石墨纤维/改性氰酸酯复合材料的应用研究

采用环氧树脂对4,4-二氰酸酯基二苯基丙烷(BADCy)进行共聚改性,通过DSC分析,确定了固化工艺参数,并与石墨纤维(UHMCF)复合制成单向板,测试了不同后处理温度制得的单向板力学性能,并与现用UHMCF/树脂基复合材料单向板的力学性能进行了比较,测试了UHMCF/改性氰酸酯的空间环境性能;制备了UHMCF/改性氰酸酯结构件,测试其性能,并与现用UHMCF/树脂基复合材料同类结构件的性能进行了比较。结果表明:UHMCF/改性氰酸酯不论是单向板还是结构件的性能均优于现用UHMCF/树脂基复合材料的性能,且满足空间环境对航天器结构材料性能的要求。     

涡轮叶尖泄漏流被动控制数值模拟

结合基于密度修正的采用雷诺应力湍流模型加壁面函数的三维计算流体力学程序,通过在叶尖吸力面表面加肋条的被动控制方法以期减小叶尖间隙泄漏流动带来的损失,对某一轴流涡轮转子叶尖间隙泄漏流场的被动控制进行了数值模拟研究,并详细分析了在不同肋条高度下泄漏流场细节,最后计算了涡轮效率。结果表明,在涡轮叶尖表面沿吸力面边缘镶肋条对泄漏流动进行被动控制,相对于与其相对叶尖间隙高度相等的基本间隙流场,涡轮效率增大;肋条高度对涡轮效率有较大影响,相对等绝对叶尖间隙高度的基本流场,增大肋条高度可以提高涡轮效率。在叶尖间隙区域前半部,肋条对泄漏流动的阻挡作用使得在叶尖表面出现回流区,阻碍泄漏流动;在叶尖间隙区域后半部,回流区消失。     

Foreign Object Damage to Fan Rotor Blades of Aeroengine Part Ⅱ： Numerical Simulation of Bird Impact

Bird impact is one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. The consequences of bird impact can be severe and, therefore, the aircraft components have to be certified for a proven level of bird impact resistance before being put into service. The fan rotor blades of aeroengine are the components being easily impacted by birds. It is necessary to ensure that the fan rotor blades should have adequate resistance against the bird impact, to reduce the flying accidents caused by bird impacts. Using the contacting-impacting algorithm, the numerical simulation is carded out to simulate bird impact. A three-blade computational model is set up for the fan rotor blade having shrouds. The transient response curves of the points corresponding to measured points in experiments, displacements and equivalent stresses on the blades are obtained during the simulation. From the comparison of the transient response curves obtained from numerical simulation with that obtained from experiments, it can be found that the variations in measured points and the corresponding points of simulation are basically the same. The deforming process, the maximum displacements and the maximum equivalent stresses on blades are analyzed. The numerical simulation verifies and complements the experiment results.     

高超声速圆锥边界层转捩数值研究

以类似于处理湍流脉动的方式来模型化非湍流脉动,考虑湍流的间歇性特征及引起超声速流动失稳机制,研究包括转捩起始位置及转捩区范围的高超声速流动转捩问题,发展可反映扰动模态和可压缩性影响的两方程SST转捩/湍流模式.针对尖锥模型,在马赫数6、攻角O°～2°时,采用第二模态(Second-mode)机制,预测并比较完全层流态、完全湍流态,以及自然转捩发展过程中的表面热流、表面摩阻等气动特性.     

直升机尾桨涡环飞行试验研究

根据样机右侧飞的飞行试验,对尾桨涡环现象进行了计算分析;根据右侧飞试验结果,估算出样机悬停回转时尾桨处于涡环状态的偏航角速度范围;将试验结果与国内外的涡环状态判据进行了对比。结果表明,国外的涡环判据不适用于样机的尾桨涡环状态判定,国内的高-辛判据与试验结果一致。     

航空结构用环氧树脂基复合材料增韧技术的工艺研究

采用“离位”增韧技术对NY9200G／T300环氧树脂体系复合材料进行增韧,通过试验,将其与增韧前性能进行比较,结果表明：经过“离位”技术增韧,在基本保持NY9200G／T300复合材料力学性能和工艺性能的同时,大幅度地提高了该复合材料的韧性。     

三支承磁悬浮轴承转子系统性能的实验分析

在一般磁悬浮轴承转子系统的基础上增加辅助磁悬浮支承组件,构成磁轴承与辅助磁悬浮支承组合三点支承转子系统。通过试验模态分析和系统高速旋转实验研究了不同控制参数下,组合支承柔性转子系统的动态性能,并与二支承系统进行了比较。实验结果表明,辅助磁悬浮支承对系统性能有较大影响,提高了系统在各阶模态振动时的阻尼,使系统顺利越过二阶弯曲临界转速在16000rpm以上稳定运行。     

航空二冲程汽油发动机均值模型的研究与仿真

发动机平均值模型由于其模型简单、计算时间短、使用方便,且能满足控制设计的要求被广泛应用。目前均值模型主要在四冲程汽油机和大型二冲程柴油机上广泛应用,小型航空二冲程汽油发动机平均值模型国内外应用很少。本文采用机理建模和试验建模相结合的方法建立了发动机均值模型,为研究二冲程汽油发动机提供了一种思路。二冲程汽油机平均值模型主要分为三个动态子模块：燃油蒸发与油膜动态子模块、进气道与曲轴箱扫气子模块和动力输出子模块,建模中考虑了簧片阀的建模,同时考虑了扫气过程中的短路损失。分别建立了动力输出和转速模型、空燃比模型,并进行了Matlab/simulink仿真,仿真结果和实验数据吻合,证明了该均值模型的正确性。     

New Horizons: Anticipated Scientific Investigations at the Pluto System

The New Horizons spacecraft will achieve a wide range of measurement objectives at the Pluto system, including color and panchromatic maps, 1.25–2.50 micron spectral images for studying surface compositions, and measurements of Pluto’s atmosphere (temperatures, composition, hazes, and the escape rate). Additional measurement objectives include topography, surface temperatures, and the solar wind interaction. The fulfillment of these measurement objectives will broaden our understanding of the Pluto system, such as the origin of the Pluto system, the processes operating on the surface, the volatile transport cycle, and the energetics and chemistry of the atmosphere. The mission, payload, and strawman observing sequences have been designed to achieve the NASA-specified measurement objectives and maximize the science return. The planned observations at the Pluto system will extend our knowledge of other objects formed by giant impact (such as the Earth–moon), other objects formed in the outer solar system (such as comets and other icy dwarf planets), other bodies with surfaces in vapor-pressure equilibrium (such as Triton and Mars), and other bodies with N₂:CH₄ atmospheres (such as Titan, Triton, and the early Earth).