偏振光干涉计量中的椭圆偏振化误差分析

主要分析两束相互垂直的线偏振光经过金属反射镜反射后引起的椭圆偏振化的不对称性，并研究由此产生的非线性误差的变化规律，这对提高偏振光外差干涉仪的测量精度是极为重要的。     

提高压电式直线电机推力新技术

介绍了蠕动式、脉冲式、行波式及表面波式等几种压电直线电机的改进措施和进展情况，其中微脊式蠕动直线电机和表面波直线电机极有可能成为今后压电直线电机的商品化市场的新产品方向。     

几何量纳米计量方法及仪器

几何量计量已经走进纳米空间,本文在讨论纳米计量的必要性、可能性和特殊性的基础上介绍并总结了几何量纳米计量的基本方法和仪器。     

吸波Cf和SiCf的制备及其微波电磁特性

探讨吸波Cf和吸波SiCf的制备方法方法和微波电磁特性，降低Cf的碳化温度、改变Cf的截面形状和大小、对Cf进行表面改性以及对Cf进行掺杂改性能制备出吸波性能优良的Cf，采用高温处理，对纤维进行表面改性和掺杂异种元素可制备出吸波SiCf.     

A salient edges detection algorithm of multi-sensor images and its rapid calculation based on PFCM kernel clustering

Multi-sensor image matching based on salient edges has broad prospect in applications, but it is difficult to extract salient edges of real multi-sensor images with noises fast and accurately by using common algorithms. According to the analysis of the features of salient edges, a novel salient edges detection algorithm and its rapid calculation are proposed based on possibility fuzzy C-means （PFCM） kernel clustering using two-dimensional vectors composed of the values of gray and texture. PFCM clustering can overcome the shortcomings that fuzzy C-means （FCM） cluster- ing is sensitive to noises and possibility C-means （PCM） clustering tends to find identical clusters. On this basis, a method is proposed to improve real-time performance by compressing data sets based on the idea of data reduction in the field of mathematical analysis. In addition, the idea that kernel-space is linearly separable is used to enhance robustness further. Experimental results show that this method extracts salient edges for real multi-sensor images with noises more accurately than the algorithm based on force fields and the FCM algorithm; and the proposed method is on average about 56 times faster than the PFCM algorithm in real time and has better robustness.     

Sliding mode control based guidance law with impact angle constraint

The terminal guidance problem for an unpowered lifting reentry vehicle against a sta- tionary target is considered. In addition to attacking the target with high accuracy, the vehicle is also expected to achieve a desired impact angle. In this paper, a sliding mode control （SMC）-based guidance law is developed to satisfy the terminal angle constraint. Firstly, a specific sliding mode function is designed, and the terminal requirements can be achieved by enforcing both the sliding mode function and its derivative to zero at the end of the flight. Then, a backstepping approach is used to ensure the finite-time reaching phase of the sliding mode and the analytic expression of the control effort can be obtained. The trajectories generated by this method only depend on the initial and terminal conditions of the terminal phase and the instantaneous states of the vehicle. In order to test the performance of the proposed guidance law in practical application, numerical simulations are carried out by taking all the aerodynamic parameters into consideration. The effec- tiveness of the proposed guidance law is verified by the simulation results in various scenarios.     

High temporal resolution global PWV dataset of 2005–2016 by using a neural network approach to determine the mean temperature of the atmosphere

Atmospheric water vapour plays an important role in phenomena related to the global hydrologic cycle and climate change. However, the rapid temporal–spatial variation in global tropospheric water vapour has not been well investigated due to a lack of long-term, high-temporal-resolution precipitable water vapour (PWV). Accordingly, this study generates an hourly PWV dataset for 272 ground-based International Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations over the period of 2005–2016 using the zenith troposphere delay (ZTD) derived from global-scale GNSS observation. The root mean square (RMS) of the hourly ZTD obtained from the IGS tropospheric product is approximately 4 mm. A fifth-generation reanalysis dataset of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF ERA5) is used to obtain hourly surface temperature (T) and pressure (P), which are first validated with GNSS synoptic station data and radiosonde data, respectively. Then, T and P are used to calculate the water vapour-weighted atmospheric mean temperature (Tm) and zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD), respectively. T and P at the GNSS stations are obtained via an interpolation in the horizontal and vertical directions using the grid-based ERA5 reanalysis dataset. Here, Tm is calculated using a neural network model, whereas ZHD is obtained using an empirical Saastamoinen model. The RMS values of T and P at the collocated 693 radiosonde stations are 1.6 K and 3.1 hPa, respectively. Therefore, the theoretical error of PWV caused by the errors in ZTD, T and P is on the order of approximately 2.1 mm. A practical comparison experiment is performed using 97 collocated radiosonde stations and 23 GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. The RMS and bias of the hourly PWV dataset are 2.87/?0.16 and 2.45/0.55 mm, respectively, when compared with radiosonde and GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. Additionally, preliminary analysis of the hourly PWV dataset during the EI Niño event of 2014–2016 further indicates the capability of monitoring the daily changes in atmospheric water vapour. This finding is interesting and significant for further climate research.     

AP复合固体推进剂燃烧模型

本文提出了一个复合固体推进剂的综合燃烧模型和相应的数学处理方法。该模型对凝聚相反应作了更细微的分析,特别重视和强调了各种热量传递对燃烧所起的作用,并以推进剂中处于连续相的粘合剂线性分解速度表示推进剂的线性燃速。根据此模型编制程序并进行了大量计算。计算结果与实验符合得很好。对AP/HTPB多级配推进剂的计算结果中,相对误差小于10％的占80％,对Ae/AP/HTPB推进剂则占90％以上。     

运用数学方法模拟推进剂贮箱增压

本文介绍了运用数学方法模拟推进剂贮箱内的增压、传热和传质的物理热动力过程.增压系统的目的是控制推进剂贮箱内的气体空间(也称为"气垫空间")压力和进入发动机的推进剂质量流量.用数学模拟来预测气垫和推进剂的状态以保证贮箱内的压力和温度值保持在认可的限度内,即使离开贮箱的推进剂压力满足发动机泵入口的净吸程要求.     

翼伞雀降技术

雀降是翼伞的一种重要性能,在本质上是一种小心操纵的动力失速,使回收系统以最小的速度着陆,降低着陆冲击,实现定点着陆。文章简要介绍了翼伞雀降技术的概念、雀降的典型过程和影响雀降性能的主要因素。目前有限元模拟技术已经用于大型冲压翼伞的雀降技术研究中。随着回收载荷和空投物质量的增加,原来用于翼伞雀降的伺服机构已不再适用,各国正在寻找新的动力源或方法来实现自动雀降。