中低轨道卫星星座间的激光链路

阐述在中低轨道卫星星座全球通讯网络中应用的激光星间链路与在中继星间应用的激光星间链路相比，所具有的明显的优势。同时给出了应用于小卫星上的小光学用户终端的基本组成，并指出了当前在中低轨道卫星星座激光星间链路研究中所应当进行的主要研究方面。     

Solar particle events and the International Space Station

The high inclination orbit for the International Space Station poses a risk to astronauts on EVA during occasional periods of enhanced high energy particle flux from the sun known as Solar Particle Events. We are currently unable to predict these events within the few-hour lead time required for evasive action. Compounding the threat is the fact that station construction occurs during increasing solar activity and through the peak of the solar cycle. In this paper we present an overview of the risk, the current methods to provide forecasts of SPEs, and potential risk mitigation options.     

Metabolic assessments during extra-vehicular activity

Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) has a significant role during extended space flights. It demonstrates that humans can survive and perform useful work outside the Orbital Space Stations (OSS) while wearing protective space suits (SS). When the International Space Station 'Alpha' (ISSA) is fully operational, EVA assembly, installation, maintenance and repair operations will become an everyday repetitive work activity in space. It needs new ergonomic evaluation of the work/rest schedule for an increasing of the labor amount per EVA hour. The metabolism assessment is a helpful method to control the productivity of the EVA astronaut and to optimize the work/rest regime. Three following methods were used in Russia to estimate real-time metabolic rates during EVA: 1. Oxygen consumption, computed from the pressure drop in a high pressure bottle per unit time (with actual thermodynamic oxygen properties under high pressure and oxygen leakage taken into account). 2. Carbon dioxide production, computed from CO2 concentration at the contaminant control cartridge and gas flow rate in the life support subsystem closed loop (nominal mode) or gas leakage in the SS open loop (emergency mode). 3. Heat removal, computed from the difference between the temperatures of coolant water or gas and its flow rate in a unit of time (with assumed humidity and wet oxygen state taken into account). Comparison of heat removal values with metabolic rates enables us to determine the thermal balance during an operative medical control of EVA at "Salyut-6", "Salyut-7" and "Mir" OSS. Complex analysis of metabolism, body temperature and heat rate supports a differential diagnosis between emotional and thermal components of stress during EVA. It gives a prognosis of human homeostasis during EVA. Available information has been acquired into an EVA data base which is an effective tool for ergonomical optimization.     

先进发射系统使用的通用发动机概念及降低成本的途径

讨论通用发动机设计概念及其在运载火箭上的应用，对发动机计划成本和成本节约进行估算，并与助推级、芯级独立使用发动机的设计和研制相比较。     

地球观测系统时代之后的成像光谱技术

地球观测系统(EOS)时代将向地球系统科学遥感界提供有关大气、陆地表面和海洋间相互作用的大量新信息。由EOS-1平台上的高分辨率成像光谱仪(HIRIS)等仪器提供的高光谱和空间分辨率图像将成为EOS数据集的重要组成部分。可以预料,利用EOS可以进一步认识地球,但也要求未来的传感器比现有的这一代传感器具有更高的灵活性和测量能力。声光可调谐滤光器(AOTF′S)良好的光谱灵活性、偏振选择性及简单性预示着它在未来的成像光谱仪上的重要应用。AOTF′S是致密、紧固的固态晶体,它可对两种偏振态进行快速的(毫秒级)、电控的光谱调谐。本文将讨论基于AOTF的成像光谱仪的基本原理。     

载人航天遥测的调制体制

讨论了可用于载人航天遥测的各种调制体制的基本性能,全面比较了QPSK、OQPSK、MSK、GMSK四种体制。最后提出了选择载人航天遥测调制体制的几点看法。     

SiCp／Al复材光机结构件及光学反射镜的制造研究

论述了碳化硅颗粒增强铝基 (Si Cp/ Al)复合材料在空间光学遥感器上的应用 ,包括已经完成的空间光学遥感器镜身、镜盒结构件的设计 ,简要介绍了镜身、镜盒的铸造、机加工、热处理及表面处理技术 ,同时提出并进行该材料在大尺寸光学反射镜上的制造研究。     

超长薄壁带台阶筒体的旋压工艺

超长薄壁带台阶筒体在其加工上有较大难度 ,是适合用强力旋压加工完成的典型零件。通过工艺攻关 ,制作旋压工装 ,确定旋压方式、旋压方案、合理的旋压参数 ,旋压出了合格的筒体制件。该工艺方法已运用于正常的批量生产 ,制件精度良好 ,符合所有要求。     

高分辨率星载合成孔径雷达成像处理方法

提出了一种适用于大距离徒动高分辨率星载合成孔径雷达 (SAR)精确成像的改进Chirp Scaling(CS)成像处理算法 ,以及实现单视图象斑点噪声抑制的基于目标检测的增强无偏最大后验概率 (TDRGMAP)方法。采用这种高精度成像处理方法和单视图像斑点噪声抑制方法 ,可以实现星载 SAR高空间分辨率和高辐射分辨率的雷达图像。     

一种低RCS无人飞行器外形的气动特性实验研究

根据气动布局的基本原理,结合低RCS要求,设计了一种鸭式布局、带边条的翼身融合无人飞行器外形,实验结果表明,该外形不仅具有低RCS特征,而且具有良好的气动特性,升阻比达到8左右。