上游转子对下游静子叶片气动力的影响

为研究轴流压气机下游静子叶片非定常气动力的大小和频率的变化规律,采用在静子叶片表面埋设微型动态压力传感器的方法,在低速单级轴流压气机实验器上进行了静子叶片表面压力的测量。测量了不同轴向间距、不同转速下从近堵塞到近失速的宽广流量范围,并对所测得的静子叶片非定常气动力进行了离散傅立叶变换,以分析其频谱特性。实验结果表明：在转子尾迹的影响下,静子叶片表面的波动频率是转子的尾迹频率及其倍频。转子尾迹频率的高频分量对静子叶片吸力面前缘的影响比对其他位置的影响大。叶片表面的非定常压力和气动力随压气机流量、转速和轴向间距的变化而变化。     

直扩系统最佳接收条件下的处理增益研究

目前在计算直扩系统的扩频处理增益时一般都是采用求扩频前后带宽之比的公式,这个公式求出的只是一个近似值,而且近似程度不高。针对这一问题,文章分析了直扩系统的最佳接收机,提出了直扩系统的无信息码元间串扰的条件,并在此基础上推导出在白噪声及窄带干扰下的扩频处理增益的一个较精确的公式,得出了窄带干扰下的扩频处理增益的最大值及达到最大值的条件。     

航天器轻量化多功能结构设计与制造技术研究进展

轻质多功能结构是航天器装备实现轻量化的重要技术途径,本文针对航天器轻量化多功能结构设计与制造技术进行概述,重点介绍了高承载三维点阵结构、热变形稳定结构、智能折展结构、分离解锁结构、电磁隐身结构、以及复合材料新型连接技术等方面的现状及发展趋势,浅析了航天器装备新型结构研制面临的关键技术问题.     

近距鸭翼高度对鸭翼－前掠翼布局纵向气动特性影响的实验研究

前掠翼布局由于其潜在的优越性,在未来战斗机的研究设计中将占有日益重要的地位.本文通过风洞测力实验,研究了近距鸭翼相对于前掠主机翼的高度对布局纵向气动性能的影响.实验结果表明:随着主机翼前掠角的增大,近距鸭翼布置高度逐渐增加可获得较好的气动特性.     

Comparative analysis of four different single-frequency PPP models on positioning performance and atmosphere delay retrieval

Single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) has attracted increasing attention due to its high precision and cost effectiveness. With various strategies to handle the dominant error, i.e., ionosphere delay, the ionosphere-float (IF), ionosphere-free-half (IFH), ionosphere-corrected (IC), and ionosphere-weighted (IW) SF-PPP models are certain to possess different characteristics and performance levels. This study is dedicated to assessing and comparing the four models from model characteristics, positioning performance, and atmosphere delay retrieval. The model comparison shows that IC and IW models are full-rank while IF and IFH models have a rank deficiency of size one that will result in biased estimations, which means the better solvability of IC and IW models. The experiments are carried out based on the 7-day Global Positioning System (GPS) observations collected at 57 global Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) stations and Global Ionosphere Map (GIM) products. The results indicate that the IW model can accelerate SF-PPP convergence and achieve higher positioning accuracy compared to the other three SF-PPP models, especially in kinematic mode. With convergence criteria of 0.25 m in horizontal and 0.5 m in vertical, the east/north/up convergence times of IW model are 0.5/15.0/25.0 min and 0.5/16.0/36.5 min for static and kinematic modes, respectively. The IW model is able to achieve an instantaneous positioning accuracy of 0.28/0.35/0.75 m. In addition, a real kinematic test also demonstrates the best positioning solutions of IW model. Regarding troposphere delay retrieval, the IF, IFH, and IW models obtain a comparable daily accuracy of 3.0 cm on average, while the IC model achieves the worst accuracy of 8.0 cm. For precise ionosphere delay estimation, IW model only needs an average initialization time of 34.3 min, but a longer initialization time of 51.6 min is required for IF model. The daily precision of ionosphere delay estimation for IW model can reach up to 10.8 cm. At the present accuracy of GIM products, it is suggested that the IW model should be adopted for SF-PPP first due to its superior performance in positioning and atmosphere delay retrieval.     

中心进气旋转盘腔换热特性对无量纲参数的敏感性分析

针对早期旋转盘腔换热特性研究中常忽略压缩性和耗散效应影响的研究方法，在定几何、常物性、可压缩、有耗散假设下，对描述旋转盘腔系统的控制方程进行了无量纲分析，得到除无量纲空间位置外的7个无量纲准则数。利用数值模拟的方法探究了中心进气转静系盘腔换热特性对7个无量纲参数的敏感性。结果表明：在本文研究的某些工况内，反映进口耗散效应的埃克特准则与反映转盘热边界的基比切夫准则以及固体的无量纲导热系数对努塞尔数的影响程度与旋转雷诺准则同量级。根据本文分析结果，给出了早期旋转盘腔换热特性研究成果在先进航空发动机旋转盘腔设计工作中应用的注意事项和工程建议。     

Classification of solar wind structures and intense geomagnetic storm alarms with self-organizing maps

Intense geomagnetic storms (D_st < −100 nT) usually occur when a large interplanetary duskward-electric field (with Ey > 5 mV m⁻¹) lasts for more than 3 h. In this article, a self-organizing map (SOM) neural network is used to recognize different patterns in the temporal variation of hourly averaged Ey data and to predict intense storms. The input parameters of SOM are the hourly averaged Ey data over 3 h. The output layer of the SOM has a total of 400 neurons. The hourly Ey data are calculated from solar wind data, which are provided by NSSDC OMNIWeb and ACE spacecraft and contain information on 143 intense storms and a fair number of moderate storms, weak storms and quiet periods between September 3, 1966 and June 30, 2002. Our results show that SOM is able to classify solar wind structures and therefore to give timely intense storm alarms. In our SOM, 21 neurons out of 400 are identified to be closely associated with the intense storms and they successfully predict 134 intense storms out of the 143 ones selected. In particular, there are 14 neurons for which, if one or more of them are present, the occurrence probability of intense storms is about 90%. In addition, several of these 14 neurons can predict big magnetic storm (D_st  −180 nT). In summary, our method achieves high accuracy in predicting intense geomagnetic storms and could be applied in space environment prediction.     

三维曲面测量新方法：半球头测量法

提出的半球头测量法从理论上消除了三维曲面截形测量时由于被测曲面的扭曲对测头所造成的干涉,使曲面测量直接转化为曲线测量,从而简化了测量和数据处理过程,为曲面测量提供了一种既简便实用又具有较高精度的新方法。     

具有神经元网络补偿的隐式广义预测控制的硬件设计与分析

针对隐式广义预测控制算法在被控系统复杂性增加时有效性降低、实时性变差的问题，本文将神经元网络作为该算法的补偿，提出了一种具有神经元网络补偿的隐式广义预测控制方法，并着重讨论了神经元网络的硬件设计和ＮＩＧＰＣ的实现。仿真结果表明：ＮＩＧＰＣ不仅保留了ＩＧＰＣ鲁棒性强等特点，更主要的是它提高了ＩＧＰＣ的的实时性，并使之具有良好的跟踪特性。     

宇宙飞行器定点着陆自动控制算法

本文描述了宇宙飞行器以第一宇宙速度返回地面并定点着陆的控制算法。分析了在大气中下降的过程，研究了下降段上的空间运动。给出了数值计算机上的模拟结果。本报告共分为４部分。