推进剂功能组分作用机理研究——(Ⅱ)丁羟/铝粉体系

在丁羟 /铝粉组成的实验体系中 ,通过测定药浆流变性的变化 ,研究了一些功能组分在推进剂中的作用机理。结果表明 ,醇胺络合物TEA·BF3 是推进剂中铝粉的偶联剂 ,在其它功能组分存在的条件下 ,仍能竞争吸附于铝粉颗粒表面。实验发现 ,在Al/HTPB/IPDI体系药浆中 ,TEA·BF3 与MAPO间存在明显的协同效应 ,使药浆流变性能显著恶化。文中对其它一些功能组分在药浆中的作用机理也进行了分析探讨。     

利用地磁场测量的小卫星自主导航设计

地磁场矢量是卫星所在位置的函数 ,通过对地磁场的测量 ,即可实现对近地小卫星的自主导航。本文采用卡尔曼滤波技术设计了小卫星基于地磁场测量的导航方法 ,在采用地磁场模型时选取磁偶极子模型 ,以此使设计算法的计算量大大减少。最后利用数字仿真验证了系统性能。     

On the dynamics of a novel manipulator with slewing and deployable links

Using a novel space platform-based manipulator with slewing and deployable links, the paper addresses two issues of considerable importance: (a) How important is it to model flexibility of the system? (b) How many modes are needed to adequately represent the elastic character? Results suggest that the fundamental mode is able to capture physics of the response quite accurately. Due to its massive character, the platform dynamics is virtually unaffected, even by severe maneuvers of the manipulator. Hence, treating the platform as rigid would save the computational cost without affecting the accuracy. Although the link flexibility does affect the manipulator's tip vibration, the joint and platform vibrations remain negligible. The revolute joint flexibility appears to be an important parameter affecting both the joint as well as tip responses. The information should prove useful in the design of this new class of manipulators.     

Influence of Trapped Plasma on the Structure of Collisionless Thin Current Sheets

Using both analytical and numerical models of the collisionless anisotropic current sheet generated by the impinging flows of transient ions, we have studied the self-consistent solutions taking the plasma trapped in the sheet into account. It is demonstrated that there exists a limited window in the space of system parameters where self-consistent solutions can exist. When the density of the quasi-trapped plasma is sufficiently large, a redistribution of the total current can be a cause of the sheet decay, when the local current of the trapped particles compensate (totally or in part) the main current in the center and at the edges of the sheet, while the total current generated by ions on the trapped trajectories vanishes.     

RLV economics: fiscal evaluation of NASA''s reusable launch vehicle effort

The US RLV program aims to stimulate commercial development of a next-generation heavy-lift launcher and lower launch costs by one order of magnitude from the Space Shuttle. This paper discusses the incentives needed to encourage private investment — income tax relief, investment mitigation, financing assistance — in the venture and uses a specifically developed case study model to evaluate their effectiveness. It finds that an R&D tax credit would be the most practical incentive. Directions for future work are provided.     

Surreal estate: addressing the issue of ‘Immovable Property Rights on the Moon’

At a time when scientific and commercial interest in the Moon is being reinvigorated it is becoming fashionable for ordinary individuals to ‘buy’ plots on the lunar surface, with the ‘vendors’ arguing that an absence of specific prohibition of individual private activity in space makes such action legal. It is therefore time for the legal community to address this situation by investigating just how legal such activity is—and bringing their findings to the attention of governments. This can be done through an examination of the relationship between national law and international space law, of the provisions of international space law—especially Article 2 of the Outer Space Treaty—and by answering any claims to private ownership of immovable property. Aside from the fact that individuals appear to be being duped, the pursuit of property claims on the Moon could impede future activities aimed at benefiting society.     

Optimum Number of Stages in a Staged Vehicle

The problem of optimum partitioning of a staged vehicle (SV) and determination of the minimal number of stages to provide for a maximum velocity in the vertical SV motion in a homogeneous gravity field is considered at a given value of payload mass.     

空间交会动力学和安全模式

本文首先导出空间交会相对运动方程并给出其物理解释,然后给出动力学方程的解析解,并分析其动力学性质,最后导出不碰撞安全区和位置保持点的表达式。选择适当初始条件可以求出安全区和保持点。     

Thrust modulation of solid propellant rockets by a fluidic vortex valve with secondary combustion

An analytical model for calculation of the thrust and pressure modulation of a solid propellant rocket by means of a fluidic vortex valve with secondary combustion has been developed. Thrust control by the vortex valve method was found superior to the axial injection of control flow. Addition of oxygen in the injected flow improves the energetic performance of the system as well as the thrust modulation capability. Experiments have been conducted using a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen as the injection gas. The two main parameters investigated in a series of experiments were the oxygen percentage in the injection gas and the ratio between the mass flow rates of the control gas and the solid propellant combustion products. The results show an increase of thrust by a factor of 2 for a 25% addition in mass flow rate by secondary injection at optimal conditions.     

On the breakdown of wave fronts of characteristics in an ideal dissociating gas

Using the method of characteristics, the problem of breaking or non-breaking of waves is studied in a plane cylindrically or spherically symmetric flow of an ideal dissociating gas. It is investigated as to how the effects of dissociation and that of the wave front curvature influence the breaking or non-breaking of waves. In a symmetrical converging gas motion a remarkable difference between the behaviours of cylindrical and spherical waves is discovered.