Analytic estimation and numerical modeling of actively cooled thermal protection systems with nickel alloys

Actively cooled thermal protection system has great influence on the engine of a hypersonic vehicle, and it is significant to obtain the thermal and stress distribution in the system. So an analytic estimation and numerical modeling are performed in this paper to investigate the behavior of an actively cooled thermal protection system. The analytic estimation is based on the electric analogy method and finite element analysis（FEA） is applied to the numerical simulation. Temperature and stress distributions are obtained for the actively cooled channel walls with three kinds of nickel alloys with or with no thermal barrier coating（TBC）. The temperature of the channel wall with coating has no obvious difference from the one with no coating, but the stress with coating on the channel wall is much smaller than that with no coating. Inconel X-750 has the best characteristics among the three Ni-based materials due to its higher thermal conductivity, lower elasticity module and greater allowable stress. Analytic estimation and numerical modeling results are compared with each other and a reasonable agreement is obtained.     

Ionospheric correction using GPS Klobuchar coefficients with an empirical night-time delay model

We proposed an ionospheric correction approach called NKlob to mitigate the ionospheric delay errors. NKlob is a modification of the original GPS Ionospheric Correction Algorithm (ICA), which uses an empirical night-time model depending on the time, geomagnetic location and periodicities of the ionospheric behavior to replace the night-time constant delay in GPS ICA. Performance of NKlob was evaluated by the independent total electron contents (TECs) derived from Global Ionospheric Maps (GIMs) of the International GNSS Services (IGS) and Jason-2 altimetry satellite during 2013–2017. Compared to GIM TECs, NKlob corrects 51.5% of the ionospheric delay errors, which outperforms GPS ICA by 6.3%. Compared to Jason-2 TECs, NKlob mitigates the ionospheric errors by 58.1%, which is approximately 3.7% better than that of GPS ICA. NKlob shows significant improvement in low-latitude and equatorial regions with respect to GPS ICA, meanwhile exhibiting comparable performance at middle and high latitudes. Since NKlob only requires slight technical changes at the processing level of GPS receivers, we suppose that it can be easily implemented for better ionospheric delay corrections of real-time GPS single-frequency applications.     

平板蒸发器环路热管的性能研究

作为一种新型的热控元件,环路热管依靠其可靠性高、传热能力强和等温性好等特性,能够在小温差、长距离的情况下传递大量的热量,因而被广泛地应用于卫星、飞船及电子产品等的热控。特别是具有平板蒸发器的微型环路热管具有很广阔的应用潜能。文章建立了环路热管运行的热力学和动力学模型,在此基础上用C++程序语言设计了相应程序,对某给定环路热管进行了热力特性计算。研究表明,蒸发器内部的压力降在环路总压降中占主导地位。     

基于模糊关联分类器的民机超限事件诊断方法

现有的民用飞机超限事件智能诊断模型大多属于“黑盒”模型,不利于分析超限事件发生的原因.为此提出了一种基于模糊关联分类器(FAC,Fuzzy Associative Classifier)的民用飞机超限事件诊断方法.该方法抽取发生超限事件时对应的QAR(Quick Access Recorder)参数快照取值,采用模糊C均值(FCM,Fuzzy C-Means)聚类算法对抽取的QAR参数取值模糊预处理,然后基于Apriori算法生成模糊关联分类规则库,并由遗传算法对其进行裁剪,结合模糊分类推理方法形成FAC.采用B737-800实际样本数据进行了验证.实验结果表明,所提出的FAC能有效诊断超限事件,FAC识别超限事件的错误率与最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM,Least Squares Support Vector Machine)模型相当,但其解释性方面优于LS-SVM.     

逆向卸荷式气体减压阀的动态特性仿真

考虑到摩擦力、阻尼力及流体流动作用力等主要非线性因素对减压阀动态特性的影响,建立了逆向卸荷式气体减压阀的动态特性数学模型,并对其启动过程与负载变化下的动态响应特性进行了仿真计算,研究了动态过程的压力、温度、流量以及阀芯位移等参数变化情况,分析了不同的参数对减压阀启动特性的影响,提出了改善减压阀动态响应特性的措施。     

基于模型误差确定卫星姿态的预测滤波算法

本文给出了一种高精度、鲁棒性强的实时姿态估计算法，即预测滤波算法。该算法利用星敏感器所提供的观测矢量，对运动学方程中由陀螺漂移造成的角速度模型误差进行一步预测，从而准确地估计卫星的运动姿态和角速度。预测滤波算法的良好性能已通过仿真测试得到了验证。文中进一步提出的修正算法，使滤波器的预测性能得到了改进。     

冷气发动机系统动态特性仿真研究

采用模块化建模方法,将冷气发动机划分为减压阀、管路、容腔和喷嘴等模块,建立了发动机系统模块化数学模型。对发动机启动过程和脉冲工作状态下的响应特性进行了仿真研究,仿真结果与试车结果相吻合,验证了所建立的数学模型的正确性。仿真计算结果还表明：安全阀的开启性能和减压阀动作的灵活性等都是影响冷气发动机动态响应特性的主要因素。提出了改进发动机工作性能及可靠性的措施。     

碳/碳销钉研究

碳纤维由混编,软编制成预制体,后经致密化制成C／C销钉复合材料,讨论了编织方法,复合工艺,界面,加工性等影响C／C销钉的因素,高压碳化沥青碳基体与碳纤维界面结合强;纤维体积分数对碳销钉的强度起决定性作用,软编C／C销钉可机加性好,带轴纱4向软编C／C销钉的纤维含量高,剪切强度高达63．7MPa。     

基于BDS/GPS和经验模型的区域电离层建模

基于北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）和全球定位系统（GPS）实测电离层穿刺点（IPP）数据,结合国际参考电离层（IRI）经验模型历史数据,提出一种对区域二维电离层总电子含量（TEC）进行高精度建模的方法.针对缺乏穿刺点的区域内短时间电离层建模时精度较低且各时段穿刺点空间分布不同的问题,该方法使用IRI模型在建模区域内均匀添加虚拟穿刺点数据,并根据与实测穿刺点的距离,使用构造的权重计算公式赋予其动态权重值,通过加权最小二乘法进行球谐模型参数解算.与欧洲定轨中心（CODE）发布的全球电离层图（GIM）进行数据比对发现,相对于只使用BDS/GPS实测穿刺点数据的建模方法,利用本文建模方法计算获得的垂直总电子含量（VTEC）值对缺乏实测穿刺点的区域精度有明显的提升.      

基于AMESim的先导膜片式电磁阀动态特性仿真

介绍了先导膜片式电磁阀的结构及工作原理,建立了其多物理过程耦合的数学模型,利用AMESim软件建立了先导式电磁阀动态仿真模型,研究了节流孔、工作压力、弹簧刚度及弹簧力对先导膜片式电磁阀动态响应的影响。结果表明:节流孔对响应时间的影响因素较大,随着节流孔的增大,阀门的打开响应时间越长,关闭响应时间越短。该分析方法可应用于先导式电磁阀的设计和分析,具有一定的工程应用价值。