Space radiation quality factor investigations with “NAUSICAA”-device on board the “MIR” space station

The estimation of radiation quality factor in space flights is a serious problem of space dosimetry. The solution of this problem is based on LET-spectra measurements. The “NAUSICAA”-device installed on the “MIR” station has a detector with a large geometric factor, that gives the possibility of measuring LET-spectra with sufficient statistic in relatively short time interval and hence the corresponding Q. LET-spectra are accumulated through 24 hour periods and equivalent dose (H), absorbed dose (D), quality factor and flux (F) are measured every 10 minutes. The obtained data permit the estimate of the diurnal Q and Q in South Atlantic Anomaly. These values vary in the range of 1.4 – 2.2. The analysis of these values including their comparison with the calculated results is given in this paper.     

The new challenge for space in Russia

The space programme of the former USSR has been in disarray since the disintegration of the Soviet empire and it faces formidable economic and political problems. Attempts are being made, however, to formalize a programme for the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and a Russian space agency has been established. A senior Russian scientist here gives his personal view of the past, present and future of his country's space activities. He emphasizes the need to take advantage of new opportunities for cooperation, argues for the lifting of US restrictions on technology transfer and stresses the importance of space technology in monitoring environmental problems. This should remain a top priority.     

The interannual variability of the earth's radiation budget components as observed from space

Based on the 1974–78 NOAA data, characteristic features of the variability of the Earth's radiation budget and its components over the area of the Northern Atlantic have been analyzed. Calculations of the mean square deviation for the ERB and its components have let to the conclusions that anomalous regions of maximum variability may be considered as energy-active zones.     

超低频计量自动测试系统

充分利用现有的标准仪器,在微机统一控制下,组成一个超低频参数计量的自动测试系统。系统中各台仪器仍保持其独立工作能力。整个计量测试过程,都用软件控制,自动完成,并能对数据自动采集和处理,用汉字打印输出检测结果。     

热等静压ZrO_2-Y_2O_3陶瓷的组织结构与性能

 本文采用透射电镜中电子衍射与暗场技术、X射线衍射及电子探针等方法,研究了热等静压及热等静压后时效处理的ZrO_2-5mol％Y_2O_2陶瓷的组织结构并测定力学性能。结果表明:经冷等静压成型,1500℃烧结,再于1450℃热等静压试样为c+t双相混合晶粒组织,且c相晶粒内有呈“tweed”形态的t相析出物。试样再经1100℃,1000h时效后,形成“tweed”组织,可使弯曲强度从565MPa提高到990MPa,断裂韧性也有所改善;而提高温度至1400℃时效100h,则形成“colony”组织,使强度显著下降至低于无时效组织。     

电脑控制磁粉探伤机的研制

本文介绍了利用ＭＣＳ－５１单片机进行磁化参数与操作功能控制的磁粉探伤的工作原理，特点及技术性能。该机经民航，汽车等知业检验部门的使用效果良好。     

隐马尔可夫模型在对象定位中的应用与实现

以医学图像中脊柱的定位为应用背景,对经典Viterbi算法进行改进,根据全局最优搜索算法提出了可控的最优搜索算法,把隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov model,HMM)应用于二维图像中线性结构对象的定位。以真实的人体脊柱X光照片为实验样本进行的定位实验,结果表明:HMM模型不需要对图像施加较多的限制,就可获得较成功的定位结果,同时引入了可控的最优搜索算法后,定位效果有了进一步的提高。还通过实验分析了可控制的最优搜索的两个控制参数对定位性能的影响,并提出了定位性能具有区间性的结论。     

淮北地区水稻适宜发展规模的研究

准北地区水稻发展的主要制约因素是水资源，该地区水资源系统是江水北调大系统的一个有机部分，其水稻适宜规模取决于江水北调系统水资源的开发利用。根据输水线路或水资源特征将整个系统划分为１５个子系统，以水资源利用量最大，以及缺水造成的减产损失和提水费用之和最小作为水资源利用的两个目标，建立了模拟分析数学模型，提出了求解该模型的大系统分解一协调技术，给出了模拟模型的执行顺序和运行程序，研究了当前工程水平、泵站改造项目完成、通榆河工程完成和南水北调工程建成四种情况淮北水稻适宜发展规模。     

热管辐射器热分析

大多数航天器的热控制都是利用空间辐射器作为排热部件。在空间辐射器上，安装热管将极大地提高空间辐射器的散热能力。热管辐射器是一种传热性能极好、运行安全可靠的空间辐射器。文中介绍了典型热管辐射器的结构型式，对平面双组热管辐射器和柱面双组热管辐射器进行了详细的热分析，完成了典型柱面双组热管辐射的性能计算，并计算出流体温度和辐射肋片温度的变化。