计算机翼跨声速绕流的全速位积分方程数值解

本文利用格林定理将全速位方程转换为全速位积分方程,应用高斯定理对沿激波面的显式积分进行简化。将全速位积分方程的解表示成为面元项和场元项之和,然后离散进行数值求解。本文将激波捕捉方法和激波装配技术结合起来,对机翼跨声速绕流进行数值实验,计算结果令人满意。     

Numerical Simulation of Impact Loading on Solid Propellant Within an Orthotropic Shell

The strain–stress state of the solid propellant rocket engines (SPREs) is simulated under impact. The effect of orientation of elastic and strength properties of orthotropic organoplastic shell material on the strain–stress state of the solid propellant is investigated. Normal and oblique impact of single steel cylinder projectiles, both simultaneous and at different times of multiple, converging steel spheric particles with SPRE are investigated in this study. The investigation is conducted numerically. The numerical modeling was carried out in a three-dimensional formulation by the method of finite elements for the continuous approach of the mechanics of a deformable solid. The destruction of the anisotropic material is described by the tensor-polynomial criterion of the fourth degree, which takes into account the influence of hydrostatic pressure.     

飞机超低空牵引空投动力学响应研究

当飞机进行超低空牵引空投(Super low attitude parachute extraction system,SLAPES)时,货物在货舱内移动,导致飞机质心位置、转动惯量以及绕质心的气动力矩都有显著的变化,飞机可能变成静不稳定的。本文从理论力学和飞行力学的基本原理出发,以飞机的质心作为参考点,分别建立了重物在货舱内静止,被牵引伞牵引和最后在货舱内移动的整个过程中飞机响应的数学模型。通过对重物的不同质量、牵引伞不同牵引比和不同的开伞过程时间条件下的仿真,得到货物质量、牵引比和开伞过程对整个空投的影响。     

双肋式微型气动阀的数值计算与实验

 针对现有微型三角阀效率低的问题,提出双肋式气动阀这一新型微阀,通过两级带圆弧过渡的收敛形肋条,在减小正向气流压力损失的同时,引导逆向气流分为3股后再呈“Y”形汇聚,产生强烈的相互撞击而抵消部分动能,从而减小逆向流量以提高效率。通过数值计算对双肋式气动阀的作用原理进行了分析与验证;加工了特征尺寸为1 mm的三角阀、梯形阀与双肋阀实验件,并设计了相应的实验方案,在微流体实验平台上进行了对比实验。结果表明双肋阀能大幅提高效率：对不可压流,双肋阀可将效率从普通阀的2%～3%提升至14%左右;对可压流,双肋阀能将效率从2%提升至约13%。     

Investigation of natural and artificial stimulation of the ionospheric Alfvén resonator at high latitude

A brief review is provided of recent progress in understanding the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR) at high latitude. Firstly, naturally occurring resonances of the IAR as detected by pulsation magnetometers in the auroral zone at Sodankylä and in the polar cap at Barentsburg are considered. The characteristics of the IAR in the two regions are broadly similar, although the effects of solar illumination are less clear at the higher latitudes. Secondly we review recent attempts to stimulate the IAR through high-power radio frequency experiments both in the auroral zone at Tromsø with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) heater, and within the polar cap at Longyearbyen with the Space Plasma Exploration by Active Radar (SPEAR) facility. In the auroral zone at, Tromsø the stimulated IAR has been observed by ground-based magnetometers, and through electron acceleration observed on the FAST spacecraft. At SPEAR in the polar cap, the stimulated IAR has been investigated, with ground magnetometers, with the first results indicative of a positive detection.     

非均匀入口与化学非平衡效应对尾喷管性能的影响研究

基于煤油燃料超燃冲压发动机尾喷管,对均匀入口和非均匀入口、冻结流动模型和化学非平衡模型下的尾喷管内流动进行数值模拟,采用两方程RNG k-ε湍流模型对三维NS方程组进行求解,获得非均匀入口与化学非平衡效应对尾喷管性能的影响。计算结果表明,尾喷管内流动非均匀性由尾喷管非对称膨胀和燃烧室出口非均匀等因素构成,尾喷管入口流动参数非均匀分布对尾喷管推力、升力及俯仰力矩均有影响,算例中非均匀入口使得尾喷管净推力相对于均匀入口增加了1.2%左右;尾喷管性能受化学非平衡效应的影响,非平衡流动模型下的其净推力计算结果相对于冻结流动模型增加3%~4%。     

基于参数化分析的柔性后缘优化设计

介绍了一种自适应柔性机翼后缘变形控制优化设计方法,该方法采用了由单个驱动器驱动的单块式分布柔性结构。该方法的关键在于设计一种合适的柔性后缘结构拓扑形式,使该自适应柔性机翼后缘能够达到精确的变形。阐明了柔性结构拓扑优化设计的数学模型,针对自适应柔性机翼后缘概念设计提出了基于参数化分析的拓扑优化设计方案,并进行了工程化圆整和尺寸优化。最终,通过非线性有限元分析和功能测试,验证了本文提出的柔性后缘优化设计方法的合理性。     

Radio Occultation Measurements of the Radio Wave Absorption and the Sulfuric Acid Vapor Content in the Atmosphere of Venus

The results of the determination of centimeter ( = 5 cm) radio waves absorption in the radio occultation experiments, carried out using the Venera-15and Venera-16spacecraft, are presented. The altitude distribution of the absorber substance is analyzed. The absorbing layer is shown to exist at altitudes of 64 to 58 km in the near-polar regions of the planet. At middle latitudes such an absorbing layer was not found. In the altitude range from 56 to 46 km the radio wave absorption by the sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) vapor is observed. The content of the sulfuric acid vapor is shown to increase with decreasing altitude: in the mid-latitude region at altitudes of 56.7 and 53 km it equals 5 and 20 ppm, respectively, and at polar latitudes the same content of H₂SO₄vapor is observed at altitudes of 51.2 and 47 km, respectively. A comparison of these results with the data of radio wave absorption in the = 13 cm band, obtained in the Pioneer Venus Orbiterradio occultation experiments, leads to the conclusion that the obtained values of the sulfuric acid vapor content well agree in the regions of overlap of the data.