翼型测力天平的研制

为研究翼型结冰状态下的载荷变化规律,对翼型进行测力实验.研制一台三分量翼型测力天平.天平设计的突出难点为设计载荷极不匹配,阻力测量载荷很小.设计时,针对翼型载荷的特点,采用片梁组合方式测量阻力,四柱梁测量法向力及俯仰力矩,并采用有限元方法对结构进行了验证计算.主要介绍天平的设计、校准及应用情况.     

A Fault Sample Simulation Approach for Virtual Testability Demonstration Test

Virtual testability demonstration test has many advantages,such as low cost,high efficiency,low risk and few restrictions.It brings new requirements to the fault sample generation.A fault sample simulation approach for virtual testability demonstration test based on stochastic process theory is proposed.First,the similarities and differences of fault sample generation between physical testability demonstration test and virtual testability demonstration test are discussed.Second,it is pointed out that the fault occurrence process subject to perfect repair is renewal process.Third,the interarrival time distribution function of the next fault event is given.Steps and flowcharts of fault sample generation are introduced.The number of faults and their occurrence time are obtained by statistical simulation.Finally,experiments are carried out on a stable tracking platform.Because a variety of types of life distributions and maintenance modes are considered and some assumptions are removed,the sample size and structure of fault sample simulation results are more similar to the actual results and more reasonable.The proposed method can effectively guide the fault injection in virtual testability demonstration test.     

The PROCESS experiment: an astrochemistry laboratory for solid and gaseous organic samples in low-earth orbit

The PROCESS (PRebiotic Organic ChEmistry on the Space Station) experiment was part of the EXPOSE-E payload outside the European Columbus module of the International Space Station from February 2008 to August 2009. During this interval, organic samples were exposed to space conditions to simulate their evolution in various astrophysical environments. The samples used represent organic species related to the evolution of organic matter on the small bodies of the Solar System (carbonaceous asteroids and comets), the photolysis of methane in the atmosphere of Titan, and the search for organic matter at the surface of Mars. This paper describes the hardware developed for this experiment as well as the results for the glycine solid-phase samples and the gas-phase samples that were used with regard to the atmosphere of Titan. Lessons learned from this experiment are also presented for future low-Earth orbit astrochemistry investigations.     

国内氰酸酯树脂增韧改性新技术研究进展

从增韧改性CE角度出发,介绍了近几年增韧改性氰酸酯树脂的方法,包括纳米粒子(SiO2、SiC)改性、笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)改性、热固性树脂(EP、BMI)改性、热塑性树脂改性及其他改性方法,并且着重阐述了增韧机理..     

角速率输入条件下圆锥误差补偿算法

针对捷联惯导系统中利用角速率拟合角增量进行圆锥误差补偿精度下降和实时性变差的问题,提出了一种直接利用陀螺的角速率输出进行圆锥误差补偿的算法,利用角速率的叉乘项来拟合圆锥误差补偿项,并推导了四子样圆锥误差补偿算法的具体表达形式,并从本质上阐述了圆锥误差的存在机理。在典型圆锥运动条件下通过对所提算法的仿真并和理论解析解的做差比较,验证了所提算法的可行性和有效性。     

采用差尾控制策略的某型机横滚操纵性

某型战机所采用的气动布局使得其横侧安定性较大,与同代其他现役飞机相比横滚操纵性能较差,飞行员在做横滚机动动作时飞机掉高度现象明显。分析了其在低速和高速飞行时横滚机动性能差的原因,研究了增加差动平尾控制提高横滚操纵性的问题。建立了采用差动平尾后飞机稳定横滚的数学模型,并通过定量分析计算说明了增加差动平尾控制,可以使该型战机的横滚机动性能提高近30%,而不会削弱其安定性。     

一种终端区空中交通复杂度的计算方法

将终端区的空中交通复杂度分为静态复杂度和动态复杂度,提出了终端区空中交通复杂度的一种计算方法。通过考虑航空器数量、机型混杂比例和进离场航迹相互影响关系等因素建立空中交通复杂度模型。有效避免了因管制员工作水平差异等人为因素带来的不确定性影响,能更加客观地反应终端区的空中交通复杂度,具有通用性。最后通过Matlab实例仿真,验证了方法的有效性和实用性。     

SAR图像强回波目标检测的偏态分布方差方法

对复杂背景下的SAR图像强回波目标检测问题进行了研究,提出了基于偏态分布方差的自适应检测算法。首先设计一种新的基于偏态分布模型的方差滤波器,偏态分布方差滤波器可减少相干斑噪声对检测的不良影响,提高图像方差的差异性,即强目标回波边缘灰度方差相对于强目标回波灰度方差、背景杂波灰度方差更小。其次,算法改进了根据图像复杂度自动选取阈值方法,通过自适应检测小方差像素,实现强回波目标检测。仿真结果说明该算法能够对SAR图像强回波目标较快地进行准确检测。相比方差特征法(VAR)和扩展分形特征法(EF)在检测速度与虚警率方面均具有较大的优越性。     

含能热塑性聚氨酯推进剂的能量计算与分析

采用最小自由能法,在标准条件(pc/p0=70∶1)下,比较了用不同软硬段结构的含能热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(ET-PU)作粘合剂的复合推进剂的能量特性,从要获得较高能量水平的观点,排列出了几种ETPU选择的先后次序;计算了含ETPU的各类推进剂的能量特性参数,探讨了ETPU对硝酸酯增塑的复合推进剂和硝胺改性双基推进剂的能量特性的影响规律。结果表明,选用不同ETPU的复合推进剂配方相互间在能量特性上存在着差别,但这种差别并不十分显著,以GAP为软段、TDI为硬段的ETPU,更有利于配方获得较高的能量水平;硝酸酯增塑的ETPU推进剂的理论能量水平高于丁羟推进剂,随增塑比逐渐增大,推进剂的最大理论比冲随之增大,固含量逐步降低;少量ETPU的加入,对硝胺改性双基推进剂的能量特性影响不大,增加Al和RDX含量,更有利于提高含ETPU的硝胺改性双基推进剂的能量水平。     

基于面元法的栅格翼翼身组合体高超声速气动特性研究

栅格翼是由外部框架和内部栅格布置形成的空间多升力面系统,其在高超声速状态具有突出优点。文中结合高超声速流动特点,考虑头部激波及弹身上洗干扰,基于面元法建立栅格翼翼身组合体高超声速气动特性计算模型,根据研究对象特点自动划分面元,进而完成典型栅格翼翼身组合体高超声速气动特性计算,并与数值计算结果进行对比分析。结果表明,在研究范围内,栅格翼翼身组合体高超声速气动特性面元法计算结果与数值计算结果吻合较好,前者较后者相对误差绝对值随攻角增加而增大。