Receptivity and structural sensitivity study of the wide vaneless diffuser flow with adjoint method

The stability of the flow in the vaneless diffuser of a centrifugal compressor is studied with the linear theory. The characteristics of direct and adjoint perturbation modes are investigated, and the receptivity of the instability mode to momentum forcing or mass injection is identified based on the adjoint modes. Analysis shows that the perturbation with the largest amplitude is located at the outlet of the vaneless diffuser, while the highest-receptivity region is located in the middle of the vaneless diffuser along the radial direction. The large difference between the direct and adjoint modes indicates that the instability mechanism cannot be identified from a study of either eigenmode separately. Therefore, the structural sensitivity analysis is adopted to study the feedback of the instability mode. The structural sensitivity of the eigenvalue which is proportional to the perturbation pressure and velocity is used to explain the mechanism of flow control for the vaneless diffuser.     

Long-term time-varying characteristics of UPD products generated by a global and regional network and their interoperable application in PPP

The quality and availability of Uncalibrated Phase Delay (UPD) solutions are crucial to the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) service, and the long-term temporal variability and its contributing factors should be better understood. In this paper, we comprehensively investigate the long-term time-varying characteristics of each UPD product respectively generated by a global and regional network and their interoperable application in PPP-AR (ambiguity resolution), the sampling of the WL and NL UPDs are daily and 30 s, respectively. Firstly, in terms of our 30 day Wide-Lane (WL) UPD products of 31 satellites, the Standard Deviation (STD) of each satellite WL UPDs ranges from 0.04 to 0.06 cycles, indicating that the long-term prediction accuracy of satellite WL UPD is sufficient for fixing Wide-Lane ambiguities. Secondly, when a satellite in eclipsing the discontinulity may corrupt the determination of Narrow-Lane (NL) UPD in form of offset, as a result of lacking or poor satellite attitude dynamic modeling. When the influence of discontinuity is removed, the STD of our estimated satellite NL UPDs is less than 0.05 cycles. Thirdly, the STD of our estimated receiver WL UPDs is mainly below 0.2 cycles, which implies that its stability is one order poorer that of the satellite. In addition, if they are used for stations in and around the network covered region, the stability of the UPD products from the CMONOC (Crustal Movement Observation Network of China) is better than that from a global network, benefit from the fact that all the CMONOC stations are equipped with the same receiver type. Finally, the PPP-AR results show that a rate of 82.9% for stations with a WL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 90% while 69.5% for stations with an NL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 80% can be achieved when using UPD from the global network, which is worse than that of using UPD from the CMONOC (85.7% for stations with a WL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 90% while 75% for stations with an NL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 80%). The results of the experiment on the UPD interoperable application in PPP show that the global network UPD products can provide a fast AR at any single station, and the convergence time is well below 25 min. Particularly, when the location of a station is in and around the regional network, our results show that the PPP results obtained using regional UPDs enable the consistent use of global UPDs. When the location of a station is far away from the regional network, using the regional UPDs can not achieve PPP-AR. Finally, the WL UPDs of the previous day is used for forecasting to estimate the NL UPDs, the stability analysis results of NL UPDs solution and positioning results are demonstrate the validity of forecasted UPD products.     

Crustal deformation characteristics of Sichuan-Yunnan region in China on the constraint of multi-periods of GPS velocity fields

In order to obtain deformation parameters in each block of Sichuan-Yunnan Region (SYG) in China by stages and establish a dynamic model about the variation of the strain rate fields and the surface expansion in this area, we taken the Global Positioning System (GPS) sites velocity in the region as constrained condition and taken advantage of the block strain calculation model based on spherical surface. We also analyzed the deformation of the active blocks in the whole SYG before and after the Wenchuan earthquake, and analyzed the deformation of active blocks near the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake in detail. The results show that, (1) Under the effects of the carving from India plate and the crimping from the potential energy of Tibetan Plateau for a long time, there is a certain periodicity in crustal deformation in SYG. And the period change and the earthquake occurrence have a good agreement. (2) The differences in GPS velocity fields relative Eurasian reference frame shows that the Wenchuan earthquake and the Ya'an earthquake mainly affect the crustal movement in the central and southern part of SYG, and the average velocity difference is about 4–8?mm/a for the Wenchuan earthquake and 2–4?mm/a for the Ya'an earthquake. (3) For the Wenchuan earthquake, the average strain changed from 10 to 20 nanostrian/a before earthquake to 40–50 nanostrian/a after the earthquake, but before and after the Ya’an earthquake, the strain value increased from about 15 nanostrian/a to about 30 nanostrian/a. (4) The Wenchuan earthquake has changed the strain parameter of each active block more or less. Especially, the Longmen block and Chengdu block near the epicenter. The research provides fundamental material for the study of the dynamic mechanism of the push extrusion from the north-east of the India plate and the crimp from Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and it also provides support for the study of crustal stress variation and earthquake prediction in Sichuan Yunnan region.     

