Nb-Si 基超高温合金的研究进展

Nb-Si基超高温合金由于熔点高、密度低和优良的高温强度等特点受到广泛关注,极具作为下一代高推重比航空发动机和超然冲压发动机的热端部件用材料的潜力.本文主要介绍了国内外在合金化、粉末冶金、定向凝固和热处理工艺对Nb-Si基合金组织和性能影响等方面的研究现状,并展望了其发展趋势.     

高校体育行政管理信息系统的开发

介绍笔者开发的《高校体育行政管理信息系统》的基本特点、系统结构和主要功能，以及系统运行效果和应用前景。     

基于89C51的低速无线串行通信

在一些相对较复杂的单片机应用系统中,仅仅一个单片机资源是不够的,往往需要两个或多个单片机系统协同工作,论文介绍一种实现双机无线串行通信的方法。     

Experiments on film cooling with sonic injection into a supersonic flow

Film cooling experiments with sonic injection were conducted to investigate the effects of the number of the injection holes, the mass flow ratio, and the hole spacing on the film cooling effectiveness. The mainstream was obtained by the hydrogen-oxygen combustion, entering the experimental section at a Mach number of 2.0. The nitrogen with ambient temperature was injected into the experimental section at a sonic speed. The measured mainstream recovery temperature was approximately 910K. The mass flow ratio was regulated by varying the nitrogen injection pressure. The experimental results show that for the investigated cooling surface, the cooling effectiveness increases with the increase in the number of the injection holes with other parameters held constant. For a fixed cooling configuration, the cooling effectiveness increases with the increase in the mass flow ratio. Different from the subsonic film cooling, the optimal mass flow ratio is not observed. When the hole spacing is less than 4, no obvious difference is observed on the cooling effectiveness and lateral uniformity. With the mass flow ratio increasing further, this difference becomes much smaller. The shock wave also has an effect on the cooling effectiveness. Downstream the incident point of the shock wave, the cooling effectiveness is lower than that in the case without the shock wave.     

Active collision avoidance maneuver under constant thrust

In this paper, the relative position parameters of the target spacecraft are obtained by using the vision measurement and the target maneuver positions are calculated through the isochronous interpolation method. Furthermore, new switch control laws under constant thrust are designed for active collision avoidance maneuver of the chaser along a specified trajectory. The switch control laws are obtained based on the acceleration sequences and the working times of thrusters in three axes which can be respectively computed by the time series analysis method. The perturbations and fuel consumptions are addressed during the computation of the working times.     

Assessment of the sensitivity of vegetation to El-Niño/Southern Oscillation events over China

This research explores the sensitivity of vegetation in China to El-Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events from 1982 to 2006. The ENSO events are defined by the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI), and variation in vegetation cover is captured by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Pearson’s χ2 test was used to identify the areas where the variation in vegetation was sensitive to El Niño and La Niña events. The difference in the sensitivity of various ecosystems was investigated using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land cover product in 2000. Composite NDVI graphs during El Niño, La Niña and non-ENSO years were also produced to investigate the ENSO relationship with the six vegetation ecosystems during El Niño, La Niña and normal phases. The results show that most of the ENSO-sensitive land in China is only affected by one of the two phases of ENSO events, and the area of El Niño-sensitive vegetation is much larger than that of La Niña-sensitive vegetation. North China and the Hengduan Mountains are the two cores of the El Niño-sensitive areas, while the La Niña-sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the central, northwest and northeast regions of China. The sensitivity of vegetation varies across ecosystems: grassland and shrubland had the largest share of El Niño-sensitive areas, and sparse vegetation and savanna were the most sensitive to La Niña events. Overall, the impacts of El Niño events on vegetation in China had regular seasonal variation, while the impacts of La Niña events had regular zonal distribution.     

轨道机动作战中的待机轨道研究

从空间作战的作战样式出发,研究了轨道机动作战中的待机轨道,主要对轨道机动作战中的天基作战平台的机动能量———时间消耗进行了计算分析,并对处于不同待机轨道上的天基作战平台的机动作战能力及其他系统对其的保障能力进行了分析研究,同时考虑了其它的各种限制因素,对于轨道机动作战中的天基作战平台的待机轨道研究有一定借鉴意义。     

临近空间高超声速目标跟踪动力学模型

针对临近空间滑跃式高超声速目标(NSHV)跟踪问题,提出一种新型的动力学跟踪模型。首先从动力学方程与横纵向机动样式两个方面分析了NSHV运动特性,将其抽象为滑跃式NSHV气动加速度相关性的一般规律;在此基础上将气动加速度中的阻力与爬升加速度建模为二阶时间相关模型,使其加速度自相关函数同时具备周期性与衰减性,并据此建立了动力学跟踪模型状态方程;此外,为应对有无动力段转换的误差突变问题(有动力的情况),引入强跟踪滤波进行突变点的滤波补偿。最后通过与不同现有算法比较验证了模型的优 越性 。     

流体二次引射推力转向参数影响规律

采用数值模拟手段,对流体二次引射推力转向参数影响规律进行了研究。首先采用二元矩形矢量喷管,结合风洞试验及国外文献计算数据,验证了自主开发的流体推力转向数值模拟软件的可靠性;在此基础上,开展了流体二次引射推力转向的机理研究和各种参数影响规律数值模拟研究,并详细研究了不同主次流压比、引射缝隙位置和缝隙宽度等参数对干扰流场结构及推力转向偏角的影响,获得了各设计变量对喷管性能及内部流态的影响规律,给出了流体二次引射实现推力转向的基本设计原则及较优的参数组合方案,相关结论可为流体二次流引射推力矢量喷管设计提供依据。     

SiC晶须增强机械合金化A1-12Ti复合材料的力学性能

研究了SiC晶须对机械合金化（MA）A1－12Ti基复合材料的室温力学性能和55℃空气气氛下暴露后力学性能的变化规律。结果表明：SiCw起到了较好的增强作用，复合材料的强度、弹性模量、比强度、比刚度和弯曲断裂应变等各项力学性能比基体合金MAA1-12Ti均明显提高，但热稳定性变差，长时间高温暴露导致SiCw／基体之间界面压应力松驰，界面结合强度下降，是复合材料力学性能恶化的主要原因。