STRATOSPHERIC LIGHTER-THAN-AIR POWERED PLATFORM

A feasibility study has been carried out on a high altitude (20km) superpressurcd PLTA(powered lighter-than-air) platform, which has a long service life and larger payload than that of a large artificial satellite. This PLTA platform has an electric propulsion system to cope with wind flow for position keeping and its thruster is driven by solar power acquired through solar cells. Solar energy is to be stored for night use in regenerative fuel cells. The study is focused on energy balance and hull structure analysis of the platform. This platform is particularly capable of conducting high resolution remote sensing and telecommunications relay. This platform can replace a number of ground-based telecommunications relay facilities and can guarantee reasonable radio frequency intensity enough to secure good telecommunications quality. The altitude where the platform resides is the least windy area in the lower stratosphere at a height from which one can have a direct line of sight on the ground within a 1,     

摆动磨削和强力(蠕动进给)磨削方法的发展现状和应用可能性

为了使平面和型面磨削这种方法的应用更广泛、更有效和更经济早在五十年代的中期,Edmund Lang 就已集中了一些助手,从事于寻找进行平面和型面磨削新方法的可能性。即利用一种新型机床,它既能达到当时在铣床上所能达到的切削效率,同时也能达到一般磨削所能达到的精度。在当时现有的经验基础上作进一步发展,有可能在一定的前提和考虑到一些影响因素(磨轮、驱动功率、机器设计)的情况下实现这