飞机结构作战生存力设计要素与评估研究

飞机结构作战生存力是影响飞机综合作战效能的关键因素,飞机结构的生存力设计对提高飞机的作战能力、降低寿命周期的费用、保证飞机处于良好的战备状态具有重要意义。从飞机生存力的内涵和结构生存力设计要求出发,梳理飞机结构生存力设计要素;分析战损情况下结构生存力设计准则,重点开展爆炸引起的超压和波阵风载荷下飞机结构生存力研究,并给...     

耐高温电磁屏蔽材料研究

选择了双马来酰亚胺为基础的聚酰亚胺树脂体系进行实验,并对基体材料进行了改性研究。研 究结果表明:改性后的材料能在中温固化,且材料满足360℃的耐高温要求。实验选择密度较低的片状金属粉 体作为导电填料,并采用聚乙烯蜡和膨润土作为复合防沉剂,使得改性聚酰亚胺电磁屏蔽材料表面电阻降至 0. 59 Ω,屏蔽效能大于40 dB,且该材料具有良好的防沉降性、柔韧性和耐冲击性,满足发动机使用要求。     

PVC 阻燃酚醛纤维的制备及其性能

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)改性酚醛树脂为原料,采用熔融纺丝法制备出PVC阻燃酚醛纤维.通过SEM、DMA、TG、Fr-IR等分析手段,对PVC阻燃酚醛纤维的结构和性能进行了研究.与纯酚醛纤维相比,PVC阻燃纤维的韧性和阻燃性提高,但其热稳定性和残碳率稍有降低.当PVC含量为0.5wt％时,其拉伸强度从123 MPa提高至150 MPa,极限氧指数从32.1％提高至38.5％,在空气气氛下600℃的残碳率从87.4％降至70.9％,在氮气气氛下1 000℃的残碳率从62.8％降至59.7％.     

铝锂合金研究进展及发展趋势

铝锂合金历经三代发展,形成了完善的材料谱系,具有高比强度、高比韧度、高耐损伤的特点,是一种具有替代传统铝合金潜力,高减重效益的轻质合金,被认为是21世纪飞行器和舰船理想的结构材料。本文回顾了铝锂合金的发展历程,介绍了铝锂合金的成分设计思路、主要制备方法、先进应用技术等方面的研究进展,梳理了铝锂合金的发展趋势,指出成本较高是制约铝锂合金进一步大规模应用的主要问题,提出完善铝锂合金产品类型,开展抗疲劳、耐损伤、低密度铝锂合金研制,研究铝锂合金大型零件的整体制造技术,开发开展铝锂合金时效成形技术,激光焊、搅拌摩擦焊等先进连接技术等应用研究方向。     

近地轨道集群航天器电磁编队飞行非线性反馈控制方法

针对近地轨道集群航天器电磁编队飞行的动力学和控制问题, 提出了一种非线性反馈控制方法. 基于电磁力模型和地磁场模型, 分析了地磁场对近地轨道电磁编队的影响; 建立了集群航天器电磁编队高精度相对轨道动力学模型; 基于Lyapunov稳定性理论设计了一种非线性反馈控制律, 利用该方法对两星电磁编队维持控制进行了仿真验证. 仿真结果表明, 地磁场引起的电磁干扰力可以忽略, 但是电磁干扰力矩的影响必须考虑; 近地轨道集群航天器电磁编队是可控的, 所设计的控制方法是可行的.      

空间交会对接GNC软件的自动化测试

介绍一种面向航天器空间交会对接GNC软件的自动化测试方法,通过对测试用例和测试脚本的管理、测试过程的自动执行、测试数据的判读和测试缺陷管理,实现对航天器空间交会对接软件的自动化测试.实践表明所述的自动化测试方法在GNC软件的测试中发挥了重要作用.     

中国市场直接运营成本（DOC）计算方法研究与应用

民机运营经济性的分析是民机市场销售成功的关键因素。首先总结了直接使用成本（DOC）模型的研究进展;然后结合中国市场情况,提出一种简单可行的用于民用飞机方案评估的DOC计算模型;接着给出了某典型喷气式客机的计算分析算例,结果表明本文所示的计算方法具有一定的工程指导意义;最后提出进一步研究的主要方向。